Māhele ʻike nui ʻia ma muli o kona inoa. Noho lākou ma ʻAmelika Hema mamao, ʻike liʻiliʻi lākou i nā zoo, akā kakaikahi ka poʻe i lohe ʻole i kēia mau holoholona me ke ʻano ʻoi loa ka palaualelo o nā mea āpau. He lohi loa lākou, akā ʻaʻole no ka palaualelo, akā no ka mea lohi loa ka metabolism, a ʻaʻole ʻae ke ʻano o ke kino iā lākou e wikiwiki.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Sloth
Hana nā Sloths i kahi subivory Folivora āpau, kahi e pili ana i ke ʻano o edentious. Ua ola ʻohana ʻelua a hiki i kēia lā: sloths toed to three or Bradypodidae, i wehewehe ʻia e D. Gray i ka 1821; sloths toed-two, ʻo Megalonychidae kekahi - ua wehewehe ʻia e P. Gervais i ka makahiki 1855.
Ma mua, ua manaʻo nā ʻepekema iā lākou he pili pili - ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻano like lākou i ka helehelena. Akā laila ua hoʻololi ʻia he hiʻohiʻona kēia o ka evolution evolution - ʻoiai no ka ʻoka like lākou, ʻaʻole pili i kekahi i kekahi ma mua o nā anteater, a ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou mau kūpuna. ʻO nā kūpuna kokoke loa o nā sloths toed toed he nui ka nui a hele wāwae ma ka honua.
Wikiō: Sloth
ʻO nā lāhui ʻōiwi mua loa i hoʻi i ka Cretaceous a ua ola i ka make nui i hōʻailona i kona hopena. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hōʻea i ko lākou kūlana kiʻekiʻe: 30-40 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, he ʻumi mau manawa o ka sloths i noho ma ka honua ma mua o kēia manawa, a ʻo ka mea nui o lākou e like me ka nui o kahi ʻelepani.
Noho lākou i ʻAmelika Hema i kēlā manawa, a ʻaʻohe hoʻokūkū, i hiki ai ke ʻike hou aʻe i nā ʻano hou. Akā laila ua hui ʻo ʻAmelika Hema me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau - i ka wā mua ua ʻae lākou iā lākou e hoʻonui i ko lākou pae, neʻe i laila, akā ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻokūkū, ua hoʻomaka ka make o nā ʻano he nui.
Hoʻomaka kēia kaʻina hana ma kahi o 12 miliona mau makahiki BC, ua pili mua ia i ka nui loa o lākou, a laila nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi - ua hiki i kekahi mau sloths nui ke hopu i kahi kanaka, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā māka ma nā mea hana ma ko lākou iwi a me nā koena o nā ʻili i hana ʻia. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi wale nō o lākou i hiki ke ola.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Palau i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO nā nui, e like me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, ʻokoʻa paha e pili ana i nā ʻano, akā ʻaʻole nui loa. Ma ke ʻano he 50-60 knm ko lākou lōʻihi a ʻo 5-6 kg ke kaupaona. Uhi ʻia ke kino i ka lauoho huluhulu ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka manawa pinepine he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo kona ma muli o nā limu i hiki ke ulu pono i loko ona - ʻae kēia i nā sloths e ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā lau.
ʻOluʻu ke kapa komo a lōʻihi, ulu nui ke poʻo me ia a i kekahi manawa ʻike wale ʻia kona mau maka. Hoʻohālike nā sloths me nā ʻīlio, akā aia wale lākou i kahi pilina mamao loa me lākou, ʻo kā lākou holoholona pili loa he anteater.
He ʻaʻala maikaʻi ko lākou, akā ʻo kēia wale nō kahi mea ulu i ulu maikaʻi - ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka lohe a me ka ʻike i ka acuity. ʻAʻohe o nā aʻa o ko lākou niho, a me ka enamel, a no laila ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou me he mea ʻole. He ʻelua ʻāpana o ka iwi poʻo, ua hoʻokau ʻia ka lolo i hoʻokahi o lākou, he liʻiliʻi ia a he mau huikau kona.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia lākou e ke ʻano o nā manamana lima - he ʻumi lākou a ʻano like me nā lou. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e noʻonoʻo nui i nā kumulāʻau, e hāʻawi ana i nā makika i kahi poʻo e hoʻomaka i ko lākou hiki ke piʻi - ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ka wikiwiki a lākou e hana ai.
