Nutcracker - ka manu, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka wōnati, no ka passerine a no ka ʻohana nui o kēia ʻoka - nā corvids. ʻO ka inoa hoʻokaʻawale ʻepekema honua ʻo Nucifraga caryocatactes. ʻO ka manaʻo "mea luku nut" a i ʻole "nutcracker" - pēlā i unuhi ʻia ai ka inoa o ka manu mai ka ʻōlelo Lākina, Greek, German, English a me nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Kedrovka
ʻO nā Nutcrackers, me 120 mau ʻano manu ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana Corvidae, he mau kūpuna maʻamau, nā koena mua i loaʻa ma Kelemania a me Palani. Ua loaʻa lākou no 17 miliona mau makahiki hou BC. I kona helehelena, ua like ka nutcracker me kahi moa i nā ʻōkuhi, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kēia manu.
Aia he mahele i ʻeiwa mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i ka helehelena, ʻano o nā meaʻai a me nā wahi noho, akā nui ka poʻe ornithologists e hoʻomākalakala iā lākou i ʻelua mau hui: ʻākau a me ka hema. Loaʻa lākou i nā wahi like ʻole o Eurasia.
Video: Kedrovka
Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e noho nei i nā ululāʻau coniferous o ʻAmelika Hema - Nucifraga columbiana a i ʻole Clark's nutcracker. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau manu ma mua o ka Eurasian counterparts a hina hina, plumage lehu, a ʻeleʻele nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i nā ulu lāʻau pine mauna a loaʻa like like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o corvids - Podoces a i ʻole nā jays wao akua.
Aia i ke ʻano o ka papaʻai, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manu i nā walnuts - nā mea nona ka papaʻai e nā hazelnuts a me nā nutcrackers. He mana nui aʻe ko Hazelnuts akā ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka nuku. I Siberia, loaʻa nā kānaka me ka nuku ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a lōʻihi hoʻi, hoʻololi ʻia i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua paina.
ʻO ka noho nui ma ʻEulopa nā wahi ulu lāʻau:
- ʻai maʻamau;
- Pinina Kuikilana;
- na ululaau ahi i huikau;
- Paina Scots;
- paina ʻeleʻele;
- Pine Macedonian;
- hazel (Corylus).
Makemake nā poʻe Siberian a me Far Hikina:
- kedera;
- Paina Siberia;
- Kedera Iapana;
- Sakhalin fir.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka poʻe Tien Shan e nā ululāʻau o ka Tien Shan spruce. I ka Himalayas, ʻo ka wahi maʻamau ka ulu lāʻau coniferous, ka deodar kedera, ka paina polū, pinvoy fir, ka Himalayan fir, Morind spruce me nā ulu lāʻau rhododendron.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Manu nutcracker
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau ʻelele o ka passerine order ma mua o ka jackdaw, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nui me kahi jay. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manu mai 30 a 40 cm, 10-12 cm e hāʻule ma ka huelo. Mai ka 50 a 60 cm ka lōʻihi o nā ʻeheu. Hiki i ka wahine ke kaupaona i 125-190 g, a me nā kāne - ma waena o 130-200 g. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka wahine ma mua o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka wahine ʻē aʻe, akā ʻoi iki ka pale o ko lākou kala, a ʻaʻole haʻi ʻia nā kiko keʻokeʻo. ...
ʻO Nutcracker, i loaʻa ma ka hapanui o Rūsia (N. caryocatactes), he plumage kokoleka-brown me nā kiko keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻohe o ia mau kiko ma ka kalaunu a me ke kua o ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele ka ʻēheu me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo; he hē keʻokeʻo ko kekahi hulu lele.
ʻEleʻele hoʻi ka huelo. ʻO nā hulu o ka huelo waena ma ka hopena i kala ʻia me kahi ʻāpana haiki keʻokeʻo, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao he ākea ākea. Keʻokeʻo nā hulu hipa huna. Hinahina-ʻeleʻele nā wāwae a me ka nuku, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele nā maka. He ikaika nā paws iā lākou iho me nā māiʻu ʻoi loa e kōkua i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu ke ʻili ʻia lākou.
Pākuʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā plumage Pockmarked i kēia manu. Pono kēia kala no kahi nutcracker ʻaʻole pono loa. ʻAʻohe ona lele maikaʻi a ʻaʻole makemake e lele lōʻihi. No ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i nā wahi a puni, koho nā manu i nā lālā hakahaka a i nā lālā paha.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hoʻowili wiwo ʻole kahi manu liʻiliʻi i kahi squirrel i mea e lawe aku ai i kahi pine pine a i ʻole kahi hazelnut mai ia mea.
