Dolphin muliwai He mammal wai liʻiliʻi ia e pili ana i ke kaʻina o cetaceans. Hoʻonohonoho nā ʻepekema i kēia lā i nā dolphins muliwai ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea make no ka mea ua hōʻole ka heluna kanaka i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana o ka nohona.
Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia nā moʻo muliwai ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai kai o ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika Hema. I kēia lā, noho wale nā moʻo muliwai ma nā ʻāpana palena o nā ipu o nā kahawai ʻo Yangtze, Mekong, Indus, Ganges, Amazon a me Orinoco a me nā kahawai kai ma ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika Hema.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: muliwai Dolphin
Ua ʻike ʻo Paleontologists i kahi mea i hiki ke hōʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ke kūpuna o ka muliwai dolphin, ʻoiai ʻo ka kumu o kāna kumu hoʻomohala e waiho ana i nā nīnau he nui. Ua haʻalele paha kona mau kūpuna i ke kai no ka wai hou ke piʻi aʻe ka ʻilikai i nā wahi hou ma kahi o 6 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
I ka makahiki 2011, ua wehe nā kānaka noiʻi i kahi mōʻalihaku dolphin kai i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻohālikelike anatomical e pili kokoke ana i ka dolphin Amazonian. Ua loaʻa nā koena ma kahi pūnaewele ma kahakai Caribbean o Panama. ʻO nā ʻāpana i mālama ʻole ʻia e nalo aku me ka iwi poʻo, ka iwi ā lalo, a me nā niho. Ua kōkua nā moʻoho ʻē aʻe i nā pōhaku e hoʻopuni ana i ka ʻepekema i ka makahiki o ka dolphin i kahi pae o 5.8 miliona a 6.1 miliona mau makahiki.
Wikiō: Dolphin muliwai
Kapa ʻia ʻo Isthminia panamensis, he hui ʻana o ka inoa o ko kēia lā dolphin Amazonian a me kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻano hou, kahi iʻa he 2.85 mika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke ʻano o ke poʻo 36 kenimika, i nānā pololei a ma kahi o lalo i lalo e like me nā nalo muliwai o kēia manawa, e hōʻike ana i ka manawa o ka manawa o ka mammal i ke kai, a ʻai paha iʻa, i ʻōlelo nā ʻepekema.
Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical o ka mōʻī, ʻo Isthminia he hoahānau pili a kūpuna paha o ka muliwai muliwai hou. Pili pū kekahi ke kumumanaʻo i loaʻa i ka lāhui he moʻopuna a kahi ʻelemakule a me ka dolphin muliwai i ʻike ʻole ʻia i hoʻi i ke kai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: holoholona holoholona dolphin
ʻEhā ʻano o ka dolphin muliwai:
- ʻO ka Dolphin muliwai Amazon he holoholona ikaika ikaika me nā maka liʻiliʻi a me ka waha lōʻihi lahilahi, pelu iki i ka piko. ʻO lākou wale nō nā koholā niho ʻokoʻa ka niho o ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ka mua ke ʻano conical maʻamau, ʻoiai ke kua e kōkua i ka haki ʻana i nā mea pio. Aia ka puka crescent ma ka hema o ke kikowaena ma ke poʻo, maʻalahi ka ʻāʻī ma muli o ka non-fuse cervical vertebrae a he pelu hoʻi i haʻi ʻia. He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa ko ka Dolphin muliwai Amazon. He huinakolu, he ākea a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻōpuʻupuʻu. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa o kēia ʻano kona kala mai keʻokeʻo / hina a pink. Eia naʻe, he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kekahi poʻe.
