ʻEnekia lāʻau - kahi mea kupaianaha o ka hoihoi i nā naturalists. Ma kahi o 2500 mau ʻano o kēia mau mea kolo i hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻuhane. Ma muli o ko lākou helehelena, ʻike ʻia lākou he mau haku camouflage (mimicry). Hoʻopili akamai nā pepelu i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā mea kanu: nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā lau nahele, nā lālā maloʻo. Kāhea ʻia kēia hanana he phytomimicry, ka mea i unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo phyton - kahi mea kanu, a me nā mimikos - hoʻohālike. Hoʻohua nā wahine o kekahi ʻano ma o parthenogenesis, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōpio e puka aʻe mai nā hua manu ʻole piha.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Pepelu lāʻau
He paʻakikī ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā ʻuhane (Phasmatodea), a hoʻomaopopo iki ʻole ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nā lālā. Eia hou, nui a hewahewa e pili ana i nā inoa ordinal o nā lālā o kēia hui. No laila, hiki i ka ʻauhau ʻauhau o nā pepeke lāʻau i nā loli pinepine a i kekahi manawa kūʻēʻē loa. ʻO kēia kahi mahele no ka ʻike mau ʻia o nā ʻano hou. Ma ka awelika, mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20, ʻike ʻia he mau kakini ʻauhau hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻoponopono pinepine ʻia nā hopena.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: I loko o kahi pepa i paʻi ʻia ma 2004 e Oliver Zompro, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻo Timematodea mai ka ʻoka insect lāʻau a kau ʻia me Plecoptera a me Embioptera. I ka makahiki 2008 wale nō, ua hoʻokō ʻia kekahi mau hana nui ʻelua, kahi, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻauhau hou a hiki i ka pae o ka ʻohana, ua alakaʻi ʻia hoʻi i ka hāʻawi hou ʻia o nā ʻauhau he nui i ka pae ʻohana.
Ua loaʻa nā pepelu koʻokoʻo kahiko loa i ka Triassic ma Australia. Loaʻa kekahi o nā lālā o ka ʻohana ma ka amber Baltic, Dominican a me Mexico (mai ka Eocene a i ka Miocene). I ka hapanui o nā hihia, he larvae kēia. Mai ka ʻohana fossil Archipseudophasma tidae, no ka laʻana, wehewehe ʻia ka ʻano Archipseudophasma phoenix, Sucinophasma blattodeophila a me Pseudoperla gracilipe mai ka amber Baltic.
I kēia manawa, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumuwaiwai, manaʻo ʻia he nui nā ʻano like me ke ʻano o nā ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe i luna a i ʻole, e like me ka Balticophasma lineata, i hoʻokau ʻia i loko o kā lākou genus iho. Ma waho aʻe o kēia, hōʻike pū nā fossil i ka nui o ka manawa o ka hanana o nā ʻuhane. No laila, ma ka quarry Messel (Kelemania), ua ʻike ʻia kahi paʻi o kahi pepa i kapa ʻia ʻo Eophyllium messelensis, he 47 miliona mau makahiki.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pepeke lāʻau
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau insect lāʻau mai 1.5 cm a i 30 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā lāhui ʻoi loa ʻo Heteropteryx dilatata, hiki i nā wahine ke kaupaona a hiki i ka 65 gram. ʻO kekahi mau ʻuhane he cylindrical, lāʻau kū, a ʻo kekahi he pālahalaha, ʻano lau. Nui ʻole nā ʻano manu ʻole a i ʻole me nā ʻēheu i hoʻēmi ʻia. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka ribcage o nā ʻano ʻēheu ma mua o ko ka ʻaoʻao ʻēheu. I nā ʻano ʻēheu, he hāiki a keratinized nā ʻeheu mua, a ākea nā ʻēheu hope, me nā veins pololei ma ka lōʻihi a me nā veins transverse he nui.
Video: lāʻau kūpala pepelu
ʻO nā iwi ʻaka ka mea like i loko o nā ʻano ʻenekia lāʻau. Lōʻihi a wīwī nā wāwae. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke Autotomy loa (hoʻōla hou). He antennae lōʻihi a lahilahi kekahi. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i nā nīkū nā ʻano maka paʻakikī, akā ʻike ʻia nā lālā māmā i nā kāne ʻēheu wale nō. He ʻōnaehana ʻike nani kā lākou e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i nā kikoʻī a puni a i nā kūlana ʻeleʻele hoʻi, i kūlike me ko lākou nohona pō.
