Penguin liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā penguins āpau ma ka honua. I nā ʻano kumuwaiwai like ʻole, ʻike ʻia lākou ma lalo o nā inoa like ʻole - uliuli penguin, penguin - elf, penguin kupaianaha. Manaʻo ka lehulehu kūloko i ka holoholona i hōʻailona, a hoʻomana hoʻomana iā ia. Ua ukali loa nā ʻepekema a me nā kānaka noiʻi no kekahi manawa lōʻihi i kēia mau ʻelele o flora a me nā holoholona, ua aʻo i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola a me nā ʻano maʻamau. Ua hiki i ka Zoologists ka hopena e ʻike ʻia lākou e ka ikehu a me ka neʻe kupaianaha loa, i loaʻa ʻole i nā penguin.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Little Penguin
ʻO ka penguin liʻiliʻi kahi lunamakaʻāinana o ke aupuni holoholona, e like me chordates, ka papa o nā manu, ke penguiniformes kauoha, ka ʻohana penguin, ka genus a me nā ʻano o nā penguins liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka homeland mōʻaukala o nā penguins polū hou, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hemisphere hema. Ua mālama ʻia nā mea i loaʻa i nā kūpuna kahiko o nā penguins hou i ka panalāʻau o New Zealand, ʻAmelika Hema, ʻApelika, nā Pae ʻo Galapogos.
Video: ʻO Penguin liʻiliʻi
Hōʻike nā ʻike kahiko loa e noho ana kēia mau ʻelele o nā flora a me nā holoholona i ka honua i ka wā Eocene, ma kahi o 45-43 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā kūpuna kahiko o nā manu o kēia manawa he nui ka nui o ke kino. ʻO ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa i wehewehe ʻia e ka zoologist, ka mea noiʻi ʻo Norsheld, ka mea nona ka inoa o ka penguin. Ua kiʻekiʻe iki kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kanaka, a ua like kona kaumaha o ke kino me 120 kilokilo. ʻAʻole ʻae nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā kūpuna mua loa o nā penguins hou e noho nei ma kahi o 100 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO Penguins, kahi i hala he mau miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ka helehelena mai nā kānaka o kēia ao. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ka hiki i nā kūpuna kahiko o nā penguins polū hou e lele. ʻO nā kamaʻāina hou o ka hemisphere hema he nui nā ʻano like me ka tubenose. Ma hope o ka nui o nā noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe ʻepekema he mau kūpuna like paha kā lākou.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Penguin uliuli iki
He ʻano kikoʻī a hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi ko ka penguin liʻiliʻi. Hōʻikeʻike ʻole ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i kēia ʻano manu. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino o ke kanaka makua hoʻokahi he 1.3-1.5 kilokika. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino i 35 mau kenimika. Pena ʻia ke kino i nā waihoʻoluʻu like i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke poʻo a me ka ʻaoʻao hope i ʻeleʻele uliuli, akā polū. ʻO keʻokeʻo o ka poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. Ua lilo nā forelimbs i flip. ʻO ka awelika o ka lōʻihi o nā lālā luna he 111-117 millimeter. ʻEleʻele lākou. Aia me ke kōkua o kēia mau palaka ke hiki i nā penguin ke noho i loko o ka wai no kahi manawa lōʻihi a ʻauʻau wikiwiki. Ma kahi o nā auricle, pena ʻia ke kino i loko o kahi ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele ke kala.
He poʻo liʻiliʻi ko Penguins a poepoe. He nuku elongated kona ma mua o 5 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi a me nā maka liʻiliʻi a puni. ʻO ka iris o nā manu ke kala hazel a i ʻole ka polū me kahi aniani hina. ʻEleʻele ka nuku, ʻeleʻele i ka umauma. ʻĀpala nā lālā lalo i luna, ʻekolu manamana. He mānoanoa, ʻoi aku, a lōʻihi hoʻi nā māiʻuʻu lōʻihi o nā manamana lima. Aia nā membrane ma waena o nā manamana wāwae o nā ʻaoʻao lalo, kahi e kōkua ai i ka manu e ʻauʻau. ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā lālā o lalo, ʻeleʻele ke kala.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ke oʻo makua, pouli ko lākou nuku a me ke ʻano o ka plumage i ka ʻaoʻao hope.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā manu i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 6-7 mau makahiki. Ma lalo o nā kūlana hana, me ka lawa o ka meaʻai a me ka mālama pono, hiki i ke ola ke kolu. ʻO nā penguins liʻiliʻi, e like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka laha, loaʻa i ka plumage nui loa. Pale lākou mai ke anuanu e ka aila a me ka momona subcutaneile. ʻO nā penguins polū, e like me nā lālā o kēia ʻohana, he huelo poepoe liʻiliʻi.