- ʻO Baiji kahi iʻa dolphin hou i loaʻa i ka muliwai Yangtze. Polū ʻeleʻele a hina hina a keʻokeʻo kēia ʻano ma ka ʻaoʻao ventral. Loaʻa iā ia kahi haʻahaʻa, triangular dorsal fin, kahi waha lōʻihi, hāpai ʻia, a kau nā maka liʻiliʻi i luna i kona poʻo. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o nā maka a me nā wai ʻino o ka muliwai Yangtze, hilinaʻi ka Baiji i ke kani e kamaʻilio ai;
- He ikaika a maʻalahi hoʻi ke kino o ka Ganges dolphin me kahi fin dorsal triangular haʻahaʻa. Kaupaona i 150 kg. ʻEleʻele nā ʻōpio i ka wā hānau a huli hina hina i ka wā makua me ka ʻili a me ka lauoho ʻole. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka wahine he 2.67 m a ʻo ka kāne he 2.12 m. Hiki i nā wahine ke oʻo moekolohe i ka makahiki 10-12 mau makahiki, ʻoiai ke kāne i oʻo mua;
- ʻIke ʻia ka dolphin La Plata no kona waha lōʻihi loa, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā ʻano dolphin ʻike nui ʻia. Ma ka awelika, hiki i nā ʻelele o kēia laha i 1.5 mau mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ma kahi o 50 kg. He triangular ke ʻano o ka fin dorsal me ka lihi poepoe. I ke ʻano o ke kala, he ʻano ʻāhinahina hina ko kēia mau dolphins me ka waihoʻoluʻu māmā ma ka ʻōpū.
Ma hea e noho ai nā moʻo muliwai?
Kiʻi: Pink River Dolphin
ʻIke ʻia ka Dolphin Amazon ma nā kīʻaha ʻo Orinoco a me Amazon, i nā kumu o nā kahawai, ko lākou mau kahawai a me nā loko, ʻoiai ma kekahi mau wahi i kaupalena ʻia kona ʻano kūlohelohe e ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā dam. I ka wā ua, hoʻonui nā wahi noho i nā ulu lāʻau ulu.
ʻO Baiji, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka inoa ʻo Yangtze Delta Dolphin, he wai Dolphin wai hou. Hui pinepine ʻo Baiji i mau hui a hiki ke hoʻohui i nā hui kaiaulu nui mai 10 a 16 mau kānaka. ʻAi lākou i nā ʻano iʻa wai liʻiliʻi hou, e hoʻohana ana i ko lākou waha loloa a hāpai iki e mākaʻikaʻi i ka muliwai momona o ka muliwai Kina.
Ua ʻike ʻo WWF-India i nā wahi noho maikaʻi loa ma nā pūnaewele he 9 ma nā kahawai he 8 no ka heluna o nā dolphin Ganges a no laila no ka mālama pono ʻana i nā mea nui. ʻO kēia mau mea: ʻo ka Ganga kiʻekiʻe (Bridghat a hiki iā Narora) ma Uttar Pradesh (ke kuhi ʻia ʻo Ramsar Sanctuary), ka muliwai Chambal (a i 10 km ma lalo o ka Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary) ma Madhya Pradesh a me Uttar Pradesh, Gagra a me ʻO ka muliwai ʻo Gandak ma Uttar Pradesh a me ka moku ʻo Bihar, ka muliwai ʻo Ganga, mai Varanasi a hiki i Patna i Uttar Pradesh a me Bihar, nā muliwai ʻo Son a me Kosi ma Bihar, ka muliwai ʻo Brahamaputra ma ka ʻāina Sadia (nā kapuaʻi o Arunachal Pradesh) a me Dhubri (palena Bangladesh), Kulse a me kahi ʻāpana o ka Brahamaputra.
Aia ka La Plata dolphin ma nā kai kai o ka ʻAkelanika ma ka hema hikina o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO kekahi o nā wahi maʻamau i hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou e pili ana i nā wai kai o Argentina, Brazil, a me Uruguay. ʻAʻole i loaʻa kekahi mau noiʻi koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana, eia naʻe ka helu liʻiliʻi o ka ʻikepili dolphin e hōʻike ikaika nei ʻaʻole kū ka neʻe ʻana ma waho o kā lākou kahakai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka dolphin muliwai?
