Andor alakaʻi He manu ʻAmelika Hema o ka ʻohana Cathartidae, ka lālā wale nō i ka genus Vultur. Loaʻa ma nā kuahiwi Andes a me nā kapakai e pili kokoke ana i ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ia ka manu lele nui loa ma ka honua ma muli o ke kaupaona ʻia a me nā ana o nā ʻēheu i hui ʻia. ʻO 3.3 m ka nui o kona mau ʻēheu, ʻoi aku i ka ʻēheu o nā manu ʻehā a me nā manu wai - albatrosses a pelicans.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Andean Condor
Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka condor Andean e ka mea kūlohelohe Kuekene ʻo Karl Linnaeus i ka makahiki 1758 a mālama ʻia ka inoa binomial kumu ʻo Vultur gryphus a hiki i kēia lā. Lawe pololei ʻia ka huaʻōlelo nui ʻo Vultur mai ka Latin vultur, ʻo ia hoʻi "vultur". ʻO kāna kikoʻī kikoʻī e hele mai ana ma kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka huaʻōlelo Helene γρυπός (grupós, "ihu lou").
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: ka wahi taxonomic kikoʻī o ka Andor condor a me nā mea i koe he ʻeono mau moʻo manu o ka Honua Hou i maopopo ʻole. ʻOiai like nā helehelena o nā ʻenekini āpau a ʻano like me ke ʻano o ke kaiaola, ua iho lākou mai nā kūpuna like ʻole i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua a ʻaʻohe o lākou pili pili. Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o kēia mau ʻohana ʻelua i kēia lā e kūkākūkā ʻia e nā ʻepekema.
ʻO ka condor Andean ka mea ola ʻike wale ʻia o kona ʻano, ʻo Vultur. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka condor Kaleponi (G. californiaianus), ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai nā fossil he nui a me kekahi mau ʻohana hou aku, he kakaikahi loa ka moʻolelo fossil o ka condor Andes.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ʻano ʻokoʻa ka ʻano Pleistocene mua o nā condors ʻAmelika Hema mai nā ʻano o kēia wā. ʻOiai ua iho mai kahi hiʻohiʻona iā mākou wale nō mai kekahi mau iwi liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i ka waihona Pliocene o ka tari Tarija, Bolivia, he ʻohana liʻiliʻi paha ia, ʻo V Gryphus Patruus.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka condor Andes
He ʻeleʻele, a hinuhinu nā condor Andes me kahi kola keʻokeʻo a puni ke kumu o nā ʻāʻī. ʻOiai he ʻōmaʻomaʻo hina a hina hoʻi nā ʻōpio. He hulu keʻokeʻo ko kēia mau manu ma luna o ko lākou ʻeheu, a ʻoi aku lākou i ka inoa o nā kāne. Ma ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo o nā condors makua, ʻaʻohe nā hulu a, ma ke ʻano he ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele i ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula i ke kala. He fluff hina nā cubs i kēia mau wahi, a nalowale ma hope. He hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha kēia ʻōhule, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili ʻōlohelohe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a maloʻo ma hope o ka hānai ʻana i ke kino.
Video: Andean Condor
Lawe ka nuku i ka ʻiʻo popopo mai ke kupapaʻu. ʻO nā kumu o ko lākou mau ā luna a me nā ʻaoʻao lalo, ʻeleʻele, a ʻo ke koena o ka nuku he ʻelepani kala. Kaupaona ʻia nā condors Andean mai 7.7 a 15 kg a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 97.5 a 128 cm. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mana o nā wāwae o nā condor Andean a me nā māiʻuʻu pōkole ʻole, ʻaʻole like me nā manu ʻio ʻio ʻē aʻe. Hoʻoemi hou ʻia ka manamana hope, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manamana waena ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Uhi ʻia ko lākou mau wāwae a me ko lākou mau wāwae me nā unahi poepoe poepoe.
Mea leʻaleʻa: ʻO ka ʻēheu 3.2m ka ʻēheu lōʻihi loa o nā manu ʻāina.