Ma hea e noho ai ka penguin liʻiliʻi?
Kiʻi: Little penguin i ke kūlohelohe
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia nā heluna kanaka o kēia mau manu kupaianaha i nā wahi like ʻole o ka hemisphere hema.
Nā ʻāpana ʻāina o ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana o nā penguins liʻiliʻi:
- ʻAmelika Hema;
- Kili;
- Nuhōlani;
- Tasmania;
- Aotearoa;
- Āina Pilipino.
ʻO kahi nohona punahele no nā manu kahi ʻāina o nā kahakai, kahi maʻalahi no lākou e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai a huli i nā molluscs a me nā crustacean. I kēia lā, hoʻomau mau ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lehulehu manu hou i nā wahi like ʻole o ka hemisphere hema. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻike ka poʻe ʻike maka i nā penguins e noho kokoke ana i nā wahi noho kanaka. ʻO kahi mea e pono ai no ka noho ʻana ke alo o kahi waihona wai. Noho nā manu ma ka ʻāina, akā ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou a loaʻa wale ka meaʻai i ka wai.
ʻO nā penguins uliuli ka mea nui o ka sedentary. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i nā pūnana kahi e hānau ai lākou i nā moa. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i ko lākou pūnana i nā wahi hiki ʻole ke hūnā ʻia - nā ʻūlū, nā lua, nā ana, i nā nāhelehele mānoanoa o nā nāhelehele, ma lalo o nā hana pōhaku. Noho ka hapa nui o nā lehulehu ma kahakai pōhaku, i nā sabana, i nā ulu lāʻau ulu.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hapa nui o kā lākou penguins manawa pilikino e hoʻolilo i ka wai. Hoʻi lākou i ko lākou pūnana ma ka pō wale nō, i ʻole e hōʻike i kona wahi i ka poʻe hōkū. I kekahi manawa, me ka lawa ʻole o ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, e holo mamao loa ana mai kahakai.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai nā penguins polū liʻiliʻi. E nānā kāua i ka mea a lākou e ʻai ai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka penguin liʻiliʻi?
Kiʻi: nā penguins liʻiliʻi
ʻO ke kumu meaʻai nui o nā penguins ʻōpio ke ola kai, ka iʻa nui. Lilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i ka wai. Me ka hoʻomaka o kahi lā hou, hele lākou i ka wai e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī a hoʻi wale i ke ahiahi.
He aha ka mea lawelawe i kahua meaʻai no nā penguins liʻiliʻi:
- iʻa liʻiliʻi;
- pūpū;
- crustaceans;
- heleuma;
- heʻe;
- ʻōlapa;
- plankton;
- sardinia
Ma muli o ko lākou nui, hiki i nā penguins polū ke luʻu i kahi hohonu o ʻelua mau mika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kau ʻana ma lalo o ka wai ma kahi o iwakālua kekona. ʻO ka luʻu moʻolelo o kēia ʻano 35 mika, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma lalo o ka wai he 50 kekona.
He maikaʻi nā maka o nā holoholona, kahi e kuhikuhi ai i ke aupuni o ka wai. ʻO ke kino i kahawai, ke kū o nā peʻa a me nā membrane ma nā lālā hope e ʻae iā ʻoe e hiki i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 5-6 km / h i ka alualu ʻana i ka mea pio.
ʻO ka ʻimi pūʻulu ka mea maʻamau no nā manu. Pinepine i ka wanaʻao hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā lākou e lele i loko o ka wai i nā hui nui a hoʻi hou. I loko o ka wai, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻouka wale i ke kula o ka iʻa ʻauʻau a hopu i kēlā me kēia mea hiki iā lākou. Inā liʻiliʻi ka iʻa a iʻa paha, ʻai nā penguins iā lākou i loko o ka wai. Huki lākou i ka mea pio nui ma ka ʻāina a mahele ia i mau ʻāpana.
