ʻO Grouse - motley, e hoʻāpono nei i kona inoa, kahi manu o ka genus like, a no laila ua ʻike ʻia ka inoa binomial Latina ʻo "Bonasa bonasia". Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka wehewehe a me ka inoa e Linnaeus i ka makahiki 1758. He kamaʻāina maʻamau kēia o nā ululāʻau coniferous o Eurasia.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Ryabchik
Pili nā manu i kahi papa moa lehulehu. ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa ka ʻohana pheasant. ʻO kēia ka grouse liʻiliʻi loa: hiki iki ʻole ko lākou kaumaha i 500 g. ʻO ka genus o ka hazel grouse, me ka hoʻohui i ka mea nui, he ʻumi mau lālā hou aku.
Kūlike like lākou a pau i kekahi, ʻokoʻa i ka nohona a me ka liʻiliʻi i ka helehelena a me ka nui. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau ʻokoʻa e kahi loea ke nānā pono ʻia.
Video: ʻO Grouse
ʻOiai ua like like nā ʻauana hazel me ko lākou hoa lawaiʻa, aia kekahi mau hōʻike o ke keʻa ma waena o kēia manu a me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana, akā ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi moʻokalaleo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ke koena o ke kahakaha. ʻO ka hoʻololi mua i ka hoʻololi i ka wā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ke kāʻei hazel. A laila ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻohana i koho ʻia a me kā Severtsov hazel grouse.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka manu ma nā wahi āpau e ulu ai ka ulu, pine a i ʻole ulu lāʻau i loko o Eurasia, he kamaʻāina taiga maʻamau ia. Noho ka manu i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma ka honua, inā makaʻu kekahi mea iā lākou, lele lākou i luna i nā lālā kokoke i ka pahu, akā ʻaʻole neʻe mamao. Mai neʻe ʻo Grouse, noho paʻa i kahi hoʻokahi.
Mea hoihoi: ʻo Hazuse Grouse ka mea kūʻai aku mau loa ma muli o kāna ʻono maikaʻi. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻokoʻa, ʻawaʻawa, ʻono resinous hoʻi. ʻO ka pinepine, i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, nā pahele like ʻole, kau ʻia nā puka lou a paʻa pū me ka ʻupena. Ke ʻimi holoholona ʻana me kahi ʻīlio, kalaiwa ʻo ia i ka grouse grouse i loko o kahi kumulāʻau, e hāʻawi ana i ka manawa kūpono e kī i ka pāʻani.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: ʻAilau manu
He helehelena kūpilikiʻi ko Ptah, ka mea i ʻike iā ia i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole paha e huikau. ʻO ia, me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa - ma kahi o 500 gram, ke nānā aku ke ʻano plump, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ka poʻo. Hoʻoikaika kēia manaʻo e kahi nuku ʻeleʻele (10 mm) ʻeleʻele me kahi piko iki i piʻo ʻia.
Hōʻaʻahu ʻia ka manu i ka plumage motley. ʻO nā lauwili he keʻokeʻo, hina, ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻulaʻula, kahi e hui ai i loko o nā kahakaha, nā hapalua o ka lōʻihi, akā mai kahi mamao e nānā ke oho hina ʻia, aniani iki ʻia me ka ʻulaʻula, hina nā wāwae. Kūleʻa ke kala i ka grouse grouse. ʻEleʻele ka ʻāʻī i nā kāne, a i nā wahine like me ke kala nui o ka umauma.
Ma kahi o nā maka ʻeleʻele aia kahi ʻōlani ʻulaʻula burgundy, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o nā kāne. No nā kāne, he hiʻohiona ke poʻo ma ke poʻo, i ka wahine ʻaʻole haʻi ʻia pēlā, a liʻiliʻi lākou i ka nui. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka manu, e loaʻa ana i kahi kapa komo momona hou aku, lilo i māmā, ʻo nā hulu hou i loaʻa ka palena kukui ākea. Kōkua kēia i nā manu e camouflage maikaʻi ma waena o ka ululāʻau hau.
