ʻO ʻOgar - He ʻalā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kēia a ʻokoʻa hoʻi, e pūnana nei ma ka hema hikina o ʻEulopa a ma ʻAkia Waena, e neʻe nei no ka hoʻoilo i ʻAsia Hema. Hoʻohālikelike kona ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻulaʻula me ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī palolo. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, mālama ʻia lākou no nā hana hoʻonaninani ma muli o ko lākou plumage ʻōlinolino.
Kūleʻa pinepine lākou a kamaʻilio ʻole ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou i nā pālua a i ʻole heleleʻi ʻia ma kahi mamao. Inā mālama ʻoe i ke ahi me nā ʻāpua o nā lānai ʻē aʻe, a laila i kēia hihia ua lilo lākou i mea hakakā loa i ka wā o ka pūnana.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻOgar
ʻO Ogar (Tadorna ferruginea), me ka wahī, he lālā o ka genus Tadorna, ma ka ʻohana Anatidae (ʻāpō). Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia manu i ka makahiki 1764 e ka mea loea Kelemania / botanist ʻo Peter Pallas, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Anas ferruginea, akā ua hoʻohuli ʻia i ka genus Tadorna. I kekahi mau ʻāina, hoʻonoho ʻia ia i loko o ka genus Casarca, a me ka ʻĀpelika Hema kahi poʻo hina (T. cana), Austrian shelby (T. tadornoides). A ʻo New Zealand sheepdog (T. variegata).
ʻImi hoihoi: hōʻike ʻo Phylogenetic o DNA i ka pili loa o kēia ʻano i ke ahi o ʻApelika Hema.
ʻO ka inoa genus ʻo Tadorna mai ka ʻōlelo Farani "tadorne" a mai loko mai paha o ka ʻōlelo Celtic i manaʻo ʻia "moa wai ʻokoʻa." ʻO ka inoa Pelekane "sheld duck" mai ka makahiki 1700 a ʻo ia ka mea like.
ʻO ka inoa o ka Ferruginea species i ka ʻōlelo Lākina he "ʻulaʻula" a pili i ke kala o ka plumage. I kekahi o nā moʻolelo kaʻao Kazakh, ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole kākaʻikahi, hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia mau haneli mau makahiki, huki mai kahi ʻīlio pēpē tazy mai kahi hua manu kokoke i ke ahi. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e loaʻa kahi pēpē pēlā e laki maikaʻi i kā lākou mau hana āpau.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Duck ogar
ʻO Ogar - ua lilo i puʻu ʻike ʻia ma muli o kona kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kūikawā. ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa e noho ana i ka hemisphere hema a loaʻa nā ʻulaʻula i kā lākou plumage ʻokoʻa i ke kala poʻo. Ulu ka ogar i ka lōʻihi o 58 - 70 cm a he ʻēheu o 115-135 knm, a ʻo kona kaona he 1000-1650.
Kāne me ka plumage kino ʻalani-ʻalani a me ka paler, ke poʻo ʻalani-ʻalani a me ka ʻāʻī, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ke kino e kahi kola ʻeleʻele ololi. ʻEleʻele nā hulu lele a me nā hulu o ka huelo, ʻoiai nā ʻili o ka ʻēheu o loko i hulu ʻōlinolino ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā ʻeheu luna a lalo hoʻi he keʻokeʻo ma lalo o ka ʻeheu, ʻike nui ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka wā lele, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke noho wale ka manu. ʻEleʻele ka nuku, hina hina nā wāwae.
Video: ʻOgar
Ua like ka wahine me ke kāne, akā he pale kona, a keʻokeʻo ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī a nele i ke kola ʻeleʻele, a i nā kāne ʻelua e loli ke kala a mae me ka makahiki o nā hulu. Hoʻopau ka manu i ka hopena o ka wā hānau. Ua nalowale ke kāne i ke kola ʻeleʻele, akā kūkulu hou ʻia kahi hapa molt ma waena o Kekemapa a me ʻApelila. ʻAno like nā keikikāne me ka wahine, akā loaʻa ka malu o nā aka ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻau maikaʻi ʻo Ogar, kaumaha ke nānā aku, e like me ke gose i ka lele ʻana. ʻIke ʻia kahi apo ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻāʻī i ke kāne i ka wā o ka pūnana, ʻoiai he kiko keʻokeʻo ko ka wahine ma ke poʻo. Leo Manu - Aia i loko o kahi leo o ka leo nui, ihu, e like me ka gose. Hoʻouna ʻia nā hōʻailona kani ma ka honua a ma ka lewa a ʻokoʻa e like me nā kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia ai lākou.