Ma hea e noho ai ka nutcracker?
Kiʻi: Kedrovka ma Lūkia
ʻAʻohe wahi hoʻomau o nā nutcrackers ma Eurasia, keu hoʻi ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa. Aia ia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ululāʻau i hiki ke hāʻawi i ka meaʻai nui no kēia mau manu - nā nati. Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Nutcracker i nā wahi he nui o ka ʻākau o ka ʻāina nui, kahi e iho ai kona wahi noho i ka hema o waena o ʻEulopa, ma ka moku ʻo Tien Shan a ma ka hikina o nā mokupuni Kepani. Loaʻa lākou ma nā ʻāina Scandinavian a me nā Alps ma ka ʻākau o ʻItalia, malia paha ma Pyrenees.
Holo ka palena hema ma ka poʻe Carpathians, piʻi i ka hema o Belarus, holo ma ke awāwa o ka muliwai Kama. Ma ʻAsia, iho ka palena hema a hiki i nā mauna ʻo Altai, ma Mongolia e holo ana ma Khangai a me Kentey, ka Big Khingan, ma Kina - ke kuahiwi ʻo Zhangguangtsailin, e piʻi ana i ka Primorye hema. I ke kūkulu ʻākau, ʻo ka palena ma nā wahi āpau e pili pū ana me ka palena o ka ululāʻau a me ka nahele-tundra. ʻO nā wahi noho kaʻawale me nā Mount Tien Shan, Dzhungarskiy Alatau, Ketmen, Kirghiz Range, nā huakaʻi komohana o ka Talas massif, i nā pali hikina o nā mauna Altai.
I Kashmir, hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka Siberian nutcracker iā N. Multipunctata. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ka pouli o kēia manu, akā nui nā outlines i nā kiko kukui. Ma ka hikina hema o ka Himalayas, loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, N. hemispila, i like ka nui me nā Kashmir pākahi, akā ʻoi aku ka māmā o ko lākou kala nui, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kiko keʻokeʻo. Uhi ka laulā o kēia manu i ka hapa nui o nā kuahiwi Himalayan, hikina Tibet a me nā wahi hema o Kina, mai ka hikina o Afghanistan a i ke Kōlea Korea.
Neʻe iki ʻo Nutcracker i kahi ākea, aloha i ke ola paʻa. Hoʻohilahila ʻia ʻo ia i nā wahi o ka wai. I nā makahiki wīwī, koi ʻia kēia mau manu e lele i kahi mamao aku e ʻimi i nā meaʻai. Manaʻo nā Ornithologists ʻo kēia ke ala i hele ai nā nutcrackers i nā Kuril a me nā Kepanī Kepani, ʻo Sakhalin.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka neʻe nui ʻana o nā nutcrackers i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1885 mai ka ʻākau hikina o Lūkia (Arkhangelsk a me nā moku ʻo Perm) a i ke komohana hema o ka hema hikina o nā mauna Ural. Ma ke komohana hema, neʻe nā manu ma Polani a me Hungary, ua neʻe lākou i Kelemania a me Pelekiuma, Holland, Palani, ʻEnelani Hema. ʻO kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o nā manu i hoʻi i hope. Ua make ka hapa nui o lākou, ua noho kekahi ma nā wahi hou.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka manu nutcracker. E ʻike kāua i kāna mea e ʻai ai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka nutcracker?
Kiʻi: Kedrovka i ka hoʻoilo
Makemake kēia mau manu i nā hua paina i kā lākou papaʻai, akā i nā wahi he nui kahi e nui ai nā ululāʻau deciduous, ʻai lākou i nā hua hazel, nā hua beech a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā conifers ʻē aʻe ke lilo i ʻāpana o nā makemake meaʻai a kēia mea noho nahele. Hana nui nā manu i ka hōʻiliʻili i ka wā kauwela, ʻohiʻohi ʻana i nā nati i nā wahi hūnā.
Kōkua kahi nuku ikaika i nā gourmets o ka nahele e kiʻi i nā kernels o nā nati. Wehe ka nutcracker iā ia a pā i ka pūpū. Hāʻule ka pā i nā helu ʻelua i ka manawa hoʻokahi a haki ka pūpū. ʻOiai ʻo nā walnuts i loaʻa i nā cache o nā nutcrackers; hiki i kahi nuku ikaika ke ʻoki i kā lākou pūpū mānoanoa.