Kiʻi: Dolphin Wai Hou
E like me nā dolphins āpau, hānai nā lawaiʻa i nā iʻa. Aia i loko o kā lākou papa kuhikuhi he 50 mau ʻano iʻa iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻImi pinepine nā dolphins o ka muliwai ma ke kuʻi ʻana i ko lākou waha loloa a wīwī i waena o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau lulū e ʻōpala ana i ka moe o ka muliwai.
ʻIke nā dolphins āpau i ka meaʻai e hoʻohana ana i ka echolocation a i ʻole sonar. He mea nui kēia ʻano kamaʻilio no nā dolphins muliwai ke ʻimi holoholona, no ka mea ʻilihuna loa ka ʻike maka i ko lākou mau wahi noho pouli. Kuhi ka muliwai muliwai i ka iʻa ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā pahu kani kani kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe mai ka lei o kona poʻo. Ke hōʻea kēia mau nalu kani i ka iʻa, hoʻi lākou i ka dolphin, ke ʻike iā lākou ma o ka iwi ā lōʻihi, e like me ka antenna. ʻAʻau aku ka dolphin e lālau i ka iʻa.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā iʻa i loko o ka ʻai o ka muliwai dolphin he iwi nui ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā iʻa kai. Nui nā kino paʻa, ʻaneʻane "pale kaua" nā kino, a pale kekahi iā lākou iho me nā kui ʻoiʻoi a ʻoʻoleʻa. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia pale me ka ā āpana o ka dolphin wai hou a me nā niho "hōʻeha pale kaua". Hoʻolālā ʻia nā niho o mua o ka iwi ā e hou a paʻa a hiki i ka iʻa ikaika loa; ʻo nā niho i ka hope ke hana i kahi mea hana hahi maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi.
Aia a paʻa a haki ka iʻa, moni ʻia ka ʻai me ka nau ʻole. Ma hope, kuha aku paha ia i nā iwi o ka iwi kuamoʻo a me nā ʻāpana indigestible ʻē aʻe o ka mea pio. Hōʻike nā mea nānā i ka hoʻolaha ākea ʻana, e ʻōlelo ana e ʻimi pū kekahi mau dolphins i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: muliwai Dolphin
ʻO nā dolphins muliwai nā mea aloha i noho i loko o nā wai hou no nā kenekulia. ʻIke maʻamau a i ʻole pālua paha i ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, ʻākoakoa pinepine kēia mau dolphins i nā hui he 10 a 15 mau kānaka ke lawa ka lawa pio. E like me ka nui o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe, hiamoe kēia mau dolphins me ka maka o ka maka.
ʻO ka maʻamau, he ʻauʻau lohi kēia mau mea, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka diurnal. Hoʻoikaika nā dolphins muliwai mai kakahiaka a hiki i ke aumoe. Hāhā lākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou mau wili lau a me ka waha i ka manawa like.
ʻIke ʻike ʻole ʻia nā Dolphins e lele ana ma luna o ka wai. Eia naʻe, no ka laʻana, ʻauʻau pinepine nā dolphins Amazonian i lalo. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu o kēia hana. Manaʻo ʻia he hana nā papalina volumous o kēia mau dolphins i mea keakea i kā lākou ʻike, ma muli o ka huli ʻana o kēia mau dolphins i mea e ʻike ai i ka lalo.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Dolphin muliwai holoholona
Pā pāʻani pū nā dolphins muliwai. He hana kaulana kēia no nā holoholona kohola. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema ma hope ua pāʻani nā kāne wale nō i ke kau moʻo. Inā makua kolohe kahi dolphin wahine, hiki iā ia ke ʻumeʻume i hoʻokahi kāne wale nō. No laila, nui ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā kāne. I kā lākou pāʻani moena, hoʻolei i kekahi manawa i nā mea kanu wai a puni lākou. ʻO nā mea pāʻani kāne kāne maikaʻi loa ke nānā aku i ka wahine.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu loa, ua huli ka noho ʻana o nā iʻa muliwai i ka hapa nui o ka manawa. Ua oʻo wahine i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki ʻehiku. ʻO ka wā hānau (ka manawa mai ka hāpai ʻana a hiki i ka hānau ʻana) 9 a 10 mau mahina.
