ʻO Quagga - he holoholona make kaulike kaulike ʻia i noho ma ʻApelika Hema. ʻO nā ʻāpana mua o ke kino o ka quagga he mau kaha keʻokeʻo, e like me ka zebra, a me ke kua - ke kala o kahi lio. ʻO kēia ka mua a aneane hoʻokahi wale nō (o ka make) i hoʻohuli ʻia e ka poʻe a hoʻohana ʻia e pale aku i nā holoholona, ʻoiai ʻo ka quaggas ka mea mua o nā holoholona āpau e ʻike i ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā mea ʻaihue a hoʻomaopopo aku i nā mea nona nā ʻāʻī me ka leo nui "kuha", ʻo ia ka inoa no ka holoholona. ... ʻO ka quagga hope loa i ka nāhelehele i pepehi ʻia ma 1878.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Quagga
ʻO ka quagga ka holoholona make mua i kālailai ʻia e DNA. Ua hōʻoia nā kānaka noiʻi ʻoi aku ka pili o ka quagga i nā zebras ma mua o nā lio. Ua hala ʻo 3-4 miliona mau makahiki i ka wā i loaʻa iā lākou nā kūpuna maʻamau me ka zebra mauna. Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi immunological ua kokoke ʻo Quagga i ka zebras e noho nei ma nā pāpū.
Video: Quagga
I loko o kahi noi 1987, ua manaʻo nā ʻepekema ua loli ka mtDNA o Quaggi ma kahi o 2% i kēlā me kēia miliona mau makahiki, e like me nā ʻano mammalian ʻē aʻe, a ua hoʻokūpaʻa hou i ka hui pū ʻana me ka zebra maʻamau. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ana o nā ana cranial i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1999 he ʻokoʻa ka quagga mai ka zebra maʻa e like me ka zebra kuahiwi.
Mea hoihoi: Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi o nā ʻili a me nā iwi poʻo i ka makahiki 2004 ʻaʻole he ʻano ʻokoʻa ka quagga, akā he ʻāpana o ka zebra maʻamau. Me kēia mau hopena, ua hoʻomau ʻia e noʻonoʻo he mau ʻāpana kaʻawale nā zebras a me nā quaggas. ʻOiai i kēia lā ua manaʻo ʻia ia he subspecies o ka burchella zebra (E. quagga).
Ua hōʻike hou ʻia nā noiʻi genetic i ka makahiki 2005 i ke kūlana subspecies o ka quagga. Ua ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻokoʻa iki ko ka quaggas, a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa o kēia mau holoholona a hiki i waena o 125,000 a me 290,000, i ka wā o ka Pleistocene. Ua loli ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka pale ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻāina a me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā wahi maloʻo.
Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā zebras ma ka hema i ko lākou noho ʻana, a ʻo ka quagga ka hema o lākou āpau. Ua hoʻokaʻawale pū kekahi nā ungulate nui ʻē aʻe i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā mea lawelawe ma muli o ka loli. No ka hema o ʻApelika nā lehulehu o nā zebras ma nā pāpū, a ʻo ka quagga me nā lāhui kokoke mai ma mua o ka poʻe ʻākau e noho ana ma ka hikina ʻākau o Uganda. ʻO Zebras mai Namibia ke ʻano he genetically kokoke loa i quagga.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka quagga
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka quagga 257 cm ka lōʻihi a 125-135 cm ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka poʻohiwi. ʻO kona ʻano huluhulu i kū hoʻokahi i waena o nā zebras: me he mea lā he zebra i mua a he lio ma hope. He ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hoʻi kona mau ʻāʻī ma kona ʻāʻī a me kona poʻo, he ʻaoʻao brownish, a me ka ʻōpū māmā, nā wāwae, a me ka huelo. Ua haʻi nui ʻia nā kaha ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, akā ua hele a nawaliwali a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka hana, hui pū me ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula o ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao.
Me he mea lā he ʻāpana kino ka holoholona i aneane noa i nā ʻāpana, a me nā ʻāpana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka zebra Burchell i make, nona nā ʻāpana i kau ʻia ma ka hapa nui o ke kino, koe wale no ka hope, nā wāwae a me ka ʻōpū. He ākea, ʻeleʻele hoʻi kahi kaula o ka zebra ma kona kua i loaʻa kahi mane me nā kaha keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻalani.
Mea hoihoi: Aia he ʻelima mau kiʻi o ka quagga i lawe ʻia ma waena o 1863 a me 1870. Ma muli o nā kiʻi a me nā wehewehe kākau, manaʻo ʻia he mālamalama nā kaha i kūʻē i kahi ʻeleʻele, ʻokoʻa ia mai nā zebras ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Reinhold Rau he kuhi aniani ia, ke keʻokeʻo nui keʻokeʻo a he mānoanoa a ʻeleʻele hoʻi nā ʻāpana. Hōʻoia nā ʻike Embryological he ʻeleʻele ka zebras me ke keʻokeʻo ma ke ʻano he kala kōkua.