ʻImi hoihoi: Ke hāpai nei i nā waihona, hoʻohana ka nutcracker i kahi ʻeke sublingual, kahi e hiki ai ke kau ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau hua pinina.
Hūnā nā manu i nā waihona i nā wahi like ʻole, makemake nui lākou e hana ia i nā kaha, ma nā pali pōhaku. ʻOiai i ka puna, hoʻomau nā manu e loaʻa i kā lākou pantry a hānai i nā moa me nā waihona. Hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi lākou i nā wahi o ia mau cache a ʻike maʻalahi hoʻi i ko lākou waihona ma lalo o ka hau. ʻO kahi manu liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iki i 200 gram, hiki ke mālama a hiki i 60 kg, a i kekahi manawa a i ka 90 kg o nā hua paina no ka hoʻoilo. A i loko o kona ʻōpū ua hoʻonoho ʻia he 10-13 nukoliola.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO nā cache me nā waihona, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e nā nutcrackers, e hiki ai i nā wana o nā kedera ikaika e hiki mai ana. ʻO kēia manu ka mea hoʻokaʻawale nui o nā pine Siberia a me nā pine dwarf kiʻekiʻe i nā kuahiwi a mamao loa i ka ʻākau. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻanoʻano o kēia mau kumulāʻau i loko o nā pantry nutcrackers a ʻehā mau mile ke mamao.
ʻOiai i ka leona tundra a me nā loach, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā wana kedera i lawe ʻia mai e ka nutcracker luhi ʻole. ʻAʻole ola nā ʻōpuʻu i nā ʻano ʻoʻoleʻa a make ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau waihona i hana ʻia e nā manu ma nā kihi o ka ululāʻau, ma ke kaʻe o nā mānoanoa taiga, kahi e kōkua ai i ka puka ʻana o nā wana hou o ka kedera ikaika.
Aia pū ka papa kuhikuhi nutcracker:
- hua hua;
- nā mea kolo a me kā lākou larvae;
- ʻāina crustacea ʻāina;
- nā hua manu o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
Hiki iā Nutcracker ke hoʻouka me ka palekana i nā manu liʻiliʻi, a i ka lanakila ʻana, ʻo ka mea mua, e kiʻi ia i ka lolo mai kāna mea pio. ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā kēia manu a me ka make, hiki iā ia ke hānai i nā holoholona i hopu ʻia i kahi pahele a i ʻole ka loop. Inā hoʻopiha ʻia kahi kumulāʻau i nā larva insect, a laila ʻākoakoa nā manu a puni iā ia e loaʻa kālā ai. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i ko lākou nuku e huki i nā pepeke i hele i lalo i lalo i ka pupate.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Manu nutcracker
ʻOkoʻa ka nohona o kēia manu nahele ma nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki. I ka pūnana ʻana, ʻike ia i nā kihi huna i loko o ka ulu lāʻau ulu a ʻaʻole haʻalele iki i kēia ʻāina liʻiliʻi. Inā i kēia manawa hele wale a kokoke mai kekahi kanaka i kēia wahi, a laila peʻe koke ka manu, e kanu ana iā ia iho i ka piko o nā kumu lāʻau.
I nā manawa ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki, pili aloha kēia mau manu, ʻaʻole makaʻu iki i ka poʻe a hiki ke noho kokoke i ka hale, ke ʻike nei aia mau kekahi mea e loaʻa pono ai. ʻO ka pinepine, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā nutcrackers ma nā lihi o ka ululāʻau a me nā wahi aniani, ma ka lihi o ka ululāʻau, ma nā muliwai ulu a me nā kahawai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Nutcrackers, e like me nā wahaheʻe ʻē aʻe, hana nui. Nānā nā kiaʻi manu i kā lākou alualu ʻana i nā ʻenuhe moth paina i Nowemapa pololei mai lalo o ka hau, e hana ana i nā alahele oblique i ka uhi hau.
Noho mau nā manu ma nā lālā lalo o nā kumu lāʻau, e unuhi ana i nā ʻanoʻano mai nā ʻone. Inā ʻike lākou i ka makaʻu, hiki iā lākou ke hemo me ka hāmau a hūnā ma ka piko o kekahi o nā lāʻau kokoke. I kekahi manawa hiki i kahi manu ke hoʻokuʻu i kahi kanaka a kokoke loa.