Inā ʻoe e nānā i nā kapuwaʻi wāwae i ka hau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā manamana ʻekolu e kuhikuhi ana i mua a hoʻokahi i hope, ʻo ia hoʻi, e like me ka moa maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻanuʻu maʻamau o ka manu ma kahi o 10 cm.
Ma hea e noho ai ka hazel grouse?
Kiʻi: hazel grouse i ka puna
Noho nā ʻauʻa hazel i nā ulu lāʻau hui. I nā ulu lāʻau paina hiki ke loaʻa wale ma kahi o ka ulu nui a me ka fern, akā pale lākou i ka uhi mauʻu kiʻekiʻe a paʻa. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia manu akahele, huna, i ka lihi o ka ululāʻau a i ʻole ka lihi, aia wale nō i ka ulu lāʻau. ʻĀina palaoa, ulu lāʻau ma kapa o nā kahawai, nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa, nā ululāʻau spruce me nā lāʻau deciduous: aspen, birch, alder - ma aneʻi ʻoluʻolu nā kahawai hazel me ka lako pono o ka meaʻai.
Ma mua, ua loaʻa lākou ma waena o ʻEulopa a me ʻEulopa, akā no hoʻokahi kenekulia a ʻoi o ko lākou nalo ʻana mai kēia ʻāina. I kēia manawa maʻamau ka laha ma ʻEulopa Hema a hiki i ka Hikina hikina. Loaʻa ia ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o nā Kepanī Kepani, ʻoiai ke emi nei kāna helu ma laila, ma Kōlea. I ka wā ma mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka grouse grouse i nā helu he nui ma nā wahi ululāʻau o Kina a me Mongolia, akā ma hope o ka emi ʻana o kahi i noho ʻia e nā ululāʻau, ua liʻiliʻi loa ka wahi noho o ka manu.
Ma ke komohana o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa, he mau wahi kaʻawale kahi e hālāwai ai ʻoe me kahi manu, e laʻa me, ma Palani, Pelekiuma. I ka hema, holo ka palena hoʻokaʻawale ma nā mauna ʻo Altai, ma Mongolia ma nā mauna ʻo Khangai a me nā mokulele Khentei, ma Kina - ma ka Great Khingan, a laila - ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka Peninsula Korea. Uhi ka wahi i ka Russian Sakhalin a me ka Japanese Hokkaido. I nā wahi hema, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻauʻa hazel i kekahi mau wahi o Caucasus, Tien Shan, ma ka hikina - ma Kamchatka.
He aha ka ʻai a ka hazel grouse?
Kiʻi: Grouse i ka hoʻoilo
I ka papaʻai o ka hazel grouse, aia nā mea kanu a me nā mea kolo ʻelua. ʻO nā Chicks, i nā pae mua o ke ola, hānai i nā mea kolo, nā hua (pupae) o nā naonao, a laila huli iki i mea kanu mea ʻai.
Mea hoihoi: ʻo nā ʻauʻau hazel wale nō kahi i haʻi ʻia i kahi papaʻai kau mau. Eia kekahi, no nā ʻōpū nā manuʻai ke kuleana no ka fermentation o nā olonā mea ulu. I ke kauwela, ke ulu nei ka papa kuhikuhi nui i ka ulu ʻōpio, nā hua, nā mea kolo, ʻaʻole holo pono ia.
Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka puna, ke hiki koke mai nā mea kolo, ʻai ikaika nā ʻāpala hazel i nā ʻūlū ulu nahele, nā ʻiʻo, nā popo, nā ʻūhau a me kā lākou mau larvae, a me nā slug. Mai nā meaʻai mea kanu a lākou e makemake ai: nā ʻanoʻano o nā lau nahele like ʻole, nā inflorescences a me nā ulu ʻōpio o nā ululāʻau, nā birch a me nā alber catkins
Mai nā hua:
- Rowan;
- Kalina;
- Puʻu manu;
- Rosehip;
- Hawthorn;
- Lingonberry;
- Pepeiao;
- Iwi;
- Kaha ulu lāʻau;
- Strawberries, etc.