ʻO nā condors Andean wale nō nā ʻano i ka ʻohana Cathartidae e hōʻike ana i ka dimorphism kolohe nui. ʻAʻole like me nā manu lele ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne o ka condor Andes ma mua o nā wahine. Hoʻohui, loaʻa i nā kāne kahi kāhili nui, ʻaʻohe o nā wahine. ʻOkoʻa ke kāne o nā manu i ke kala o ka maka, he ʻeleʻele nā haumāna i nā kāne, ʻoiai he ʻulaʻula nā wahine. Hiki i nā kāne ʻelua ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ka ʻili ākea ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka maka e pili ana i ko lākou ʻano. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā kānaka a no nā hōʻike i ke kau moʻo.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka condor Andes. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
Ma hea e noho ai ka condor Andes?
Kiʻi: Manu Andor Condor
Loaʻa ka Condor ma ʻAmelika Hema i ka Andes, a me nā Kuahiwi ʻo Santa Marta. Mai ka ʻākau, hoʻomaka ka pae mai Venezuela a me Colombia, kahi manuahi loa o ka manu, a laila moe i ka hema ma ka Andes o ʻEkuador + Peru + Chile, e kāpae ana iā Bolivia a me ʻAtena a hiki iā Tierra del Fuego ponoʻī. I ke kenekulia 19, ua loaʻa ka condor Andean ma nā wahi āpau mai Venezuela a i Tierra del Fuego, akā ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka pae ma muli o nā hana a ke kanaka.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: i loko o kahi pūnaewele kaʻawale o nā kuahiwi kuahiwi ma ka Andes o Colombia a me ʻEkuador, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e emi iho ana nā helu manu. Hiki i nā lehulehu i nā wahi kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe ma nā wahi hema o ka North Peruvian Low, kahi e noho ai lākou i nā wahi nui o nā kula kiʻekiʻe, nā wao akua a me nā wahi kai.
Aia kona wahi noho i nā mauʻu ākea a me nā ʻāpana alpine a i 5000m. Makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi ākea, ʻaʻohe i makemake ʻia e ʻae iā ia e ʻike i nā kino mai ka lewa, e like me nā paramo a me nā wahi mauna pōhaku. Noho nā condors Andean a pūnana ma luna o nā pōhaku i nā pali pōhaku liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ana. Hoʻohana lākou i nā kahe wela e haʻalele a lele i mau hola me ka hana ʻole i kā lākou ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia ka condor Andes ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka hikina o Bolivia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Peru a me ke komohana hema o Brazil, ka manu e iho i nā wahi mehameha o Chile + Peru a loaʻa i nā ululāʻau beech hema ma Patagonia. I ka hema o Patagonia, he mea nui ka mauʻu mauʻu no nā condor Andes, ʻoiai aia paha nā mea kanu lāʻau i kēia wahi noho. I kēia māhele, hoʻohuli ʻia ka laulā condor Andes e ke alo o nā nāhelehele, a me nā pōhaku no ka pūnana a me nā noho pō ʻana.
He aha ka mea a ka condor Andes e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Conde Nui Andean
Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kēia manu lele no kahi pilina pili pono i ka wā e alualu ana me nā ʻelepulu turkey a me nā catharts ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika, kahi e ʻimi nei i kahi pio e ka ʻala, ʻoiai ʻo Andes condors e ʻike ai i ka meaʻai ma ke ʻano. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā condor Andes nui e wili i ka ʻili paʻa o kahi holoholona i make a make paha. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, nā pōmaikaʻi liʻiliʻi mai ke kōkua o ka condor a hānai i nā mea i koe o kahi kupapaʻu i loaʻa hou nei.
I loko o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻololi ʻia kahi kaiaola i ka loaʻa o nā meaʻai maʻamau mai nā ʻano ʻōiwi i ka hapa nui o ka pae condor Andes. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou āpau e nā holoholona hānai e like me nā bipi, nā lio, nā hipa, nā kao. A ʻo nā mea hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hopu holoholona haʻuki (lāpaki, ʻalopeke, puaʻa hihiu a me nā dia).