ʻAʻole makaʻu nā Penguins i ke anuanu a me nā wā maikaʻi ʻole a ʻoluʻolu i ka wai a i ke kau anuanu. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka nui o nā meaʻai e pono ai, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i mau mile he ʻumi. Pono nā Penguins i ka nui o ka ikaika a me ka ikaika no nā luʻu he nui, a i kekahi manawa koi ʻia he kakini.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Penguin uliuli iki
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā penguins elf nā manu nocturnal. Eia naʻe, me ka hoʻomaka o ke kakahiaka hele lākou i ke kai a hoʻi wale i ke ahiahi.
Noho manu ʻole, a noho i kekahi panalāʻau, pūnana a noho ma luna o ia no ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola. Nui lili lākou i ka pale ʻana i ko lākou wahi noho. Ma mua o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i kahi malihini kipa ʻole ʻia, ua ao aku ka penguin liʻiliʻi iā ia, a laila wale nō e hoʻouka kaua ai. Inā komo kekahi i kāna wahi a hoʻokokoke i kahi mamao kokoke ma mua o ʻelua mau mika, hohola ʻo ia i kona mau ʻeheu a ʻuā me ka leo nui, nāwaliwali, e hōʻike ana i kona mākaukau e pale aku i kona wahi noho.
Mea hoihoi: ʻOiai ka liʻiliʻi o lākou, ua manaʻo ʻia he mau manu huro uliuli iki. I ke kaʻina hana o ka pale ʻana i ko lākou wahi e noho ai, ke kamaʻilio ʻana o kēlā me kēia hui o kekahi me kekahi, i pālua me kekahi, hana pinepine lākou i nā leo nui, e lele ana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu,
I ka wā hoʻoulu a me ka wā hānau, ʻauʻau nā manu mai kahakai ma ka awelika 10-13 mau kilomita a hoʻomau i ka ʻimi no ka meaʻai no 9-12 mau hola. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻole lākou e neʻe i mua o 20 mau mile mai ke kahakai, koe wale nō nā hihia o ka nui o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hapanui hele mai lākou i uka mai ka wai i ka pouli. ʻAʻole paha kēia e lilo i poʻe makaʻī ʻia e ka poʻe hōkai.
Hoʻolālā nā Penguins i ka hapa nui o kā lākou manawa e nānā ana i ka plumage. Ma ka wahi o ka huelo he mau glands kūikawā e hūnā i ka momona. ʻAila kā nā manu iā lākou me ka hulu i ʻole lākou e pulu i ka wai.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: ʻohana o nā penguins liʻiliʻi
Hoʻopiʻi nā kāne i nā wahine ma o kekahi mau kani. Hoʻolahalaha lākou i ko lākou ʻāʻī, pelu aku i ko lākou mau ʻeheu ma hope o ko lākou kua a hoʻokuʻu i kahi kani kauō loa e like me ka ʻūlū. Mālama mau nā penguins polū e hana i nā pālua monogamous, paʻa a paʻa loa.
Aia ke kau hānau i ke kau kau wela a hoʻomau ia mai ka mua o Iune a i ka waena o Kepakemapa. I kēia wā, pūnana nā manu, e ʻike i nā wahi mehameha - i nā ʻāpana o nā pōhaku, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, i nā wahi pali. I hoʻokahi hui, aia ka mamao o nā pūnana mai kekahi i kekahi ma ka awelika 2-2.5 mika. I loko o ka manawa o ka hānau a me ka hānau ʻana, hoʻemi loa ʻia kēia mamao.
Ma hope o ka pālua ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomoe ka wahine i kāna mau hua i kāna pūnana. No hoʻokahi paʻa, kau ʻo ia i 1-3 mau hua keʻokeʻo he kaupaona he 50-55 gram. A laila hatch nā hua no 30-40 mau lā. Hoʻokomo ka makuahine me ka hū i nā hua i ka hapanui o ka manawa. Hoʻololi nā kāne o ke kāne kāne i kā lākou hapalua ma ka pou i kēlā me kēia lā he 3-4, i hiki i nā wahine ke hele i ke kai a hōʻoluʻolu iā lākou iho.