Hoʻohui ʻia nā sloth āpau e ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka inoa no lākou - lohi. Ma waena o nā māmela āpau, ʻo lākou ka mea wikiwiki ʻole, a neʻe mālie ʻole lākou, akā lohi loa, a ma ka laulā hoʻāʻo lākou e hana i ka liʻiliʻi o nā neʻe.
ʻO G. Fernandez de Oviedo y Valdez, kekahi o nā mea mua e haku i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i wehewehe i ka palau ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopailua loa a mea ʻole hoʻi i ʻike maka ʻia e ia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae nā mea āpau me ia - nui nā malihini kipa i nā zoo i aloha nui iā lākou, a me nā mākaʻikaʻi e ʻike iā lākou i ke kūlohelohe.
Ma hea e noho ai ka palau?
Kiʻi: Sloth hoʻomākeʻaka
Loaʻa i kēia mau holoholona kahi metabolism lohi a me ka mahana o ke kino, a no laila pono lākou i ka mehana a noho wale lākou i nā wahi me kahi ʻano mahana. ʻO ko lākou homeland ʻo South and Central America, kahi e noho ai lākou i nā wahi ākea. Noho lākou i kēlā me kēia manawa i loko o nā ululāʻau ulu, pinepine pinepine ma kahi mamao loa mai kēlā me kēia.
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻākau loa kahi e noho ai nā sloth toed toed ʻelua ʻo Nicaragua, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā sloths three-toed ʻākau ma Honduras. Mai kēia mau mokuʻāina a i ka hema, noho lākou i ke koena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a me nā ʻāina e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Lākina.
ʻO nā palena hema o ka laulā o ka sloth toed ʻelua e moe ana i ka ʻākau o Peru. Noho lākou ma Colombia a me Venezuela, ma nā moku ʻākau o Brazil. ʻO ka laulā o ka sloth three-toed ʻoi aku ka laulā, ʻaʻole pili wale i nā ʻāina like, akā pāhola hoʻi i ka hema.
Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma ʻEkuador, ma waena o Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia a me Uruguay, a ma ka ʻĀkau ʻo Argentina. No laila, noho lākou kokoke ma waena o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he nui ka nui o lākou: i loko o ka pae aia paha he mau ākea ākea kahi e loaʻa ʻole kahi sloth.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO ka mea wale nō e haʻalele ai ka sloth i ka lāʻau ʻo ia ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū. Inā hana kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe i kēia me ka iho ʻole i lalo, a laila hele mau ka sloth i ka honua, ʻoiai lākou ka makaʻu nui i ka hopu ʻia ʻana e kahi mea ʻino i kēia mau manawa.
Hoʻohui, lawe ka iho iā lākou i mau manawa he nui - he huakaʻi hoʻi a hoʻi i hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hapalua o ka lā. Akā ʻaʻole paʻakikī lākou e ninini i ko lākou ʻōpū, ma kahi o hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. Ma hope o kēlā, kanu kanu pono lākou i kā lākou mau feces i ka lepo.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i ka mea a ka moloā e ʻai ai. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka palau?
Kiʻi: Sloth ma ʻAmelika
ʻO kā lākou papa kuhikuhi:
- lau a pua o nā kumu lāʻau;
- huaʻai;
- nā mea kolo;
- nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi.
No ka hapa nui, ʻai lākou i nā lau, a ʻo nā mea āpau wale nō e hoʻopili wale i kā lākou papaʻai. Aloha nui lākou iā cecropia - nā lau a me nā pua. I ke pio ʻana, pono ia e hāʻawi iā lākou, no ka mea, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i nā sloths i nā zoo. Makemake lākou e ʻai i nā ʻōpio.
