Pueo pueo - ka lālā kahiko loa o ke kauoha o nā pueo, i hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka waiwai a me nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mōʻī. Hoʻokaʻawale ka hiʻohiʻona ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka manu mai nā pueo ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia i kēia ma ka nānā ʻana i ke alo o kahi pueo pueo. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi pale maka, alo o ka mōneka, a i ʻole puʻuwai. Nui nā inoa kapakapa o ka manu i hōʻike ʻia i nā noʻeau kanaka. Noho kokoke ka pueo pueo i ka poʻe a makaʻu ʻole i ke kaiāulu, kahi e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e mālama i kēia mea ʻona ma ka home.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Pueo pueo
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ka pueo pueo i ka makahiki 1769 e ke kauka Tyrolean a me ka naturalist D. Skopoli. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka manu i ka inoa ʻo Strix alba. E like me ka nui o nā ʻano pueo i wehewehe ʻia, hoʻohana wale ʻia ka inoa o ka genus Strix no nā pueo arboreal o ka ʻohana, ʻo Strigidae, a ua kapa ʻia ka pueo pākana ʻo Tyto alba. ʻO ka manaʻo maoli o ka inoa "pueo keʻokeʻo", i unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene kahiko. ʻIke ʻia ka manu e nā inoa maʻamau he nui, e pili ana i kona ʻano kino, nā kani āna e hana ai, kona wahi noho, a i kāna lele weliweli a lele hoʻi.
Video: Pueo pueo
Ma muli o ka ʻikepili DNA mai ka pueo hina hina ʻAmelika (T. furcata) a me ka pueo Curacao barn (T. bargei) i ʻike ʻia he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Ua manaʻo ʻia nō hoʻi ʻo T. a. Ua ʻike ʻia ka delicatula ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka pueo palani hikina. Eia nō naʻe, kānalua ke Kōmike Ornithological International i kēia a ʻōlelo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana o Tyto delicatula mai T. alba "pono paha e noʻonoʻo hou ʻia."
Manaʻo ʻia kekahi mau ʻaoʻao insular i kekahi manawa e nā ʻepekema e like me nā ʻano kaʻawale, akā pono e hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia kēia e nā nānā hou aku. Hōʻike ka loiloi o DNA mitochondrial i kahi mahele i ʻelua mau ʻano, Old World alba a me New World furcata, akā ʻaʻole i pili kēia noiʻi ʻana iā T. a. delicatula, a ua ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano ʻokoʻa. Ua loaʻa kahi helu nui o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā sttens Indonezia a me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāpana alba.
Ua pālahalaha nui aʻe ka pueo pueo ma mua o nā ʻano pueo ʻē aʻe. Ua hāpai ʻia nā ʻāpana he nui i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, akā manaʻo ʻia kekahi he mea pili i waena o nā lāhui like ʻole. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mokupuni, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻāinapuniʻole, a i nā ʻano o ka nahele, ʻoi aku ka pouli o ka plumage, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o nā ʻeheu ma mua o nā mea i loaʻa i nā wahi ākea.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pueo pueo
ʻO ka pueo pueo kahi pueo māmā, me ka waena waena me nā ʻēheu elongated a me kahi huelo huinahā pōkole. Loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa i nā ʻāpana i ka lōʻihi o ke kino me ka nui o 29 a 44 cm i loko o nā laha. Loaʻa nā ʻēheu mai 68 a 105 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kanaka makua makua ʻokoʻa mai 224 a 710 g.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā pueo pākana e noho ana ma nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka māmā, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenekia a pono e hoʻonui hou ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi lālani pueo nui loa mai Cuba a me Jamaica kekahi lunamakaʻāinana.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka huelo ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi pueo pueo mai kahi pueo maʻamau i ka lewa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana o ka lau a me nā wāwae huluhulu. ʻO ka helehelena puʻuwai puʻuwai a me nā maka ʻeleʻele ʻole i hāʻawi ʻole ʻia i ka manu lele i kona hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa, e like me ka pale maka pālahalaha me nā ʻili maka ʻeleʻele nui. Nui a poepoe ke poʻo, ʻaʻohe pūlau pepeiao.
ʻO nā pueo pulu he mau ʻeheu poepoe a he huelo pōkole i uhi ʻia me nā hulu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha. Mālamalama ke kua a me ke poʻo o ka manu me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hoʻi. He keʻokeʻo hina hina ka lalo. He mea ʻokoʻa ka helehelena o kēia mau pueo. ʻO nā mea nānā manu he 16 mau ʻano, ʻoiai ʻo Tyto alba he 35 mau ʻāpana, i ʻike ʻia ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa i ka nui a me ke kala. Ma ka awelika, ma waena o ka heluna like, he hapa iki nā kikoʻī o nā kāne ma lalo, a ʻoi aku ko lākou paler ma mua o nā wahine. Uhi ʻia nā keʻokeʻo me nā keʻokeʻo, akā ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ke alo ke ʻano ma hope koke o ka hatching
Ma hea e noho ai ka pueo pueo?