I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope mai, puka mai nā moa mai nā hua manu. Kau paona ʻia nā penguins hānau he 35-50 gram. Uhi ʻia ko lākou kino i ka fluff. Noho lākou i kahi manawa lōʻihi lōʻihi e noho ana i ka pūnana o ka makua. No kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi mahina holoʻokoʻa, hāʻawi ka wahine a me nā kāne i nā meaʻai na kā lāua keiki. A laila, hele mālie, hele aku nā keiki moa me nā mākua i ke kai e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai iho. I loko o ka mahina aʻe, mālama ka wahine a me nā kāne i ka palekana o kā lāua pua.
Ke hiki i nā keiki hānau hou i ke kaupaona ma kahi o 900-1200 gram, lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa a mākaukau hoʻi no kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Hiki i nā Penguins ke ʻōpio i ka makahiki o 3 mau makahiki. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā penguins o kēia ʻano e ka hānau hou ʻana me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā makahiki. Hōʻoia ʻia ʻepekema hoʻi ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lako o nā penguins, ʻoi aku ka momona o lākou.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka penguin liʻiliʻi
Kiʻi: nā penguins liʻiliʻi i ke kūlohelohe
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻia e nā predators, hele nā penguins i ke kai i ka wanaʻao ke ʻeleʻele nei. Hoʻi lākou i ko lākou home ke hele a napoʻo ka lā a ʻeleʻele hoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai, he nui nā ʻenemi o lākou āpau i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
ʻO nā ʻenemi o nā penguins:
- manō;
- nā sila;
- kohola kohola;
- Limu Pākīpika;
- ʻīlio;
- aloha;
- ʻiole;
- ʻalopeke;
- nā pōpoki;
- kekahi ʻano moʻo o ka moʻo.
Hāʻawi pū ke kāne a me kāna mau hana i ka emi o ka helu o nā penguin. ʻO ka haumia mau o ko lākou wahi maoli, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke kai a me nā moana o kahi nui o nā ʻōpala, ʻōpala, a me nā huahana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka aila e hōʻemi ana i ko lākou wahi noho. Pilikino loa nā manu i ka haumia o ko lākou kaiapuni, me nā kino wai kahi e hānai ai iā lākou iho a me kā lākou pua.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma kahi pālākiō ʻoihana e alakaʻi i ka hoʻopau a hoʻopau ʻana i ka lako o nā meaʻai no nā holoholona. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, uhi nā penguins i kahi mamao loa. ʻO ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kahua meaʻai i ka wā hānau, ke pono e hānai nā mākua ʻaʻole iā lākou iho wale nō, akā ʻo kā lākou keiki, ʻo ia ka mea nui. Noho ka nui o kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi, kamahaʻo i ka zoo ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Liʻiliʻi, a penguin polū paha
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka nui o nā penguin polū. Wahi a nā ʻike mua, ua manaʻo ʻia ka helu o kēia heluna kanaka ma 1,000,000 mau kānaka. I kekahi mau wahi, aia ka emi pinepine o kēlā me kēia kanaka, i kumu ʻia e nā hoʻouka kaua a me nā mea haumia o ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā manu.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻohaumia o ke kahakai me ka home a me nā ʻano ʻōpala ʻē aʻe i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka hoʻohua hua o nā penguins polū. ʻO ka hopena o ka hana a ke kanaka i ke ʻano o ka haumia o nā wahi nui me ka ʻōpala mai ka ʻoihana hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila e waiho nei i nā penguins maoli me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai.
Ke hōʻike nui nei ka hoihoi o ka poʻe i kēia mau mea ʻano ʻē. Ma mua o ka hapalua miliona mau mākaʻikaʻi e kipa aku i ko lākou wahi noho maoli i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Pīhoihoi loa ka poʻe kipa a me nā mākaʻikaʻi i ka hiʻona o ka walaʻau o nā manu nani loa e kū mai ana mai ke kai i ka napoo ʻana o ka lā a e holoholo nei i ko lākou pūnana. I kekahi mau hihia, hāʻule nā penguins polū i nā poachers nāna e hoʻopaʻa i nā manu e kūʻai aku iā lākou ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele.
Ua hoʻokumu nā Zoologists i kēlā penguin liʻiliʻi aia nō paha e like me nā holoholona, a me nā nursery a me nā pāka aupuni. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o kēia mau manu he 7-8 makahiki. Ke mālama ʻia i nā kūlana maikaʻi me ka lawa pono o ka meaʻai, hoʻonui ke kali o ke ola ma kahi o ʻekolu mau manawa.
Lā paʻi: 21.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 18:18