ʻAʻole lākou e alualu i nā moʻo a me nā mea kolo, akā inā kokoke lākou e waiho a hopu ʻia lākou, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai pū. Kū pinepine kēia ma muli o ka lohi o nā sloths - ʻo ka maʻamau ke pakele wale ka mea pio iā lākou, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka nau ʻana i nā lau.
Kūpilikiʻi ka ʻōpū o nā sloths a hoʻohālikelike ʻia e huki ai i nā huina kūpono āpau mai ka meaʻai e komo ana i loko. ʻO ke koena o kā lākou ʻōnaehana digestive he paʻakikī hoʻi, kahi e uku ai i ka waiwai momona haʻahaʻa o nā lau. Kōkua nā koʻohune Symbiotic i ka sloths digestion.
Lōʻihi loa ka manawa o ka ʻai ʻana, no kekahi mau pule. ʻAʻole maʻalahi kēia, no ka mea ʻoi aku i ka 65% o ke kino o ka sloth ke lilo i meaʻai i ʻeli ʻia i loko o kāna ʻōpū - paʻakikī e hāpai iā ia.
Akā ʻae kēia iā lākou, inā pono, ʻaʻole e ʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi - maʻa mau ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā wīwī i ka wī a lilo ka ikaika, akā he ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia no nā sloths. Eia hou, ma muli o ka lohi o ka metabolism, ʻaʻole makaʻu lākou i nā mea ʻawahia i loko o nā lau o kekahi mau lāʻau i ko lākou wahi noho.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Kahalaha liʻiliʻi
ʻOkoʻa ka manawa o ka makaʻala e nā ʻano laha - e laʻa, e ala ana nā sloth three-toed a e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai i ka lā, akā ʻo nā sloth toed toed ʻelua, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, hiamoe ka hapa nui o ka lā, a hiki wale i ke ahiahi ʻana a hoʻoholo lākou ua hiki i ka manawa e ʻai ai. Noho maʻamau lākou a ʻaʻole hui iki me nā poʻe pili ma muli o ka neʻe iki.
Akā inā lākou e launa, ʻaneʻane ʻoluʻolu mau lākou, hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka lāʻau like a noho ma kahi kokoke no kahi manawa lōʻihi - a i mau pule. I ka manawa like, kamaʻilio liʻiliʻi lākou: hāmau lākou, a ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole hoʻololi i kā lākou ʻano - ʻoiai lākou e kau nei i ka hapa nui o ka lā me ka neʻe ʻole, hoʻomau lākou e hana i kēia, akā hui pū.
Noho lākou ma mua o ka hapalua o ka lā i ka moeʻuhane, a kau pinepine lākou ma ka lālā me ko lākou poʻo i lalo. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka palau ma kahi o 3 mika i kēlā me kēia minuke, a ma ka honua he hapalua ka nui. Ke iho ʻo ia i ka honua, lilo i ka ʻoniʻoni kāna hana - me he mea paʻakikī loa iā ia ke hele a puni kahi wahi liʻiliʻi loa.
Neʻe pū lākou i nā kumulāʻau ʻokoʻa i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe: no ka laʻana, hopu ka ʻīlio i nā lālā a paʻa ʻia e ka ikaika o nā mākala. Akā ʻaʻohe ʻāpana o ka molo i ka palau, no laila ʻaʻole ia e paʻa i kahi lālā, akā kau ʻia ma luna - ua piʻo kona mau māiʻuʻu e like me nā lou a ʻae ʻole e hoʻohana i ka ikaika. Mālama nui kēia i ka ikehu, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke neʻe lohi loa.