Hana nā Nutcrackers i nā leo hoihoi. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka uē o ka moa, akā ʻaʻole naʻe e ʻōwili loa, e like me ka uē o kahi jay. ʻO kā lākou kāhea ʻana e like paha me "kray-kray", inā hopohopo nui lākou, makaʻu, a laila - "kr-cr-cr." I kekahi manawa hiki ke kapa ʻia ke ʻano o ke kani he ʻano mele.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Nutcracker i ka nahele
Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā Nutcrackers he mau manu lehulehu, koe wale no ka manawa pūnana. Inā ʻoe e ʻike i hoʻokahi manu, a laila aia kahi manawa kūpono e hui hou aku ai ma kahi kokoke aku. Kūkulu nā hui i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, a hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pūnaewele pūnana ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau hope. Hiki ke loaʻa ka pūnana o kēia mea noho nahele i kahi mea kākaʻikahi wale nō, i loko wale nō o nā ululāʻau mamao loa, inā i kēia manawa ke hui nei kekahi kanaka me kahi nutcracker, ʻimi ʻo ia e heʻe iā ia me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia. Aia i ke ʻano o ka ea, ke hana nei kēia mau manu, nā wahine a me nā kāne, i ka hana ʻana i ko lākou pūnana mai Malaki a Mei.
ʻO kēia kahi ʻano nui e pili ana i 30 cm ke anawaena a hiki i 15 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, he liʻiliʻi ka pā: ma kahi o 10-15 cm ke anawaena. Aia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnana ma luna o ka spruce a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau coniferous ʻē aʻe, ma kahi e haʻalele ai ka lālā i ka pahu. Ma kona kumu, waiho ʻia nā lālā maloʻo o nā conifers i uhi ʻia me ka lichen, ʻo ka papa aʻe he mau lālā birch, hoʻopili ʻia ka pūnana me ka mauʻu, nā olonā mai lalo o ka ʻili, hele mai kēia a pau me kahi pālolo pālolo, a ma luna ua uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu maloʻo, ka limu, lalo.
Hoʻomoe nā manu i 3 a 7, akā ʻo ka hapanui pinepine 5, bluish-keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā hua moa. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka iwi i nā ʻoliva a i ʻole nā kaha ʻulaʻula-hina hina. I kekahi manawa aia he mau mea hoʻokomo a ʻohiʻohi ʻia lākou i ka hopena ʻōpala. ʻO nā hua oblong ma kahi o ʻekolu kenimika ka lōʻihi a ʻelua a me ka hapalua kenimika ma ʻō.
Pili nā mākua ʻelua i ka incubation. Hoʻopiʻi nā Chicks ma hope o 19 mau lā. ʻO ka mea mua, hānai ʻia lākou i nā mea kolo a me nā hua, nā hua nut. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau pule, ua lele mua nā moa mai ka pūnana a hiki i ka meaʻai ke ʻai i kā lākou iho. Akā ʻaʻole ʻo nā manu ʻuʻuku e hūnā hou, e uē aloha ana i ko lākou mau mākua e lawe mai ana i ka meaʻai, a me nā manu makua, me nā leo uē nui, e holo i kēlā me kēia mea e komo i kā lākou keiki. Ma hope o ka pā ʻana o nā moa, e hoʻoheheʻe nā manu kahiko. Ke hele a ikaika nā keiki, neʻe nā nutcrackers i nā hipa mai nā wahi mamao a i nā wahi hāmama aʻe. Hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau makahiki paha ke oʻo kolohe ʻana i kēia mau manu.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā nutcrackers
Kiʻi: Nutcracker i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka manu o ka nāhelehele, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui, kaumaha i ka haʻalele a lilo i pale ʻole ke ʻeli ʻo ia i kāna mau waihona hoʻolālā, ʻoiai e lilo ana ka makaʻala a me ke akahele. I kēia manawa, hiki i kahi alopeke, kahi ʻīlio hae, a me nā mea ʻino ʻuʻuku ke lele iki aʻe i luna ona: marten, sable, weasel. Aia ʻo ia i ka makaʻu ke hūnā ʻo ia i nā lako. Inā ua ʻike ka manu ke kiaʻi ʻia ia i kēia manawa, a laila hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻonalonalo i kāna hale waiho moe.