Ke noho nei ma ka palena hema o ka pae o ka zebra, he pale mānoanoa ka quagga e hoʻolei ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua wehewehe ʻia kona iwi poʻo me ka pili o ka profile me ka diastema concave me ka nape liʻiliʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā anamanaʻo Morphological i ka makahiki 2004 i ke ʻano o nā iwi o ka zebra Burchell hema a me ka quagga a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia. I kēia lā, ua like kekahi mau quagga a me nā zebra a Burchell i hiki ʻole ke ʻike kū hoʻokahi i nā hiʻohiʻona no ka mea ʻaʻohe palapala ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO nā laʻana wahine i hoʻohana ʻia i ke aʻo ʻana, ma ka awelika, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kāne.
Ma hea e noho ai ka quagga?
Kiʻi: holoholona quagga
He kupa o ʻApelika hema, ua loaʻa ka quagga i loko o nā pā nui ma nā moku ʻo Karoo a me ka hema o Orange Free. ʻO ia ka papu zebra hema loa, e noho ana ma ka hema o ka muliwai ʻo Orange. He lāʻau ulu ia, me kahi nohona e kaupalena ʻia e nā nāhelehele a me nā ulu lāʻau ulu ʻole, i kēia lā e hana ana i nā ʻāpana o nā panalāʻau o ka ʻĀkau, Komohana, Hikina Cape. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele e kā lākou flora a me nā holoholona ʻokoʻa a me ka pae kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona endemism i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika.
Ua noho paha ʻo quaggas ma ia mau ʻāina:
- Namibia;
- Konokō;
- APELIKA HEMA;
- Lesoto.
ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka nāhelehele maloʻo a mehana, a i kekahi manawa i nā wahi momona hou. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka pae ʻāina o ka quagga e hoʻonui i ka ʻākau o ka muliwai Vaal. I ka mua, maʻamau ka holoholona ma waena o ʻApelika hema, akā ua nalo iki i nā palena o ka noho ʻana. I ka hopena, hiki ke loaʻa i nā helu palena palena a ma nā wahi mamao wale nō, ma kēlā mau papu momona kahi e noho aliʻi ai nā holoholona hihiu.
Ua neʻe aku ʻo Quaggas i loko o nā bipi, a ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou i hui pū me kā lākou mau hoa hanohano ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma ke kaiāulu o ka nāhelehele huelo keʻokeʻo a me ka aeto. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hui liʻiliʻi e neʻe ana ma waena o ka pāpū a me nā pāpū neoneo i hana i ko lākou wahi noho kaʻawale, e ʻimi nei i nā wahi momona i hoʻopiha ʻia lākou me nā mauʻu like ʻole i nā mahina kau wela.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i noho ai ka holoholona quagga. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka mea a ka quagga i ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Zebra quagga
Ua ʻoi aku ka kūleʻa o ke quagga i ke koho ʻana i nā wahi hānai ma mua o ka nui o kona mau hoahānau. ʻOiai ʻo ia i hoʻokūkū pinepine me nā wildebeest lehulehu aʻe i noho i nā wahi like. ʻO Quaggi nā mea ulu mua i komo i nā lau nahele mau a i ʻole nā wahi mahiʻai pulu. ʻAi lākou i ka ʻai ma kahi o nā mea kanu, akā i kekahi manawa ʻai ka nahele, nā lālā, nā lau a me ka ʻili. Ua ʻae kā lākou ʻōnaehana digestive iā lākou e ʻai i nā mea kanu me ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai ma mua o nā pono lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pono ai.
ʻO ka flora o ʻApelika hema ka mea waiwai loa ma ka honua. 10% o nā hiʻohiʻona honua āpau e ulu ma laila, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 20,000 laha. Ma nā panalāʻau nui nā mea kanu kupaianaha, nāhelehele, nā pua (80%) ʻala, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ma kahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea ulu momona loa o ka Western Cape, kahi e ulu ai ma mua o 6,000 mau mea ulu pua.
ʻOiai, hānai ʻia nā quaggas i nā mea kanu e like me:
- līlia;
- amaryllidaceae;
- Iris;
- pelargonium;
- popi;
- Cape boxwood;
- ficuses;
- nā kūpuna;
- heather, ʻoi aku ma mua o 450 mau ʻano, a pēlā aku.