ʻIke leʻaleʻa: Hānau ʻia nā ʻūlū lāʻau me nā maka liʻiliʻi a paʻakikī hoʻi me ka nui o nā helehelena. Ke ulu nei lākou ma o nā molts i kūleʻa, hoʻonui ka helu o nā alo i kēlā me kēia maka me ka nui o nā hunaola photoreceptor. ʻO ka makaʻala o ka maka mākua he ʻumi mau manawa o ka maka o kahi keiki hānau.
I ka lilo ʻana o ka maka i mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, hoʻomaikaʻi pū ʻia nā ʻano hana no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pouli / kukui. ʻO nā maka nunui o nā mākua makua e hoʻopili iā lākou i ka pōʻino o ka radiation. Hōʻike kēia i ke kumu no ka pō nui o nā mākua. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka mālamalama i nā pepeke hou e kōkua iā lākou e hūnā mai nā lau make i kahi a lākou e kiko ai a neʻe i luna i nā lau mālamalama.
ʻO ka mea kolo i kahi kūlana pale i kahi moku catalepsy, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka "waxy palupalu o ke kino." Inā hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau kolo lāʻau i kēia manawa, e noho mau ia i loko o ia no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻOiai ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ke kino ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i kona ʻano. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā pale wāwae wāwae e hāʻawi i ka hoʻonui ke piʻi aʻe, akā ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ma ka pae pae
Ma hea e noho ai ka meaola koʻokoʻo?
Kiʻi: Pepelu lāʻau
Hiki ke loaʻa ka pepeke lāʻau i nā kaiaolaola a puni ka honua, koe wale no ʻo Antarctica a me Patagonia. Nui lākou i nā tropika a me nā subtropics. ʻO ka meaolaolaola nui o nā laha i loaʻa ma Asia Hikina a me ʻAmelika Hema, a ukali ʻia e Australia, ʻAmelika Waena a me ka hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma mua o 300 mau ʻano i noho i ka mokupuni ʻo Borneo, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i wahi momona loa o ka honua no nā moʻolelo weliweli (Phasmatodea).
Aia ma kahi o 1,500 mau ʻano i ʻike ʻia ma ka hikina, me nā ʻano 1,000 i loaʻa i nā neotropical a ma luna o nā ʻano 440 ma Australia. I ke koena o ka laulā, ke emi nei ka helu o nā laha ma Madagascar a ma waena o ʻApelika, a mai ka Hikina kokoke a hiki i ka Palaearctic. Aia kekahi mau lāhui ʻōiwi wale nō ma ke Kaiwaenahonua a me ka Hikina hikina.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano pepeke lāʻau e noho ana ma ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia, ka ʻenekia nui loa ma ka honua. ʻO nā wahine o ka genus ʻo Phobaeticus nā pepeke lōʻihi loa o ka honua, me ka lōʻihi o 56.7 cm i ka hihia o Phobaeticus chani, me nā wāwae hoʻolōʻihi.
ʻO nā wahi lush ka nui o nā ʻāpana. ʻO nā ululāʻau nā mea nui, a keu hoʻi i nā ʻano ulu ulu o ka nahelehele. I nā wahi maloʻo, hoʻemi ka helu o nā laha, a me nā mauna kiʻekiʻe, a no laila nā wahi anuanu. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka genus Monticomorpha ka pae nui loa a aia nō lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5000 mau mika kokoke i ka laina hau ma ka lua pele ʻo Ecuadorian Cotopaxi.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka ʻūlū lāʻau. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka ʻai o ka lāʻau kolo?
Kiʻi: lāʻau kūpala i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻuhane āpau he mau phytophages, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO kekahi o lākou he monopha i loiloi ʻia i kekahi mau mea kanu a i ʻole nā hui mea kanu, e laʻa me, Oreophoetes Peruana, kahi e hānai wale ai i nā ferns. ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe nā mea ʻai nui ʻole loea a manaʻo ʻia he mau mea ulu lāʻau ʻole omnivorous. No ka ʻai ʻana, hele wale lākou me ka palaualelo ma waena o nā mea kanu meaʻai. I ka lā, noho lākou i hoʻokahi wahi a peʻe ma nā mea kanu meaʻai a i ʻole ka honua i kahi papa lau, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli e hoʻomaka lākou e hōʻike i ka hana.