Ma hea e noho ai ke ahi?
Kiʻi: Manu ʻoka
Liʻiliʻi loa nā heluna kanaka o kēia laha ma ke komohana ʻākau o ʻApelika a me ʻAitiopa. ʻO kona wahi noho nui mai ka hikina hikina o ʻEulopa ma waena o ʻAsia Asia a hiki i Lake Baikal, Mongolia a me Kina komohana. ʻO ka heluna nui o ka poʻe hikina e neʻe ana a me ka hoʻoilo i ka mokupuni ʻo India.
ʻO kēia ʻano lāhui i kolona ʻia ʻo Fuerteventura ma nā mokupuni ʻo Canary, e hānau ana no ka manawa mua ma laila ma 1994 a aneane i kanalima mau pālua e 2008. I Moscow, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā poʻe ogari i 1958 i kahi heluna 1,100. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano ma Rūsia, ʻaʻole neʻe kēia mau ʻeke ʻulaʻula i ka hema, akā hoʻi i ka wā hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina o ka zoo, kahi i hana ʻia ai nā kūlana āpau na lākou.
ʻO nā wahi nui i:
- Helene;
- Pulukalia;
- Romānia;
- Lukia;
- Ilaka;
- ʻIrana;
- Apekanikana;
- Kuleke;
- Kasakana;
- Kina;
- Monokolia;
- ʻO Tyve.
ʻO Ogar kahi malihini kipa maʻamau ma India, e hōʻea ana i ʻOkakopa a haʻalele iā ʻApelila. ʻO ka nohona maʻamau o kēia pato nā ʻāina wai nui a me nā kahawai me nā kahawai a me nā ʻiliʻili pebble. Loaʻa ʻo Ogar i nā helu he nui ma nā loko a me nā waihona wai. ʻO nā ʻano ma nā loko mauna kiʻekiʻe a me nā kahawai ma Jammu a me Kashmir.
Ma waho o ka wā hānau, makemake ka pato i nā kahawai haʻahaʻa, nā kahawai mālie, nā loko wai, nā kula, nā māno a me nā kai kūʻono. ʻAʻohe loaʻa iki ia ma nā wahi ulu lāʻau. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka laha ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, hiki iā ia ke noho ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, i nā loko ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5000 m.
ʻOiai ʻo ka cinder ke hele a laha ʻole i ka hikina hema o ʻEulopa a me ka hema o Sepania, ua pālahalaha ka manu i ka hapa nui o kāna pae Asia. Hiki paha i kēia mau heluna kānaka ke ala aʻe i kahi kanaka hele hewa e lele komohana i ʻIlia, Pelekane Nui a me ʻIlani. Mālama maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Wildfire i nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa. I Kuikilana, manaʻo ʻia ia he ʻano lōkō nāna e hoʻoweliweli i nā manu ʻōiwi. Me nā hana i hana ʻia e hōʻemi i ka helu, ua hoʻonui ka heluna o Switzerland mai 211 a 1250.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ke ahi, e ʻike kāua e ʻai ai ka ʻāpō i kona kūlohelohe.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ke ahi?
Kiʻi: ʻOgar ma Moscow
ʻAi nui ʻo Ogar i nā meaʻai mea kanu, i kekahi manawa i nā holoholona, e hāʻawi ana i ka makemake i nā mea mua. ʻO nā ʻāpana o ka lawe ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka wahi o ka noho a me ka manawa o ka makahiki. Lawe ʻia ka ʻai ʻana ma ka ʻāina a ma ka wai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka ʻāina, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale loa ai i ka ʻāʻulaʻula mai ka ʻohana pili pili.
ʻO nā meaʻai punahele a nā kumu kanu i komo pū ai:
- mea kanu;
- lau;
- na anoano;
- nā kumu o nā mea kanu wai;
- kulina;
- wana lau lau.