I ka wā ma mua, ua lūlū nā pua puaʻa he nui he nui i nā ākea o nā savannas ʻApelika Hema me kahi peʻa o nā kui. Ua alakaʻi ʻo Artiodactyls i kahi ola nomadic, e neʻe mau ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Ua neʻe pinepine kēia mau mea ulu lāʻau e hana i nā holoholona nui.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: quagga holoholona luku
He mau mea noho aloha ʻo Quaggas, e hoʻokumu ana i nā pūʻā nui. ʻO ke kumu o kēlā me kēia hui nā lālā ʻohana i noho pū me kā lākou bipi hānau hānau i ko lākou ola. No ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā lālā heleleʻi o ke kaiāulu, hana ke kāne koʻikoʻi o ka hui i kahi leo kūikawā i pane ʻia e nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka hui. Mālama ʻia nā poʻe maʻi a pipili paha e nā lālā āpau o ka hui, nā mea i lohi e hoʻokūkū i ka ʻohana lohi loa.
Hoʻonohonoho kēlā me kēia mau pūʻā i kahi liʻiliʻi o 30 km². I ka neʻe ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke uhi i nā wahi mamao ma kahi o 600 km². ʻO ka maʻa mau ʻo Quaggi, e hoʻolilo ana i ko lākou mau hola i nā wahi hānai liʻiliʻi kahi e ʻike ai lākou i nā mea ʻaihue. I ka pō, ua ala hoʻokahi nā lālā o ka hui e hānai no hoʻokahi hola paha, me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana mai ka hui. Eia hou, loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi o hoʻokahi lālā o ke kaiāulu e kiaʻi i ka maka no nā hoʻoweliweli hiki ke hiamoe ka hui.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO Quaggas, e like me nā zebras ʻē aʻe, he hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā ke kū kekahi i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, e nahu ana kekahi i kekahi ma nā wahi paʻakikī e like me ka ʻāʻī, mane a hoʻi e kāpae kekahi i nā parasites.
Holo nā holoholona i nā huakaʻi maʻamau mai nā wahi hiamoe a i nā wahi hānai a hoʻi i hope, e kū ana e inu wai i ke awakea. Eia nō naʻe, koe ka ʻike liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka hana a ka quagga i ka nahelehele, a maopopo ʻole i kekahi manawa nā ʻano o ka zebra i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā hōʻike kahiko. ʻIke ʻia ua ʻākoakoa nā quaggas i nā pūʻā he 30-50 ʻāpana. ʻAʻohe mea hōʻike i kaʻa i keʻa me nā ʻano zebra ʻē aʻe, akā ua puʻunaue paha lākou i kahi ʻāpana o ko lākou pae me ka zebra mauna ʻo Hartmann.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Quagga Cub
He ʻōnaehana moena polygamous hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau māmala, kahi e hoʻomalu ai ke kāne makua i kahi hui wahine. I lilo i lio lio koʻikoʻi, pono i ke kāne e huli i ka ʻumeʻume ʻana i nā wahine mai nā bipi ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā Stallions ke ʻākoakoa a puni kahi bipi kahi i kahi lio wahine i ka wela, a kaua aku nona me ke kāne kāne a me kekahi me kekahi. Ua hana ʻia kēia i 5 mau lā i kēlā me kēia mahina no hoʻokahi makahiki, a hiki i ka manawa i hāpai ai ka wahine wahine. ʻOiai hiki ke hānau ʻia nā keiki foals i kēlā me kēia mahina, aia kekahi piko makahiki o ka hānau / hānau ʻana i ka mua o Kēkēmapa - Ianuali, i kūlike i ka wā ua.
Mea hoihoi: Ua manaʻo ʻia ka quagga i moho kūpono no ka hana ʻōpala, no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hoʻolohe i nā zebras. ʻAʻole i hana maikaʻi nā lio hana i lawe ʻia mai i nā kūlana aniau loa a hoʻomāka pinepine ʻia e ka maʻi lio o ʻApelika weliweli.
ʻO nā wahine Quaggi, kahi olakino maikaʻi, hānai ʻia i nā manawa 2 mau makahiki, loaʻa kā lākou pēpē mua i ka makahiki 3 a 3.5 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kāne ke hānau a ʻelima a ʻeono paha makahiki o lākou. Mālama nā makuwahine o Quaggi i ke keiki lio a i hoʻokahi makahiki. E like me nā lio, hiki i nā quaggas liʻiliʻi ke kū, hele, a omo i ka waiū ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana. ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā keiki i ka hānau ma mua o kona mau mākua. Ua kiaʻi ʻia nā keiki kāne e ko lākou mau makuahine, a me ka lio lio a me nā wahine ʻē aʻe i kā lākou hui.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka quagga
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka quagga?