ʻOiai hiki ke hānau i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, momona loa nā mahina mua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻepekema ka hānau ʻana ma lalo o ka wai. Ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, pahu aku nā wahine ʻē aʻe i ka bipi keiki i ka papa o ka wai a hoʻomaka ia e hanu.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻomau i ka hānai ʻana i ka bipi keiki a hiki i nā mahina he 12, ʻoiai ke hōʻike ʻia nei o nā mea i ʻike ʻia, ma ka awelika, hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nā dolphins mai ko lākou makuahine ma hope o kekahi mau mahina wale nō. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o nā moʻo muliwai he 30 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā dolphins muliwai
Kiʻi: Dolphin muliwai Kina
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui i ka dolphin muliwai ke kuhikuhi ʻia i ka hopu holoholona, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā holoholona e like me ka maunu a i ʻole nānā ʻia e nā lawaiʻa ma ke ʻano he hoʻokūkū. ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i nā laha e komo pū me ka hōʻike kanaka, ka paʻa ʻana i nā mea lawaiʻa, ka lawa ʻole o ka mea pio, a me ka hoʻohaumia kemikala. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā dolphins muliwai ma ka IUCN Red List.
Hoʻoweliweli nui ʻia nā dolphins muliwai e ka nui o ka hoʻoneoneo o ka nohona i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haumia, ka wao nahele, kūkulu hale wai a me nā hana luku ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohaumia kemikala mai ke kūlanakauhale, nā ʻoihana a me nā mahiʻai mahiʻai a me ka holo ʻana e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale o nā dolphins muliwai, e waiho ana i nā holoholona i nā maʻi maʻi lele.
Hoʻopilikia ka hopena o ka walaʻau i ka hiki ke hoʻokele. Hoʻoemi ka hoʻoneoneo i ka helu o nā iʻa i nā kahawai, e hoʻonele ana i nā iʻa muliwai o kā lākou mea pio nui. Hoʻololi pū ka hoʻoneoneo i ke ʻano o ka ua, ke alakaʻi pinepine nei i kahi hāʻule o nā wai o ka wai. Huki ka pae wai hāʻule i nā iʻa muliwai i loko o nā loko maloʻo. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā moʻo muliwai e nā lāʻau e lawe pololei ana nā ʻoihana lāʻau i nā kahawai.
Ua alakaʻi i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka lako o nā holoholona o ka honua i nā kahawai a me nā moana, e waiho ana i nā iʻa muliwai i ka hoʻokūkū pololei me nā kānaka no ka meaʻai. ʻIke pinepine nā dolphins muliwai i ka ʻupena a me nā iʻa iʻa a i ʻole kūʻi ʻia e nā mea pahū e hoʻohana ai i ka iʻa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: muliwai Dolphin
Hoʻohana nā Dolphins muliwai āpau i kahi ʻōnaehana eolocation sophisticated e ʻike i nā hoa a me nā mea pio. I ka wā ma mua, noho maluhia nā dolphins a me nā kānaka ma nā kahawai ʻo Mekong, Ganges, Yangtze a me Amazon. Ua maʻa mau ke kanaka i ka iʻa a me ka wai o ka muliwai me nā dolphins o ka muliwai a ua hoʻokomo i nā dolphins muliwai i nā kaʻao a me nā moʻolelo. Ua kōkua kēia mau manaʻo kuʻuna i ke ola ʻana o nā iʻa muliwai. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ʻaʻole kūlike ka poʻe me nā kapu o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā iʻa muliwai a pepehi i nā holoholona i ka nui.
Hoʻopili nā Dams a me nā hana luku ʻē aʻe i nā muliwai i nā dolphins muliwai, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o nā iʻa a me nā pae oxygen. Hoʻoemi pinepine ʻo Dams i nā kahe ma ka hei ʻana i ka wai hou i loko o kā lākou waihona wai a me nā auwai wai. Hoʻokaʻawale pū nā nāʻauwai i ka lāhui dolphin muliwai i nā hui liʻiliʻi a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e lilo i mea maʻalahi i ka make ʻana.