Akā no ka palau iā ia iho, ʻaʻole ia he drawback, no ka mea ʻo ia ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana he maʻamau, no ka mea, hana ʻo ia i nā mea āpau me ka wikiwiki ʻole: no ka laʻana, nau ʻo ia i ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi loa, pono ʻo ia i kahi manawa he nui e huli i kona ʻāʻī. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe iā ia me ka hiki ke kaʻapuni iā ia i 180 kekelē.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ke ola lohi o kahi palau e kāna biology: he lohi loa kona metabolism, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ikehu liʻiliʻi, a me kahi mahana o ke kino haʻahaʻa - ma kahi o 30-32 kekelē, a i ka wā hiamoe hāʻule ia e 6-8 kekelē. No laila, pono ʻoe e mālama i kēlā me kēia neʻe, me kahi e kūleʻa ai i kona kino.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Baby Sloth
Noho maʻamau nā sloths wale nō a hui wale paha. Inā hui kahi kāne a wahine wahine o ka sloth toed ʻelua, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka i ka male ʻana - ʻaʻohe o lākou kau i ka makahiki no ka hānau hou ʻana, hiki i kēlā me kēia mahina. Me nā ʻīlio ʻekolu manamana, ʻokoʻa ke kūlana - hoʻomaka ke kau i Iulai, ke nānā pono lākou kekahi i kekahi.
Mālama nā wahine i nā keiki, akā ʻaʻole hoihoi nā kāne iā ia, a haʻalele pinepine i ka wahine ma mua o kona hānau ʻana. I ka mua, kau ka cub ma luna o ka makuahine i nā manawa āpau a hānai i kāna waiū, a mai ka lua o ka malama ua hoʻomaka iki e neʻe i nā lau - i ka manawa mua he mea hoʻohui lākou, a laila e hoʻonui iki i kahi o ka papaʻai.
Akā, e like me nā mea āpau i ke ola o sloths, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe loa i kēia kaʻina hana: hoʻomaka kekahi kanaka o kekahi ʻano i ke ola kūʻokoʻa ma mua o 9 mau mahina, akā hānai kekahi i ka waiū o ka makuahine a hiki i ʻelua mau makahiki. A i ke ʻano maoli, hiki iā lākou ke kau i ka makuahine a hiki i ka piha ʻana o 6 mau mahina, a ma hope iho ua kaumaha loa lākou.
ʻO ka nui o kahi sloth makua i 3 mau makahiki, a laila lilo i moekolohe. Noho lākou i ke kūlohelohe a hiki i 10-15 mau makahiki, i nā manawa kakaikahi ka lōʻihi. Ke mālama ʻia i ka noho pio ʻana i nā kūlana maikaʻi, hiki i ka sloth ke kū i 20-25 mau makahiki.
Mea hoihoi: Ma muli o ka hana ʻole ʻana o ka sloths i kahi neʻe hikiwawe, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā mākala, a me ka puʻuwai ikaika e hāʻawi iā lākou i ke koko ke hoʻoikaika lākou. No laila, ʻo ka nui o ka puʻuwai o kahi sloth ʻo 0.3% wale nō ia o ke kaumaha o kona kino, a ʻo ka nui o nā mākala he 25%. No kēia mau hōʻailona ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua i ʻelua mau manawa ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kanaka nāna, ma kahi ʻē, ʻaʻole mamao loa ia mai kahi hoʻopaʻa hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā sloths
Kiʻi: Sloth ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau
Ma waena o kona mau ʻenemi ma ke ʻano.
- jaguars;
- pum;
- anacondas;
- ʻolela;
- ʻōpala;
- ʻalalā.
Akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, lilo ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea ʻino i mea hoʻoweliweli i ka palau ke iho ʻo ia i lalo i ka honua, a hana iki ʻole ʻo ia. ʻO kēia ka mea huna o ke ola ʻana o kēlā mau ʻano sloths i liʻiliʻi i ka nui ke make nā mea nunui - hiki iā lākou ke kau ma nā lālā lahilahi, kahi hiki ʻole i nā mea ʻino nui ke kiʻi iā lākou.
No laila, ʻo nā jaguar i hiki ke piʻi i nā kumulāʻau hiki ke palu wale i ko lākou lehelehe a kali i ka palau e hoʻoholo e haʻalele i ka lāʻau a i ʻole e iho i nā lālā mānoanoa. A pono ʻoe e kali no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻaʻole ʻono loa nā sloths ma muli o ka nele loa o nā mākala - no laila ʻaʻole lākou he waiwai nui no nā felines.