I ka mua, ua ʻōlelo nā zologist i ka hana o ke kuapo ʻana i nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻeleʻele i nā zebras kahi ʻano pale e kūʻē i nā mea ʻino. Akā ma ka hopena, maopopo ʻole ke kumu o ka ʻole o ka quagga ma ke kua. Ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomohala nā zebras i nā lauana e like me ka thermoregulation no ke anuanu, a ua nalowale ka quagga iā lākou no ka noho ʻana i nā anuanu anuanu. ʻO ka pilikia ʻo ka noho pū ʻana o ka zebra mauna ma nā ʻano like a loaʻa kahi kahakaha i uhi i kona kino holoʻokoʻa.
Hiki i nā ʻokoʻa band ke kōkua i ka ʻike o ka laha i ka hui ʻana o ka pūʻulu i hiki i nā lālā o nā ʻāpana like a i ʻole nā laha ke hoʻomaopopo a hāhai i ko lākou ʻohana. Eia naʻe, ua kākoʻo kahi noiʻi 2014 i ke kuhiakau o kahi ʻano pale e kūʻē i nā nahu lele, a ua noho paha ka quagga i nā wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana lele ma mua o nā zebras ʻē aʻe. He mau mea ʻaihue nā Quaggas i ko lākou wahi noho.
ʻO nā holoholona nui i hoʻoweliweli iā lākou:
- liona;
- tigers;
- ʻōpala;
- hippos.
Ua lilo ka poʻe i pests nui no ka quaggas, ʻoiai maʻalahi ka loaʻa a pepehi i kēia holoholona. Ua luku ʻia lākou e hoʻolako i ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻili. Ua kūʻai ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia paha nā ʻili i kahi kūloko. Ua pau paha ka quagga i ka make ma muli o ka palena o ka hāʻawi ʻana, a ʻo ka mea hiki ke hoʻokūkū me nā holoholona no ka meaʻai. Ua nalowale ka quagga mai ka hapa nui o kāna pae e 1850. ʻO ka heluna hope loa i ka nāhelehele, ʻo Orange, ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka hopena o 1870s.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Quagga
Ua make ka quagga hope loa ma ka Zoo ʻo Amsterdam ma Holland ma ʻAukake 12, 1883. Ua luku ʻia ke kanaka hihiu ma ʻApelika Hema e nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i kekahi manawa i ka makahiki 1878. Ma ka South Africa Red Book, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka quagga ma ke ʻano he mea make. Aia he 23 mau holoholona mea ukana kaulana a puni ka honua, me nā keiki ʻelua a me kahi keiki hānai. Hoʻohui ʻia, ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ka wāwae, ʻehiku mau iwi iwi piha a me nā laʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole i koe. Ua luku ʻia ka laʻana 24 ma Königsberg, Kelemania i ke Kaua Honua II, a ua nalowale kekahi mau iwi iwi a me nā iwi. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻino ma ka hale hōʻikeʻike o ke Kulanui ʻo Kazan.
Mea hoihoi: Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pilina pili loa ma waena o nā quaggas a me nā zebras e noho ana ma nā pāpū, ua hoʻomaka ʻo R. Rau i ka papahana Quagga i ka makahiki 1987 e hana i kahi heluna o nā zebras e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana ma kahi kahawai i hoʻemi ʻia mai ka heluna kanaka o nā zebras maʻamau, me ka pahuhopu e kau iā lākou ma mua pae quagga.
ʻO 19 mau kānaka mai Namibia a me ʻApelika Hema. Koho ʻia lākou no ka mea ua hoʻemi lākou i ka nui o nā kaha ma ke kua o ke kino a me nā wāwae. Ua hānau ʻia ka foal mua o ka papahana i ka makahiki 1988. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi hānai e like me ka quagg, ua hoʻolālā ka poʻe i komo i ka papahana e hoʻokuʻu iā lākou ma Western Cape. ʻO ka hoʻolauna ʻana o kēia mau zebras e like me ka quagga hiki ke lilo i ʻāpana o kahi papahana hoʻihoʻi lehulehu.
ʻO Quagga, nā manu ʻāhiu a me nā ʻōpelu i hui pū i nā wahi hānai i ka wā kahiko hiki ke noho pū i nā wahi mahiʻai kahi e kākoʻo ʻia ai nā mea ulu maoli e ka mahiʻai ʻana. I ka wanaʻao 2006, ua like nā holoholona o ke kolu a me ka hā o nā hanauna i loaʻa i loko o ka papahana o ka papahana i nā kiʻi a me nā quagga i koe. Kūpilikiʻi ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻoiai he mau zebras nā laʻana i loaʻa a like me nā quaggs i ka helehelena wale nō, akā ʻokoʻa nā genetically. ʻAʻole i hoʻomohala ʻia ka ʻenehana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DNA no ka cloning.
Lā paʻi: 07/27/2019
Lā hou: 09/30/2019 ma 21:04