Ke hoʻololi nei ʻo Dams i ke kaiapuni, e hoʻohuli i nā kahawai i nā loli nui. Hoʻoemi kēia hanana i ka likelihood o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā wahi i makemake ʻia no nā dolphins muliwai. ʻO nā hale luku e like me nā wahi paipu a me nā papahana hoʻoulu wai e hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka nohona o nā dolphins muliwai a hoʻopili i ka hiki i nā holoholona ke hoʻohua a ola.
Eia nō naʻe, eia naʻe ke ʻike nei ka poʻe i ke kūlana weliweli o nā dolphins muliwai a ke hoʻāʻo nei no ka mālama ʻana, hoʻomau ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā holoholona ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. I nā manawa he nui, koʻikoʻi ka hōʻemi. Lilo kekahi kanaka i ka loli genetiki e pono ai e ola i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli pōkole a me ka wā lōʻihi, e like me ke aniau a me ka nele i ka ʻai.
Pale pale muli kai
Kiʻi: Buke ʻulaʻula Wai Dolphin
Hoʻoweliweli nui ʻia nā dolphins muliwai, ma muli o ka hana kanaka. Ua koho ʻia a hiki i ka 5,000 mau holoholona i noho i ka muliwai Yangtze i nā makahiki 1950, 300 i ka waena o 1980, a laila 13 wale nō holoholona i ʻike ʻia ma nā ana i nā hopena o nā makahiki 1990. I ka makahiki 2006, ua hoʻolaha kahi hui ʻepekema kūwaho i kēia ʻano o ka dolphin muliwai Kina "ua make", no ka mea ʻaʻohe lumana i ʻike ʻia i loko o kahi ana he 6 mau pule o ka muliwai Yangtze holoʻokoʻa.
Lawe ʻia nā hana palekana dolphin e pili ana i nā kahawai a me nā kahakai a puni ka honua. ʻO nā hana mālama e komo pū me nā papahana noiʻi, ka neʻe ʻana a me ka hānau pio ʻana, a me nā kānāwai e kūʻē i ka luku a hōʻeha ʻana i nā holoholona.
Lawe ʻia ka noiʻi ʻepekema, ka neʻe ʻana a me ka hānau hānai ʻana ma nā wao nahele ʻelua a ma ʻō aku hoʻi. Ua hana nā kānaka noiʻi i nā kūlohelohe a me nā mālama mālama no ka hānau pio ʻana o nā iʻa muliwai. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā pūnaewele dolphin muliwai no ka Basin Amazon a me nā kahawai a me nā muliwai ma ʻAsia. Ke hoʻomaka ʻia nei nā papahana kaiaulu e paipai i nā mea ʻē aʻe e lawaiʻa ana a hoʻomohala i nā papahana mālama kūloko e ʻae ai i nā kānaka a me nā nalo muliwai e kaʻana like i nā kumuwaiwai o ka muliwai. Pāpā ʻia hoʻi nā kānāwai aupuni a kūwaho hoʻi i ka luku ʻana a hōʻino ʻana paha i nā iʻa muliwai a puni ka honua.
ʻO ka heluna o nā kai dolphin i kēia manawa he nui o nā holoholona ʻōpio, ka mea e kaupalena ana i ka hiki ke hana hou a kū i nā mea make e like me ka luku ʻana i ka nohona. Dolphin muliwai Ua hoʻowalewale i nā mea hoʻokele kaiāulu e kāhea i kahi hana kūwaho kūwaho e hoʻopakele ai i nā iʻa muliwai mai ka make ʻana i mea e mālama ai i nā hana kanaka ma nā kahawai. Pono kēia mau hana āpau i hiki i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona lōhiu ke noho maluhia.
Lā paʻi: 21.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 22:13