ʻO nā meaʻai kumu o nā condor Andes:
- llamas;
- ʻAlapa;
- rhea;
- guanaco;
- armadillos.
Ke pani ʻia nei kēia ʻano laha e nā holoholona home. ʻAi pū nā condors Andean i nā kupapaʻu o nā koholā a me nā mea ʻona ʻē aʻe nunui ma nā kahakai. ʻO lākou ka hapanui he scavenger, akā i kekahi manawa ʻimi lākou i nā marmots, nā manu a me nā lāpaki, a i kekahi manawa hoʻouka lākou i nā pūnana o nā manu liʻiliʻi e ʻai i nā hua.
ʻAʻohe o ka condor Andes i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia i nā ʻenehana hopu holoholona, akā hiki iā lākou ke alualu a hopu i ka mea pio pono, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e hānai ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka holoholona. Mālama ʻo Andes condors i kā lākou mea pio ma ke kū ʻana ma luna o ia mea, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe o lākou nā wāwae ikaika, hoʻoluhi i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻimi holoholona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ke hoʻokokoke nei i kahi kupapaʻu hou, hoʻomaka pinepine nā condor Andes e haehae i ka holoholona kokoke i ka anus a neʻe i ke poʻo. ʻO ka mea mua e ʻai ka maʻamau o ke ake, a laila nā mākala. ʻAʻole i hoʻāʻo nui ʻia e wehe i ka iwi poʻo a ʻai i ka lolo.
Ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka laulā, ke ʻike nei nā condors Andes i kahi emi nui o nā helu e pili ana i nā pilikia meaʻai. Waiho pinepine nā condes Andes i ka meaʻai ʻole no kekahi mau lā, a laila ʻai lākou i ka nui o nā meaʻai a hiki ʻole ke ala aʻe i ka ea. Noho lākou i kahi ʻāpana nui o ke kaiaolaola, e ʻai ana i ka ʻōpala e lilo i wahi ulu no ka maʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Andean condor i ka lele ʻana
He manu monogamous lākou i paio no ke ola. ʻEleu lākou i ka lā. E like me nā mākua a me nā ʻōpio, noho pū nā manu ma nā pākaukau a me nā papa hoʻomaha, akā ʻaʻole hānau ma laila e like me nā ʻākoʻakoʻa ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi helu nui (ma kahi o 196 mau ʻāpana) o nā condor i nā wahi lehulehu ma Patagonia a me ʻAtenitina. Hoʻonui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi leʻaleʻa i ke kauwela a me ke kauwela.
Hōʻike ka launa kaiaulu i nā wahi hoʻokipa i kahi hierarchy mana: hoʻomalu nā kāne i nā wahine, a me nā mākua i nā ʻōpio. ʻO kēia hana koʻikoʻi ka mea i alakaʻi i ka mahele o nā wahi moe, kahi o nā manu kiʻekiʻe i ka hierarchy ka mea nui i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa me ka lā kūpono a me ka pale mai ka makani.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: E like me ka nui o nā ʻaulani Honua Hou, he maʻa ka condecating ma ko lākou mau wāwae, e hele a puni ka manu me kona mau wāwae i uhi ʻia i nā waihona uric acid keʻokeʻo. Hōʻike kekahi mau ʻepekema i kēia ala e hoʻokō ai i kahi hopena hōʻoluʻolu ma nā wāwae a me nā wāwae. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe kumu o kēia i ka nohona manu anuanu o ka Andes.
Ke hemo ka condor Andes, hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia kona mau ʻeheu a kūlou nā hulu mua i luna ma nā wēlau. Pāleʻa ʻo ia i kona mau ʻeheu i ka wā e hāpai ana mai ka honua, akā, i ka pae ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lani, paʻakikī ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka lele ʻana i kona mau ʻeheu, ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai wela.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Andean Condor
Hiki i nā kondors Andes ʻelua ke koho i kahi pūnana pūnana a laila e noho kokoke iā ia no ʻelua a me ka hapa mahina ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka male ʻana. Ke hoʻomaka a kokoke ka manawa no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, hoʻomaka ka wahine e noho mālie a kokoke i ke kaʻe o ka pūnana, a noho ʻo ia e moe i ka pō ma loko.