Hiki ke loli ka hapa nui o ka papaʻai, e like me ka ʻāina o ka noho. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia mai ʻelua a me ka hapa a i ʻeono mau kakini inoa. He mea nui ka ʻohi ʻana o nā hua pinina i ka meaʻai o ka hazel grouse. ʻAi kāna manu me ka hauʻoli nui, ʻoiai e momona ana. I nā makahiki wīwī, hoʻemi loa ka heluna kanaka o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o grouse. Akā hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia o ka momona ma muli o ka spruce a i ʻole nā hua paina.
He mea hoihoi: ʻo ia mau lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus e noho nei ma Siberia, me nā kūlana ʻino a me nā hoʻoilo hau, "momona".
Noho ka manu i ka manawa ma ka honua, ma laila lākou e ʻike ai i ka meaʻai na lākou iho, a kokoke wale i ka hāʻule e hoʻonui lākou i ka manawa ma nā lāʻau, e ʻimi ana i nā ʻanoʻano.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: e ʻeli i ka meaʻai no ka hae hazel, e like me nā moa maʻamau, he mea nui e ale i nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi, i loko o ka ʻeke goiter "wili" i nā olonā maloʻo. ʻO nā moa ʻelua paha hebedoma e ʻūʻū i nā hapa liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiliʻili a i ʻole nā one o ke one.
I ke kauwela, koho nā manu i nā manu huakaʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā alanui ulu lāʻau a i ʻole ma kapa o nā kahawai taiga, ma ka talus. He mea nui ka ʻiliʻili i ka hoʻoilo, ke piʻi nui ka hapa o nā meaʻai ʻino. I ka hoʻoilo, hānai nā manu i nā ʻōlelo ʻoluʻolu a me nā ʻōpuʻu o nā mea kanu deciduous. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia meaʻai i nā calorie, a no laila ua koi ʻia nā manu e hoʻonui i ka nui o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wā kauwela. Ma ke kaupaona, hiki i ka ʻai o kēlā me kēia lā a i 50 g, a i ke kauwela ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 15 g.
I ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa nā ʻauwa hazel i nā lingonberry a i ʻole nā blueberry ma lalo o ka hau. I ke kakahiaka nui, i ka wā e hāmama ai nā ʻone ma lalo o nā kukuna o ka lā, ʻo nā hua e ninini ʻia ana mai loko mai o lākou e kōkua i nā manu kūpulu e hoʻopau pono i ka hoʻoilo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻAuhau hazel holoholona
ʻAʻole hāʻawi pinepine ʻo Grouse i kahi leo, akā inā kū kēia, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i kahi ʻokiʻoki ʻokiʻoki ʻana, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana he ʻelua mau kani lōʻihi a laila ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki, nā haʻihaʻi.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o kēia manu i ka nohona hoʻoilo. E like me ka gruse ʻeleʻele, moe kēia mau lālā liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana i ka hau i ka hau. ʻAʻole kēia wale kahi ala e hūnā ai i nā mea ʻino, a mehana hoʻi ma lalo o ka mānoanoa o ka hau, akā he manawa kūpono hoʻi e hoʻomehana i nā mea o ka goiter. ʻOiai ʻo nā ʻōpuʻu a me nā lālā a ka manu e ʻai ai i kahi moku paʻahau, he nui ka ikaika e hoʻowali iā lākou a wili lākou. He paʻakikī e hana i kēia i ka lewa hau. No laila ke peʻe nei nā manu ma lalo o ka hau inā ua iho ka mahana o ka lewa ma lalo o ka ʻole.
Luu lākou i loko o ka mānoanoa mai nā lālā, kahi i loaʻa ai ka meaʻai na lākou. No kēia, ua lawa ka hohonu o ka uhi ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15 knm. Inā paʻa ka hau, a laila haki nā kīhāpai hazel i ke ala a me ka lua a lākou e peʻe ai. I ko lākou luʻu ʻana i loko o ka hau hau, ʻeli nā manu i kahi papa, me kā lākou mau wāwae, a hoʻolei i ka hau me ko lākou mau ʻēheu, no ka mea i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo ua helehelena iki lākou.