ʻAi nā pepeke lāʻau i nā lau o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau, e ʻūlū iā lākou me nā ā ā paʻa. ʻAi lākou i ka pō e hōʻalo i nā ʻenemi nui. Akā ʻo ka mau ʻana o ka pouli ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka palekana holoʻokoʻa no nā mea kolo, no laila ke akahele loa nā ʻuhane, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka walaʻau. ʻAi wale ka hapanui o nā laha, akā neʻe kekahi ʻano o nā pepeke lāʻau kū ʻAukekulelia i nā hipa nui a hiki ke luku i kekahi lau i ko lākou ala.
ʻOiai nā lālā o ke kauoha he phytophagous, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻano he pests ma nā mea kanu. No laila, i loko o nā māla botanical o Central Europe, ʻike ʻia nā insect i kekahi manawa i pakele a pakele e like me nā mea ʻino. Ua loaʻa: he pepelu lāʻau mai ʻInia (Carausius morosus), mai Vietnam (Artemis), a me nā nūpepa Sipyloidea Sipylus, ka mea i hōʻino nui, no ka laʻana. B. i ka Botanical Garden o Munich. ʻO ka makaʻu o nā holoholona e pakele ana, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi tropical, kiʻekiʻe loa ia; ʻo ka pilina o kekahi ʻano a i ʻole nā hui āpau o nā ʻelala e koi i ka noiʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: He pepelu lāʻau mai ka puke Red
ʻO nā pepeke lāʻau, e like me ka pule ʻana i ka lole, hōʻike i kekahi neʻe e loli ana, kahi e kani ai ka mea kolo mai kekahi ʻaoʻao ai kekahi ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka unuhi maʻamau o kēia hana ka mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka crypsis e ka simulate ʻana i nā mea kanu e neʻe ana i ka makani. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia neʻe ke lilo i mea nui loa ke ʻae lākou i nā ʻenekeke e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea mai ke kua ma o ka neʻe ʻana.
Hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o kēia mau ʻenekini sessile maʻamau ke pani i ka lele ʻana a i ʻole ke holo ʻana ma ke ʻano he kumu o ka neʻe pili e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā mea i mua. ʻO kekahi mau mea kolo lāʻau, e like me Anisomorpha buprestoides, i kekahi manawa hana i nā hui he nui. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea kolo e ʻākoakoa i ke ao ma kahi hūnā, e holoholo ana i ka pō e ʻai ai a hoʻi i ko lākou malu ma mua o ka wanaʻao. Hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻole ʻia kēia ʻano, a pehea e ʻike ai nā ʻenekope i ko lākou ala hoʻi ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻO ka manawa hoʻomohala o nā embryos i kahi hua manu, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano laha, ma kahi o ʻekolu a ʻumikūmālua mau mahina, i nā hihia kūikawā a ʻekolu mau makahiki. Lilo ka hua i nā pepeke makua ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻumikūmālua mau mahina. ʻOi aku i nā ʻālohilohi a ʻokoʻa pinepine i ke kala mai ko lākou mau mākua. Hōʻike nā ʻano me ka ʻole a me ka waihoʻoluʻu hōʻemi ʻole i nā kala mālamalama o nā mākua ma hope, e laʻa me Paramenexenus laetus a i ʻole Mearnsiana bullosa.
I nā ʻuhane, noho ka wahine wahine ma ka awelika ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā kāne, ʻo ia hoʻi mai ʻekolu mahina a i ka makahiki, a ʻo nā kāne ʻekolu a ʻelima paha mahina. Noho wale kekahi o nā pepeke lāʻau i hoʻokahi mahina. ʻO ke makahiki kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ma luna o ʻelima mau makahiki, ua hoʻokō ʻia e kahi wahine Haabella scabra i hopu wale ʻia mai Sabah. Ma ka laulaha, nui nā lālā o ka ʻohana Hetropterygigae e kūpaʻa loa.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: pepeke lāʻau nunui
ʻO ka moʻo o nā lāʻau kolo i kekahi mau pālua he mea mahalo i kona lōʻihi. Hōʻike ka moʻolelo insect i ka ʻano Necroscia, i loaʻa ma India, nona nā pāʻani moena i hala no 79 mau lā. Lawe pinepine kēia laha i kahi kūlana moʻa no kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule i ka lālani. A i nā ʻano e like me Diapheromera veliei a me D. covilleae, hiki ke hala i ka male ʻana mai ʻekolu a i ka 136 mau hola. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana ma waena o nā kāne hoʻokūkū e ʻike ʻia ma D. veiliei a me D. covilleae. I loko o kēia mau hālāwai, hoʻokokoke aku ka hoa paio i ke kāne e hana i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine e ālai i ka pūnaewele paʻa.
Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, hahau ka wahine i ka mea hoʻokūkū. ʻO ka maʻa mau i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine a pā i ka mea komo hewa ua lawa ia e pale ai i ka hoʻokūkū makemake ʻole ʻia, akā i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ka mea hoʻokūkū i nā hana maʻalea e inseminate ka wahine. ʻOiai ka hānai a ka wahine a hānai a koi ʻia e hoʻokuʻu i ka lewa dorsal, hiki i ka mea komo hewa ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine a hoʻokomo i kāna genital. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke komo a kahi mea komo hewa i loko o ka ʻōpū o kahi wahine, hopena ia i ka pani o ka hoa ma mua.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pepelu lāʻau, i hoʻohui ʻia me ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hānau ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohua i nā keiki me ka ʻole o ka hoa, e waiho ana i nā hua hua ʻole. No laila, ʻaʻole pili lākou i nā kāne, no ka mea ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka momona. I ka hihia o ka parthenogenesis akomi, kahi set of haploid chromosome o ka hua manu, hānau nā pēpē me nā kope pololei o ka makuahine.
No ka hoʻomohala hou a me ke ola ʻana o nā laha, pono ke komo ʻana o nā kāne e momona i kekahi o nā hua. Maʻalahi no nā pepeke lāʻau e noho ana i nā ʻohana e loaʻa nā hoa - ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā laha e maʻa mau i ka noho hoʻokahi. Hūnā nā wahine o kēia ʻano i nā pheromones kūikawā e ʻae iā lākou e ʻumeʻume kāne. 2 mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, waiho ka wahine i voluminous, hua e like me ka ʻanoʻano (ma kahi o 300). ʻO nā keiki e puka aʻe mai ka hua manu ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka metamorphosis e kiʻi wikiwiki i ke kumu meaʻai.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā kolo lāʻau
Kiʻi: Pepelu lāʻau
ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā ʻuhane nā manu e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai i ka mauʻu, a ma waena hoʻi o nā lau a me nā lālā. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo pale nui no ka hapanui o nā ʻano mea kolo lāʻau camouflage, ʻoi aku ka pololei, hoʻohālike i nā mea make a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ola o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopili nā pepelu lāʻau i nā ʻano palekana camouflage aʻe:
- noho paʻa ʻole inā pā ʻia a mai hoʻāʻo e holo a pale aku paha;
- hoʻoluliluli, hoʻohālike i nā ʻāwili o nā mea kanu i ka makani;
- e hoʻololi i ko lākou kala malamalama i ke ao i kahiʻeleʻele i ka pō ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻuʻana o nā homone. Hiki i ka hopena o nā homoni ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili a hoʻonui ʻana paha o nā hua ʻalani-ʻulaʻula i nā hunaola kala o ka ʻili, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi;
- piholo wale i ka honua kahi paʻakikī e ʻike iā lākou ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka mea kanu;
- hāʻule koke i ka honua, a laila, hopu i ka manawa, holo wikiwiki;
- hoʻoweliweli kekahi mau laha i ka poʻe hoʻouka kaua ma ka hohola ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu e ʻike ʻia he nui aku;
- walaʻau kekahi me ko lākou mau ʻeheu a i ʻole nā tentacles;
- I mea e pale aku ai i nā mea ʻino, hiki i nā laha ke hoʻoheheʻe i kēlā me kēia lālā i nā wahi haʻihaʻi i koho ʻia ma waena o ka ʻūhā a me ka ʻūhā a kokoke e pani iā lākou i ka wā o ka ʻili aʻe.
Eia nō hoʻi, loaʻa i nā ʻuhane nā gland pūʻali koa i kapa ʻia. Hoʻopuka kēia mau ʻano i kā lākou wai huna i loko o nā lua o ka pahu, aia ma luna o nā wāwae mua. Hiki i nā mea huna ke honi ikaika a unappetizing maʻamau, a i ʻole loaʻa nā kemikona koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO nā mea kikoʻī, loaʻa i nā lālā o ka ʻohana Pseudophasmatidae kahi huna huhū e ʻino pinepine a me nā membrane mucous.
ʻO kekahi hoʻolālā maʻamau no nā ʻano nui e like me Eurycanthini, Extatosomatinae, a me Heteropteryginae ke keʻehi aku i nā ʻenemi. Hoʻonui kēia mau holoholona i ko lākou mau wāwae hope, hoʻoili ʻia i ka lewa, a noho mau i kēia kūlana a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻenemi. A laila kuʻi lākou i ka hoa paio me ko lākou mau wāwae hoʻohui. Hoʻomaʻa hou ʻia kēia hana i nā wā kūpono ʻole a hiki i ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hoa paio a i ʻole hei ʻia, a he mea ʻeha loa ia ma muli o nā kui ma nā wāwae hope.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pepeke lāʻau
ʻEhā mau ʻano i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau, ʻelua mau ʻano ma ke kaʻe o ka make, ua helu ʻia kekahi ʻano e like me ka mea ʻaneʻane pau, a ʻo kekahi ma ke ʻano he make.