Kiʻi: Pueo pueo
ʻO ka pueo pog ka manu ʻāina ākea loa, pālahalaha ʻia ma nā ʻāina āpau koe ʻo Antarctica. Aia kona pae i nā mea a pau o ʻEulopa (koe wale ʻo Fennoscandia a me Malta), mai ka hema o Sepania a hiki i ka hema o Kuekene a ma ka hikina o Lūkia. Hoʻohui ʻia, noho ka laulā i ka hapa nui o ʻApelika, ka mokuna ʻāina ʻo India, kekahi o nā mokupuni o ka Pākīpika, kahi i lawe ʻia mai ai e hakakā me nā rodents, a ʻo ʻAmelika hoʻi, ʻAsia, ʻAukekulia. Noho noho manu ʻole a he nui nā kānaka, noho i kahi, noho ma laila, ʻoiai ke hakahaka nā wahi no ka hānai ʻana.
ʻO ka pueo pahi maʻamau (T. alba) - he pae ākea kona. Noho ia ma ʻEulopa, a ma ʻApelika hoʻi, ʻAsia, Nūkini Hou, ʻAukekulelia a me ʻAmelika, me ka waiho ʻole i nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Alaska a me Kanada.
Hoʻokaʻawale:
- puea helehelena lehu (T. glaucops) - hopena iā Haiti;
- Pueo pueo (T. capensis) - loaʻa ma Central a me ʻApelika Hema;
- aia ka ʻano ʻo Madagascar ma Madagascar;
- ʻo ka laulā o ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele (T. nigrobrunnea) a me Australia (T. novaehollandiae) uhi ʻo New Guinea a me kahi ʻāpana o Australia;
- ʻO T. multipunctata kahi hopena o Australia;
- pueo pueo gula (T. aurantia) - endemikō e pili ana. Beritania Hou;
- T. manusi - e pili ana. Manus;
- T. nigrobrunnea - e pili ana. Sula;
- T. sororcula - e pili ana. Tanimbar;
- Noho ʻo Sulawesian (T. rosenbergii) lāua ʻo Minakhas (T. inexpectata) ma Sulawesi.
Noho ʻo pueo puhaka i kahi nui o nā wahi noho mai kua'āina a i nā kūlanakauhale. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa ma nā wahi hāmama e like me nā nāhelehele, nā wao akua, nā māno, a me nā māla mahiʻai. Koi lākou i nā wahi pūnana e like me nā kumu hollow, nā lua ma nā pōhaku a me nā kapa muliwai, nā ana, nā nalu o ka hale pule, nā lua, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
He aha ka ʻai a ka pueo pueo?
Kiʻi: Pueo pueo i ka lele
He poʻe ʻaihue pō lākou i makemake i nā māmele liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaka ka pueo pueo e huli hoʻokahi ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā. E ʻike i kahi pahuhopu neʻe, ua hoʻomohala lākou i ka ʻike maka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa. Eia nō naʻe, ke ʻimi holoholona i ka pouli piha, hilinaʻi ka pueo i ka lohe pono e hopu i kāna mea pio. ʻO nā pueo hale manu nā manu pololei loa ke ʻimi nei i nā pio ma ke kani. ʻO kekahi ʻano e kōkua i ka ʻimi kūleʻa i kā lākou hulu fluffy, kahi e kōkua ai i ka muffle kani i ka neʻe ʻana.
Hiki i kahi pueo ke hoʻokokoke aku i kāna mea pio a ʻaneʻane ʻole e ʻike ʻia. Hoʻouka nā pueo puhaka i kā lākou mea pio me nā lele haʻahaʻa (1.5-5.5 mau mika ma luna o ka honua), hopu i ka mea pio me ko lākou mau wāwae a kuʻi i ka hope o ka iwi poʻo me ko lākou nuku. A laila hoʻopau lākou i ka mea pio a pau. Mālama nā pueo hale i nā lako meaʻai, keu hoʻi i ka wā hānau.
ʻO ka papa ʻaina pueo nui ka:
- ʻōʻā;
- ʻiole;
- voles;
- ʻiole;
- nā hare;
- lāpaki;
- muskrat;
- manu liʻiliʻi.
E ʻimi ka pueo pueo, lele mālie a nānā i ka ʻāina. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā lālā, nā pā, a i ʻole nā anuu ʻē aʻe e nānā i kahi. He lōʻihi, ʻeheu ākea ka manu, e ʻae iā ia e maneuver a huli nui. Lōʻihi a lahilahi kona mau wāwae a me kona manamana wāwae. Kōkua kēia i ka ʻai ma waena o nā lau nahelehele a i ʻole ma lalo o ka hau. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e ʻai ana kekahi pueo pueo i hoʻokahi a i ʻole mau voles i kēlā me kēia pō, e like me ka iwakāluakūmākolu pākēneka o ke kino o ka manu.