Hoʻohui, ʻike maopopo ka sloths hiki i ka makaʻu ke hoʻoweliweli ma ka honua wale nō, akā i ka iho ʻana i nā lālā haʻahaʻa, a piʻi lākou i luna kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e hui paha kekahi ʻenemi ʻē aʻe ma aneʻi - he ʻīlio hānai predatory Inā ʻike ʻia ka palau i ka wā e lele ana mai luna mai, e hoʻouka maoli lākou iā ia, no ka mea, pāʻani ka hulu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hana ʻole i kāna mau lima.
A makemake nō naʻe lākou ʻaʻole e piʻi i luna kiʻekiʻe, no laila ʻike ʻia ma muli o nā mea ʻino, hoʻemi nui ʻia ko lākou wahi noho i nā kumulāʻau. Pono e lahilahi kēia mau lālā kokoke i ka luna, ʻaʻole naʻe ka luna loa, i ʻike ʻole nā manu. Ke hiki mai ke kai a Kahinaliʻi, a ʻau aku nā sloths, hiki i nā buʻa ke hoʻāʻo e ʻai iā lākou.
Hana kekahi poʻe i ko lākou ʻenemi: ʻimi nā India i nā sloth mai ka wā kahiko a ʻai i kā lākou ʻiʻo, kau i nā noho lio me nā ʻili, a hoʻohana i nā māiʻuʻu no ka hoʻonaninani. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka alualu i kahi pālākiō nui e hoʻoweliweli i kēia make ʻana o kēia holoholona - ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole lākou he waiwai nui i ka poʻe kekahi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Palau i ke kūlohelohe
ʻAʻole pale ʻia nā sloth ʻelua kīkū a ʻekolu paha a manaʻo ʻia he laha hoʻoweliweli iki. I kekahi mau wahi, alualu ʻia lākou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou he waiwai kalepa nui. Liʻiliʻi ka pālākiō o ka ʻimi holoholona, a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli i ka lehulehu.
Lawe ka hana ʻole iā lākou ma ke ʻano he pale hilinaʻi, a me kahi ola mehameha - paʻakikī e ʻike iā lākou i waena o nā kumulāʻau, a inā nō e kūleʻa ka ʻimi ʻana, a laila hiki ke kiʻi i hoʻokahi sloth o ka liʻiliʻi a me ke kaupaona. No laila, pepehi pinepine ka poʻe iā lākou ma ka hālāwai kūkā ʻole i ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana.
Hoʻoweliweli nui ʻia ka lehulehu e nā pōʻino ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea nui ka hoʻemi ʻana i kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke noho, ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kanaka. He pilikia nui nā laina uila, no ka mea, kīloi ʻia lākou i loko o ka ulu lāʻau o ka nahele, no laila ke hoʻāʻo nei nā sloths e piʻi iā lākou a make ma muli o ke au o kēia au.
Akā i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau hoʻoweliweli a kūpaʻa mau ka heluna kanaka. No laila, noho ka nui o nā sloth three-toed i nā ululāʻau kokoke i Amazon - no ka laʻana, ua koho ʻia ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Manaus ma 220 mau kānaka ma kēlā me kēia kilomika kilomika. I nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa, akā naʻe ua manaʻo ʻia ka huina helu ma kahi o nā miliona o nā kānaka.
Mea hoihoi: Aia kekahi mau mea i hiki i nā sloths ke hana wikiwiki, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou. I loko o ke kīʻaha Amazon, pinepine ka ninini ʻana, waiho ka ʻāina i lalo o ka wai i mau mahina. A laila pono lākou e ʻauʻau ma waena o nā kumulāʻau - ʻoiai lākou e hana nei me ke ʻano kūpilikiʻi, hoʻomohala lākou i ka wikiwiki o 4-5 km / h.
Māhele He holoholona liʻiliʻi a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ia. ʻAno palupalu paha lākou a lohi hoʻi, akā he nui ka poʻe i ʻike he nani lākou. Ua ana ʻia ka mana o ko lākou ola: ka hapa nui o ka lā e hiamoe ai lākou, ke koena o ka manawa e kau ai lākou i nā kumu lāʻau a ʻai i nā lau. A hana lohi lākou i hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo koke ʻaʻole lākou hiamoe.
Lā paʻi: 21.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 18:25