I ka puna, hoʻāʻo ke ahi e ʻai i nā lau nahele a ma waena o nā puʻu, e ʻimi ana i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu e like me hodgepodge a i ʻole nā cereal. I ka wā hānau, ke ʻike ʻia nā keiki, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā manu ma nā lika paʻakai, nā holoholona ʻimi holoholona (nā ʻūhini nui). Ma nā loko e ʻai ai ia i nā invertebrates e like me nā ilo, crustacean, nā iʻa wai, a me nā rana + tadpoles a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
I ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, hoʻomaka ka cinder e lele i loko o nā māla i lūlū ʻia me nā mea hoʻoilo a i ʻohiʻohi ʻia paha, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu palaoa - ka palaoa, ka palaoa, a pēlā aku. ʻAno hauʻoli lākou i ka ʻai i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma nā alanui. Hiki iā lākou ke kipa i nā landfills. Aia kekahi mau hanana i ʻike ʻia i ka wā o kēia mau ʻāpō, e like me nā ʻakaʻaka a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, a ʻai pū i ke kalai. ʻImi nā ʻūlū i ka meaʻai i ka meaʻai i ka pō a me ka pō, a hoʻomaha i ke ao.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: wahine duck ogar
Kū ʻo Ogar i nā hui pālua a i ʻole nā hui liʻiliʻi a ʻano liʻiliʻi ʻole nā ʻano hipa nui. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka wā o ka hibernation a i ʻole ka molting ʻana i nā loko i wae ʻia a i ʻole nā muliwai lohi hiki ke nui loa. Kūpilikiʻi nā pēpē ʻulaʻula i ka honua ma muli o ke kūlana kūikawā o ko lākou mau wāwae ma ke kino. Hoʻihoʻi ikaika ʻia kā lākou mau wāwae, a paʻakikī i ka hele wāwae. Eia nō naʻe, hana kēia morphology iā lākou i ka wikiwiki a me ke kelepona maʻalahi i ka wai.
Hiki iā lākou ke luʻu a luʻu paha i loko o ka wai me ka hoʻoikaika ʻole. Hoʻokomo kēia mau ʻāpō i hoʻokahi neʻe ʻana o ko lākou mau wāwae, luʻu ma kahi o hoʻokahi mika ma lalo o ka ʻili a hōʻea i ka substrate kahi a lākou e ʻai ai. I ka wā o ka luʻu, lalani nā wāwae i ka manawa like, a paʻa mau nā ʻeheu. No ka lele ʻana i ka lewa, pono e paʻi koke kēia mau ʻēpē i ko lākou mau ʻeheu a holo i luna o ka wai. Lele ʻo ʻOgar ma kahi haʻahaʻa ma luna o ka wai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: ʻAʻole kūpaʻa ʻo Ogar i kāna panalāʻau a pāpā ʻole iā ia iho i kahi pae home kikoʻī i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka makahiki. ʻAʻole pili iki lākou me nā manu ʻē aʻe, a kūpikipiki ka ʻōpio i nā laha ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke ola keu o nā ʻāʻī ʻulaʻula i ka nāhelehele he 13 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka Global Invasive Species Database, kēia mau ʻūlū, i hei a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka nahelehele, ʻaʻole ola iki i nā makahiki 2 i hala. ʻO nā manu i mālama ʻia i ka noho pio ʻana he awelika ke ola o 2.4 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: ʻOgar Duckling
Ua hōʻea nā manu i kā lākou wahi hānau nui ma Central Asia i Malaki a ʻApelila. Aia kahi paʻa paʻa paʻa ma waena o ke kāne a me ka wahine, a manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia lākou he kāne mau no ke ola. I loko o kā lākou wahi hānau, huhū nui nā manu i kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā wahine, ke ʻike nei i ka mea komo hewa, hoʻokokoke aku iā ia me ke poʻo kūlou a me ka ʻāʻī hohola, e hoʻopuka ana i nā leo huhū. Inā kū kū ka mea komo hewa, hoʻi ʻo ia i ke kāne a holo a puni iā ia, me ka hoʻoulu kaua ʻana.
Hana ʻia ka moena ma luna o ka wai ma hope o ka moena pokole e pili ana i ka ʻāʻī ʻana i ka ʻāʻī, pili i ke poʻo, a hāpai i ka huelo. ʻO nā wahi pūnana kahi mamao loa mai ka wai i loko o kahi lua, i kahi kumulāʻau, i loko o kahi hale i wāwahi ʻia, i loko o kahi ākea i loko o kahi pōhaku, ma waena o nā puʻu one, a i ʻole kahi lua holoholona. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnana e ka wahine e hoʻohana ana i ka hulu a i lalo a me kekahi mau mea kanu.
ʻO ke kau o nā hua ʻewalu (ʻeono a ʻumikūmālua) i waiho ʻia ma waena o ka hopena o ʻApelila a me ka mua o Iune. Loaʻa iā lākou i ka sheen puʻupuʻu a me ke kala keʻokeʻo momona, he awelika o 68 x 47 mm. Hana ʻia ka hoʻouluulu e ka wahine a kokoke ke kāne. Hoʻopiʻi nā hua i loko o iwakāluakūmāwalu mau lā, a mālama nā mākua ʻelua i ka ʻōpio, ka mea e lele i loko o nā lā he kanalimakūmālima. Ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, neʻe lākou i nā wai nui, kahi maʻalahi no lākou e hōʻalo i nā mea ʻino ke lele ʻole lākou.