Ua wāwahi ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi a ʻai ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo kahi mea pio nui aku, ʻoi aku ma kahi o 100 g, hemo ʻia a hoʻolei ʻia nā wahi inedible. Ma ka pae ʻāina, hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana rodent-free e like me ka loaʻa. Ma nā mokupuni waiwai i nā manu, hiki i kahi papa ʻaina pueo e komo pū me 15-20% o nā manu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Pueo pueo
Noho makaʻu nā pueo i ka pō, e helu ana i ka lohe i ka pouli piha. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou ma mua koke o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, a ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa i ke ao ke neʻe mai kahi wahi o ka pō i kahi ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke alualu i kekahi lā i ke ao inā pulu ka pō ma mua a paʻakikī i ka hopu holoholona.
ʻO nā pueo puea ʻaʻole ia he mau manu kaiāulu, akā he wahi home kā lākou e ʻai ai. No nā kāne ma Sekotia, he wahi kēia me kahi lekiō e pili ana i 1 km mai ka pūnaewele pūnana. ʻO ka laulā o ka wahine e like like me ka nui o ka hoa. Koe no ka wā hānau, hiamoe kaawale nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻEkolu mau wahi o kēlā me kēia kanaka e peʻe ai i ke ao, a kahi e hele ai no nā kau pōkole i ka pō.
Aia kēia mau wahi i:
- nā lua o nā lāʻau;
- nā pā i nā pōhaku;
- nā hale i haʻalele ʻia;
- chimneys;
- mauʻu mauʻu, etc.
Ke hoʻokokoke mai nei ka wā hānau, hoʻi nā manu i kahi o ka pūnana i wae ʻia no ka pō. Hulu manu pueo i nā wahi ākea, e like me ka ʻāina mahiʻai a i ʻole nā wahi holoholona me nā wahi o ka ulu lāʻau, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o 2000 mika. Makemake kēia pueo e alualu ma nā lihi o ka ululāʻau a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o ka mauʻu ākea e pili ana i ka wahi ʻai.
E like me ka nui o nā pueo, lele ka pueo pueo i loko o ka hāmau, me nā ʻōpuʻu liʻiliʻi ma nā kihi alakaʻi o ka hulu a me ka peʻa e like me ka lauoho ma nā ʻaoʻao e hele ana e kōkua i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā kahe o ka lewa, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ka haunaele a me ka halulu pū. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki ka lawena manu a me nā koho kaiaola, ʻoi aku ma waena o nā mea pili kaiāulu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: moa pueo pulu
He manu monogamous nā pueo hale, ʻoiai aia kahi hōʻike o ka wahine polygamy. Noho pū nā pālua i ka wā e ola ana nā mea ʻelua. Hoʻomaka ka Courtship me kahi hōʻike o nā lele e nā kāne, i kākoʻo ʻia e ke kani a me ka alualu ʻana o ka wahine. E kau aku ke kāne i ka lewa i mua o ka wahine e noho ana no kekona kekona.
Hana ʻia ke kope i kēlā me kēia minuke i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi pūnana. Kūleʻa nā kāne ʻelua i mua o kekahi i kekahi e hana i ka moekolohe. Piʻi ke kāne i ka wahine, lālau iā ia i ka ʻāʻī a me nā kaulike me nā ʻeheu e hohola. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pinepine o ka hoʻemi ʻana ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana.