Aia kēia mau ʻano:
- Carausius scotti - ma ke kaʻe o ka make, endemik i ka mokupuni liʻiliʻi o Silhouette, kahi ʻāpana o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Seychelles;
- ʻO dryococelus australis - ma ke kaʻe o ka make. Ua luku ʻia ia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Lord Howe (Moana Pākīpika) e nā ʻiole i lawe ʻia mai ma laila. Ma hope, mahalo i nā mea i loaʻa hou, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papahana hānau hānau pio;
- ʻO Graeffea seychellensis kahi ʻaneʻane make loa he endemika i nā Seychelles;
- ʻO Pseudobactricia ridleyi kahi ʻano luku loa. ʻIke ʻia ia i kēia manawa mai kahi hoʻohālikelike wale nō i ʻike ʻia 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei i nā tropics ma ka Malay Peninsula ma Singapore.
Hiki ke hōʻino nui i nā ululāʻau, keu hoʻi i nā monocultures. Mai Nuhōlani a ʻAmelika Hema, hoʻolauna i nā lāhui o Echetlus evoneobertii i ka eucalyptus Brazil - nona nā mea kanu i hoʻoweliweli nui ʻia. Ma Australia ponoʻī, hana pinepine ʻo Didymuria violescens i nā ululāʻau mauna o New South Wales a me Victoria i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua. No laila, i ka makahiki 1963, ua hoʻolilo ʻole ʻia he haneli mau kilomika kilomika o ka nahele lāʻau eucalyptus i mea ʻole.
Kiaʻi pepeke koʻokoʻo
Kiʻi: He pepelu lāʻau mai ka puke Red
ʻAʻoleʻike iki ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻoweliweli i nā lehulehu ʻuhane ma muli o kona ʻano malū. Eia nō naʻe, he nui ka hopena o ka luku ʻana i ka nohona a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā mea ʻino i nā ʻano mea e noho ana i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, e like me nā mokupuni a i ʻole nā wahi kūlohelohe. ʻO ka helehelena o ka iole ʻeleʻele ma ka mokupuni ʻo Lord Howe ma 1918alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua pau ka heluna kanaka o Dryococelus australis i ka pau i ka makahiki 1930. ʻO ka loaʻa wale ʻana o kahi heluna kānaka ma lalo o 30 mau holoholona 23 km mai ka moku kokoke mai, ʻo Ball's Pyramid, i hōʻike i kona ola. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka heluna kanaka a no ka mea ʻo ka wahi o nā holoholona i loaʻa ma laila ua kaupalena ʻia i 6 mx 30 m wale nō, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hana i kahi papahana hānau.
Hōʻike hou nā kipa hou ʻana i nā wahi kikoʻī ʻaʻole kēia he hanana kaʻawale. No laila, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Parapachymorpha spinosa i ka hopena o ka 1980 ma kahi kokoke i ke kahua o Pak Chong ma Thailand. No nā laha me ka puʻunaue liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaka ʻia nā hana pale e nā loea a me nā mea aloha. ʻIke ʻia i ka makahiki 2004 ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Peru, loaʻa ka ʻāpana velevet (Peruphasma schultei) ma kahi o ʻelima mau hectare wale nō.
ʻOiai aia kekahi mau ʻano endemik ʻē aʻe ma ia wahi, ua pale ʻia e ke aupuni Peruvian. ʻO ka NGO INIBICO (ʻo ka hui kaiaulu o Peru) kahi ʻāpana o kahi hui manawaleʻa. Ua hoʻomaka kekahi papahana no ka poʻe kamaʻāina o ka Cordillera del Condor National Park i kahi polokalamu hoʻouluulu freak velvet. ʻO ka papahana, i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻomaka ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki 2007, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopakele a kūʻai aku paha i ka hapalua o nā keiki. Mahalo i nā poʻe pā o phasmids, mālama ʻia kēia ʻano i kāna papa inoa a hiki i kēia lā. lāʻau kolo ʻo ia kekahi o nā phasmids maʻamau i ka terrarium.
Lā paʻi: 07/24/2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 19:47