Ma mua o ka male ʻana, hoʻomaka ke kāne ma ka hohola ʻana i kona mau ʻeheu a hoʻonui i kona ʻāʻī. Huli kona ʻāʻī a me kona kiko i kahi kala hinahina-melemele ʻōlinolino. Hele aku ʻo ia i ka wahine me nā ʻeheu hohola, kahi ʻekena elongated a meli. Huli iki ke kāne i ka hema a me ka ʻākau i ke poʻo i ka wahine, hiki iā ia ke hohola i kona mau ʻeheu a hoʻohālike i kāna ʻano. Pili ka pilina a me ka male ʻana me ka hana a nā kāne ma ke ʻano he hoa nui a me ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine iā ia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana, akā maʻa mau ia mai Pepeluali a Iune. ʻO ka condor Andean ʻaʻole ia he manu neʻe, no laila, ʻokoʻa ka lau o ke kau ma waena o ka palena ʻākau a me ka hema o kā lākou pae. E loli paha ka wā hānau ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka nohona a me ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai.
ʻAʻole kūkulu ka hapa nui o nā condors Andes i nā pūnana, akā kau i kahi hua manu ma ka pali pali olohelohe. ʻOhi kekahi mau lālā o ka laha i nā lāʻau e hoʻopuehu ma luna o ka ʻili. Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo nā hua i ke kala, kaupaona ma kahi o 280 g a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 7.6 a 10.1 cm. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hua manu no 54-58 mau lā. Mālama nā mākua ʻelua i nā moa a lele lākou i ka makahiki 6 a 7 mau mahina. Noho ʻo Chicks me ko lākou mau mākua a hiki i ka 2 makahiki, ke hoʻomaka hou ka pālua. Hana ʻia ke ʻano makua i 6-11 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā condor Andes
Kiʻi: Manu Andor Condor
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā condors makua olakino i nā predators kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā moa ʻōpio ke hāʻule i nā manu nui o nā pio a i nā ʻalopeke. ʻAʻohe ohi ʻia nā hua moa e nā mea ʻino no ka mea noho mau kekahi o nā mākua i ka pūnana. Hoʻohui ʻia, pūnana ka condors Andes ma nā pali pōhaku hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia, kahi e pale ʻia ai lākou mai nā hoʻouka kaua āpau. Akā i kekahi manawa e pūnana kēia mau manu i nā wahi i hiki ke maʻalahi ʻia no ke komo ʻana i ka ʻāina. ʻIke ʻia lākou e pale kūpale i kā lākou pūnana mai nā mea hiki wawe ka poʻe manuahi.
Nā predators nui:
- ʻalopeke;
- manu ʻaihue.
Mālama nā condors Andean i nā holoholona nui make, a i kekahi manawa e ʻimi i nā lālā maʻi a ʻeha hoʻi o ka holoholona. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāhui ʻōiwi o nā mauna kiʻekiʻe o nā Andes i panai ʻia e nā ʻano holoholona e like me nā llamas, nā bipi wahine, nā lio, nā hipa a me nā kao, ʻo ia ka hapa nui o nā papaʻai condor. Ua alakaʻi kēia i kekahi mau mahiʻai a me nā mea hānai e ʻike iā lākou he mau mea ʻino e ʻānai ana i kā lākou holoholona.