Hānau hulu pueo hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua ma ka manawa o kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka papaʻai. Hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e kope i ka makahiki 1. Ma muli o ke ola pōkole o ka pueo pueo (kahi awelika o 2 mau makahiki), ka hapanui o nā kānaka e kope wale i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, hoʻonui ka pueo pueo i hoʻokahi pua i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai e ulu ana kekahi mau hui i ʻekolu mau moa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Mea hoihoi: Haʻalele nā wahine pueo pueo i ka pūnana i ka manawa o ka incubation no kahi manawa pōkole wale nō a me nā wā lōʻihi. I kēia manawa, hānai ke kāne i ka wahine hoʻoulu. Noho ʻo ia i ka pūnana a hiki i ka manawa o nā keiki ma kahi o 25 mau lā. Lawe nā kāne i ka meaʻai i ka pūnana no ka wahine a me nā pīpī, akā hānai wale ka wahine i nā ʻōpio, i ka wā mua e wāwahi i nā meaʻai i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohana pinepine nā pueo hale i kahi pūnana kahiko i hala he mau makahiki ma kahi o ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hou. ʻO ka laina maʻamau o ka wahine i ka pūnana me nā granula pala. Kau ʻo ia i 2 i 18 mau hua (maʻa mau he 4 a 7) ma ke kaʻina o hoʻokahi hua i kēlā me kēia 2-3 lā. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua manu mai 29 a 34 mau lā. Hoʻomoʻa nā moa a hānai i ka wahine ma hope o ka hatching. Haʻalele lākou i ka pūnana 50-70 mau lā ma hope o ka hatch, akā hoʻi i ka pūnana e moe i ka pō. Kūʻokoʻa loa lākou i ko lākou mau mākua 3-5 mau pule ma hope o ka lele lele ʻana.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā moa pueo. E ʻike kākou pehea e noho ai kahi pueo i ka nāhelehele.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka pueo pā
Kiʻi: Manu pueo pueo
He mau mea ʻaihue nā pueo pueo. Hopu nā Ermines a me nā moʻo i nā moa i kekahi manawa. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e ʻike ai ka pueo ʻona i kekahi manawa i nā mākua. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana pueo pulu ma ke komohana ʻo Palaearctic ma mua o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻImi ʻia kēia mau mea ʻohana e nā aeto gula, nā līkū ʻulaʻula, nā ʻulepule, nā peregrine falcons, nā ʻalā, nā puehu ʻaeto.
Ke alo nei i ka mea komo hewa, hoʻolaha ka pueo pueo i ko lākou mau ʻeheu a kiki iā lākou i kuhikuhi pono ʻia ko lākou ʻaoʻao i hope i ka mea komo hewa. Lulu lākou i ko lākou mau poʻo i hope a i mua. Hele pū kēia hōʻike hoʻoweliweli me kāna a me nā bila, i hāʻawi ʻia me nā maka e ʻoniʻoni ana. Inā hoʻomau ka hoʻouka kaua, lele ka pueo i kona kua a kiki iā ia.
Mea ʻaihue kaulana:
- ferrets;
- nahesa;
- nā aeto gula;
- nā līlū ʻulaʻula;
- ʻalā ʻākau;
- nā buzzards maʻamau;
- peregrine falcons;
- Falcon Kaiwaenahonua;
- pueo;
- opossum;
- pueo hina;
- nā aeto;
- pueo pueo.
Hoʻokipa ʻo Siruhs i nā ʻano parasite like ʻole. Aia ʻo Fleas ma nā pūnaewele pūnana. Ua hoʻouka ʻia lākou e nā makika a me nā ʻāpala hulu, i lawe ʻia mai kekahi manu a kahi manu e ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana. ʻO nā lele lele omo koko e like me Ornithomyia avicularia aia pinepine a neʻe i waena o nā plumage. ʻO nā parasites kūloko pū me Fluke Strigea strigis, Paruternia candelabraria tapeworms, kekahi mau ʻano o ka parasitic roundworms a me nā kākalaioa mai ka genus Centrorhynchus. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū i ka wā e ʻai ai nā manu i nā mea pio maʻi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pueo pueo
He kūpaʻa ka nohona kanaka kēia ʻano i nā makahiki he 40 i hala aku nei ma ʻAmelika. Kuhi ʻia ka heluna kanaka ma ʻEulopa e like me ka fluctuating. I kēia lā, ua koho ʻia nā heluna o ʻEulopa ma 111,000-230,000 pālua, i kūlike ʻia me 222,000-460,000 mau mākua makua. ʻO ka helu o ʻEulopa ma kahi o 5% o ka pae honua, no laila kahi koho mua loa o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua he 4,400,000-9,200,000 kanaka makua, ʻoiai e pono ana ka hōʻoia hou o kēia kuhi.
Ma nā mahiʻai hou, ʻaʻohe lawa hou o nā hale mahiʻai no ka pūnana ʻana, a ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻāina mahiʻai ke lawa i nā rodents e hānai ai i nā pueo pākana. Eia naʻe, ke emi nei ka heluna pueo ma kekahi mau wahi, ʻaʻole ma loko o ka pae.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia nā lālā ʻokoʻa me nā lāhui mokupuni liʻiliʻi ma muli o kā lākou palena palena.
Pueo pueo pane i ka loli, nā pesticides a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hana mahiʻai. ʻAʻole like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole mālama lākou i ka momona o ke kino i mālama ʻia no ka wā hoʻoilo paʻakikī. A ʻo kahi hopena, nui nā pueo e make i ke anilā a nāwaliwali paha e hānau i ka puna aʻe. Ua kōkua pū nā pesticides i ka emi ʻana o kēia laha. No nā kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻeha ka pueo pueo i nā hopena o ka hoʻohana pesticide ma mua o nā ʻano pueo. ʻO kēia mau pesticides ke kuleana no ka lahilahi o ka hua manu.
Lā paʻi: 30.07.2019
Lā hou: 07/30/2019 ma 20:27