Mea hoihoi: Hoʻokomo nui nā wahine Ogare i nā moa. Mai ka manawa o ka hatching i 2-4 mau pule o ka makahiki, nānā nui ka wahine i ka pua. Noho kokoke ʻo ia i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana a hōʻike pū kekahi i nā ʻano hana kolohe ke hoʻokokoke aku nā ʻie o nā makahiki ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopōkole ka wahine i ka manawa luʻu, ʻoiai e luʻu pū ka ʻōpio me ia e kiaʻi a pale i nā moa.
Hiki i ka ʻohana ke noho pū ma ke ʻano he hui no kekahi manawa; Hoʻomaka ka neʻe ʻana o ka kauwela ma kahi o Kepakemapa. Ke hānai ʻia nei nā manu o ʻApelika ʻĀkau ma kahi o ʻelima mau pule ma mua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe ogar
Kiʻi: Duck ogar
ʻO ka hiki i ke ahi ke luʻu ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka wai e ʻae iā lākou e hōʻalo i nā mea ʻino he nui. I ka wā hānau, kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana e hoʻohana ana i nā mea kanu a puni, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka hale a me nā camouflage e pale aku ai i nā mea ʻaihue e ʻimi hua a me nā ʻāpō. Hoʻāʻo pinepine nā wahine e hoʻohuli i nā mea ʻaihue mai nā pūnana mai ma ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO kā lākou mau hua manu ke kaulike kaulike nui loa o nā manu.
Hualu ʻia nā hua moa a me nā moa e nā mea ʻaihue e like me:
- raccoons (Procyon);
- mink (Mustela lutreola);
- hina herons (Árdea cinérea);
- ʻO Heron i ka pō maʻamau (Nycticorax nycticorax);
- limu (Larus).
Hoʻolālā ʻo Ogar i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma ka wai. Lele wikiwiki lākou, akā loaʻa ka maneuverability maikaʻi ʻole i ka lewa, a no laila, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻauʻau a luʻu hoʻi ma mua o ka lele e pakele ai nā mea ʻaihue. Kūleʻa nui lākou i kekahi i kekahi a me nā laha ʻē aʻe, keu hoʻi i ka wā hānau.
ʻIke ʻia nā mea ʻiʻo makua makua:
- raccoons (Procyon);
- mink (Mustela lutreola);
- hawks (Accipitrinae);
- pueo (Strigiformes);
- ʻalopeke (Vulpes Vulpes).
ʻIke kū kānāwai nā kānaka (Homo Sapiens) i nā ʻāʻula ʻulaʻula kokoke i loko o kā lākou wahi noho. ʻOiai ua ʻimi ʻia lākou i mau makahiki he nui, a ua emi paha kā lākou helu i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia lākou e nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona i kēia lā. Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ʻo Ogar i nā ʻāina pulu, akā ʻo ka ʻai ʻana, ka puhi ʻana a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana i nā wahi wai i hopena i ka nohona maikaʻi ʻole.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Manu ʻoka
Hoʻomanaʻo nā Buddhist i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a hāʻawi kēia iā ia i kahi pale ma waena a me ka hikina o Asia, kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai ka lehulehu a paʻa a hoʻonui. ʻO ka Pembo Nature Reserve ma Tibet kahi wahi hoʻoilo nui no nā ogars, kahi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai a me ka pale. Ma ʻEulopa, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, makemake ka poʻe e hōʻole i ka maloʻo ʻana o nā ʻāina wai a ʻimi ʻia nā manu. Eia nō naʻe, emi lākou i ka maʻalahi ma mua o kekahi mau moa wai ma muli o kā lākou hiki ke hoʻololi i nā wahi hou e like me nā waihona wai, a pēlā aku.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi: Ma Rūsia, ma kāna ʻāpana ʻEulopa, ua helu ʻia ka nui o ka cinder ma 9-16 tausani mau pālua, ma nā wahi hema - 5.5-7 tausani.
Loaʻa i ka ogary kahi ākea ākea o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, a, e like me ka poʻe loea, ʻo ka helu mai 170,000 a 225,000. ʻAʻole maopopo ke ʻano o ka heluna kanaka i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka i kekahi mau wahi a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole kū ka manu i nā paepae i koi ʻia e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia a kokoke a loiloi ka International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) i kona kūlana mālama e like me "of Least Concern". ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻano e pili ai ka ʻaelike ma ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ʻAfelika-Eurasian Migratory Waterfowl (AEWA).
Lā paʻi: 08.06.2019
Lā hou: 22.09.2019 ma 23:35