ʻO kahi lynx kahi mea weliweli ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, a ʻo nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana weasel, hiki ke piʻi pono i nā pahu, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i nā pūnana, e luku ana i nā paʻa a hoʻouka paha i nā moa. ʻAi pū nā manu o ka manu i nā nutcrackers: hawks, pueo, falegr peregrine, kites.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Inā e luku ʻia ka lālau e nā mea ʻino, hiki i nā nutcrackers ke hana i kahi pūnana hou a hoʻomoe hou i nā hua.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻenemi o nā nutcrackers ke kāne. ʻAʻohe ʻimi kūikawā no ia, ʻoiai ʻo kaʻiʻo nutcracker ka mea e ʻai ai, akā kikoʻī ka ʻono, ʻawaʻawa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hana a ka poʻe i ka wao nahele. Akā ʻo ka pōʻino ʻoi loa ka ahi o nā ululāʻau, i hū i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma o ka hewa kanaka, he mau ʻeka heka nahele o ka ululāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hoʻopau ʻia ma Western Siberia, Irkutsk Oblast, Buryatia, a ma Transbaikalia holoʻokoʻa. Aia ma laila kahi nui o nā lāʻau kedera, kahi nui o ka noho a me ka lako o ka meaʻai no nā nutcrackers. Pau nā pūnana me nā hua manu a me nā moa i ke ahi. Ua hoʻonele ʻia nā manu makua i ka meaʻai a me kā lākou pantry, kahi e hoʻokahuli ai iā lākou i kahi hoʻoilo pōloli, ʻaʻole e ola kēlā me kēia manu i kēlā ʻano.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Kedrovka ma Lūkia
Noho kēia mau lunamaka o ka wahaheʻe i nā ululāʻau coniferous a hui pū ʻia me nā ulu lāʻau coniferous-birch, me kahi predominance o nā conifers. ʻO nā ululāʻau mauna me nā kahele nahele a me nā kula alpine nā wahi nui kahi e noho ai ka Europa nutcracker. Mai ka hema o Palani, kau ka wahi i ka Urals a me Kazakhstan, mahele ʻia ma luna o Mongolia a me Siberia, hiki i ka Hikina loa a hopu iā Kamchatka, ka ʻākau o Kina, Kōlea a me Iapana.
Hoʻohuli ʻia ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā nutcrackers e ka hanana technogenic, ke ahi pinepine o ka nahele, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā wahi mahiʻai ma muli o nā ululāʻau. Akā ʻaʻole makaʻu ka heluna o kēia mau manu a, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka hele i lalo, paʻa mau.
Kū ākea ka nohona o ka nutcracker a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokokoke i ka paepae o ka nāwaliwali. ʻO ka hapa haneri o ka heluna kanaka e emi ana ma lalo o 30 i nā makahiki he ʻumi a i ʻole ʻekolu mau hanauna. ʻO ka helu o nā nutcrackers a puni ka honua i koho ʻia ma 4.9 - 14.99 miliona mau kānaka. Manaʻo nā Ornithologists he 370 tausani - 1.1 miliona mau pūnana pūnana i ʻEulopa, ʻo ia ka 739 tausani - 2.2 miliona mau kānaka, ma kahi o 15% o ka huina helu.
Nā koho aupuni o ka heluna kanaka o nā pā hānau hānau nā:
- Kina - 10,000-100,000 pālua;
- Kōlea - 1 miliona pālua;
- Iapana - 100-10 tausani pālua;
- Lūkia - 10 tausani - 100 tausani pālua.
Ke hāʻule nei nā ʻāpana hema ma muli o ka luku ʻia o nā ululāʻau Taiwanese, ʻoiai ma ka wōnati ʻEulopa i ka manawa 1980-2013. he kūmau paʻa e mālama i nā holoholona.
Nutcracker - he kuleana nui kahi manu nahele liʻiliʻi i ka mahele ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano o nā conifers like ʻole, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā kumulāʻau hou. Hoʻohui, hoʻopau lākou i nā mea ʻino lāʻau i kau ʻia ma luna o lākou. Ke ʻimi nei nā manu i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī, i nā manawa he nui i hoʻokahe i nā cones kedera mai nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, a laila kōkua i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e mālama no ka hoʻoilo. ʻOiai nā bea, e holoholo ana i loko o ia mau ulu lāʻau kedera, ʻai i nā cones hāʻule, a hoʻouna iā lākou āpau i ko lākou waha. ʻO ka nut a nutcracker kahi manu hoihoi a pono hoʻi, kūpono ke nānā ʻia a pale ʻia.
Ka lā paʻi: 01.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/23/2019 ma 22:42