Ua maʻa mau nā lāʻau ʻona manu i nā makahiki he haneli i hala aku nei, akā ke emi nei lākou i kēia manawa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike ākea a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā condor Andes ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka ʻāina. I ka moʻomeheu Inca kahiko o Peru, hōʻike ka condor i kekahi o nā honua ʻekolu o ka noho ʻana - lani; ʻoiai ʻo ka jaguar ka honua a ʻo ka nahesa ka honua i lalo. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau kuhikuhi moʻomeheu ʻekolu ma loko o ka kaiaulu ʻo Inca, me kā lākou kālaiʻike.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka condor Andes
Heʻuʻuku ka nui o kēia heluna kanaka o ka honua, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e emi wikiwiki ana ma muli o ka hoʻomaʻau kanaka. No laila, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo ia me he mea aneane aneane make. Hoʻoweliweli nui ʻia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o kāna pae, a ʻano liʻiliʻi loa ma Venezuela a me Colombia. ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko ka manu, akā haʻahaʻa loa nā helu hānau.
Palekana loa ka laha i kekahi mau ʻāpana o kona laulā, ʻoiai e alualu ana ka poʻe i ka manu ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā holoholona. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka mākaʻikaʻi ma nā wahi o Chile a me Argentina ua hōʻemi i ka hoʻomāinoino, e hōʻike ana i ka waiwai o kēia ʻano no ka ecotourism. ʻO ka ʻona ʻana o nā liona mauna a me nā ʻalopeke ma ke ʻano he hopena e hiki ke hoʻopili i kēia laha i kekahi mau wahi. Ma Argentina, hilinaʻi nui nā condors i nā kupapaʻu herbivore exotic no 98.5% o kā lākou papaʻai, e hoʻoweliweli iā lākou i nā loli o ka mālama holoholona. ʻO ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū kūikawā no nā kupapaʻu i nā wahi like e hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka heluna condor.
ʻO nā condors Andean kekahi o nā manu lele nui loa o ka honua. He mea nui ko lākou ola ʻana i ko lākou wahi maoli no ka ecotourism. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā condors Andes i nā zoo, a he holoholona hōʻikeʻike kaulana ia no ko lākou kūlana. He kumu waiwai aʻo nui lākou no nā zoo e loaʻa ka ʻike i ka hānau pio ʻana o nā condor nui.
ʻO Guard Guard Guard
Kiʻi: Andes condor mai ka Red Book
ʻO ka condor Andean kahi hōʻailona aupuni o nā ʻāina he nui o ka pae. He mea nui ka manu i ka kaʻao a me nā moʻolelo o ka ʻāina Andes. Manaʻo ʻia ka condor Andes he mea ʻaneʻane a me ka helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāhui ʻaneʻane pau mua. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo ia e ka nalo ʻana o kahi e noho ai a me ka lāʻau make ʻana e nā kino make o nā holoholona ʻona. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā papahana hānau Captive i nā ʻāina he nui.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā papahana hoʻouluulu hou e hoʻokuʻu i nā manu i kū ʻia i nā zoo o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i loko o ka nāhelehele e kākoʻo i nā lehulehu kūloko i hoʻolauna ʻia ma Argentina, Venezuela a me Colombia. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka chor condor Andes i hānau ʻia i ka ulu hihiu i 1989.
ʻIke hoihoi: Ke ulu nei nā condors, liʻiliʻi ka launa ʻana me nā poʻe. Hānai ʻia nā moa me nā pēpē lima, ka mea like me nā manu makua o ka laha, e hoʻonāwaliwali i nā pīpī mai ka maʻa i nā kānaka, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli iā lākou i nā condor ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e makaʻu i nā kānaka. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā condors i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka ukali e nānā i kā lākou neʻe ʻana a nānā inā ola lākou.
Andor alakaʻi i helu ʻia ma ka Manaʻo I a me ka Manaʻo II o CITES. ʻO nā hana mālama no ka condor Andes kahi helu kanaka, e hoʻohana nei i nā kiʻi / wikiō e ʻike ai i kēlā me kēia manu ma nā wahi hānai. Ke aʻo ʻana i nā neʻe manu manuahi nui a me ka hopena o ka condor i ka hana holoholona.E like me ka hana ʻana i nā kamaʻilio wehewehe me nā mahiʻai i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻomāinoino ʻia o kēia mau manu.
Lā paʻi: 28.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/30/2019 ma 21:25