Ke neʻe ma lalo o ka hau, hana ka lua hazel i nā lua, ke nānā a puni. Aia kēlā mau puka ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ka papa ma kahi mamao ma kahi o 20 cm. I ka hau hau, hiki i nā manu i loko o ia mau hale ke hoʻohana i ka hapa nui o ka lā, lele i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha manawa e hānai ai. Uhi ka manu i ke ala i loko o ka lua me ka hau, hana ʻo ia iā ia me kona poʻo.
I loko o kahi lua hau, mālama ʻia ka mahana mau, ma kahi o ka ʻelima mau kekelē. ʻAʻole ia e iho i lalo, a inā mahana ia, a laila hana ka manu i lua hou "no ka lewa". No laila, i loko o ka papa a me ka "moena" ʻaʻole hehee ka papa o ka hau a uhi ʻole ʻia me ka hau, a ʻaʻole māhu ka hulu o ka manu.
Ma ke ʻano he peʻa, hūnā mau nā ʻauʻau hazel ma lalo o ka hau i nā wahi like. Hiki i nā holoholona holoholona a me nā mea ʻimi holoholona ke ʻike maʻalahi i nā keʻena like ʻole e ko lākou ʻano lepo. I ke kauwela, pili pono nā papa hazel i ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī, ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu i nā malihini, akā i ka hoʻoilo mālama pinepine lākou i nā hui liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā hui pālua. Akā i kēia hihia, waiho lākou i nā puka ma kahi mamao, a ma kahi o 6-7 mau mika.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Manu Grouse
He monogamous kēia manu. Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i ka puna - i ka hopena o Malaki - i ka mua o ʻApelila, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka wā. I nā wahi ʻokoʻa, hiki ke mau a hiki i ka iwakālua o Mei (kahi e mehana ai) a hiki i Iune - i ka mua o Iulai - i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻo ka mākaukau o nā kāne e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻaʻole hoʻohuli ʻia e nā kūlana anilehua, akā i ka lōʻihi o nā hola ao.
ʻO ka wā moena no nā ʻauwa hazel, ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka ʻohana grouse, pili pū me ka moena, akā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻohiʻohi i nā ʻāpana he nui i kā lākou iʻa o kēia manawa, akā e nānā pono i kā lākou hoa pākahi ma kā lākou wahi ponoʻī. He ʻāina ponoʻī ko kēlā me kēia kanaka, āna e kiaʻi a pale aku ai. Ke kū mai kahi hoa paio, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale. Ke kokoke loa nā kāne o kēia wā, hele wiwo ʻole lākou i nā palena o ka hoalauna e komo i ke kaua me kahi mea hoʻokūkū ʻē aʻe.
I loko o kēlā mau collision, lawe nā kāne i nā kūlana kolohe:
- Ma ka ʻumiʻumi "kū nā hulu i luna;
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo i mua;
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā plumage āpau;
- Lōʻihi loa ka peʻa o ka huelo.
I ka wā o kēia manawa, wehe ka kāne i kona mau ʻeheu, wehe i kona huelo, lilo ka holoʻokoʻa i mea fluffy, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka volumous, me he mea lā e hoʻāʻo ana e nānā i nā mea hou aku i ka wahine a kū i luna. I kēia manawa, neʻe ʻo ia me nā kaha wikiwiki i ka honua, e kauō ana i kona mau ʻeheu. Hōʻike i nā ʻūlū kūikawā, ke kono ʻana i nā leo. Ma kahi kokoke ka wahine, e pane ana me nā trill whistling pōkole, a holo i ke kāhea.
Hana ʻia ka male ma laila, a laila noho mau ka mau ma mua no kekahi manawa. A laila hana hou i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa. I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, lilo nui ke kāne i ka paona, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hānai, a ʻo nā wahine i kēia manawa ke loaʻa ikaika nei i ka paona ma mua o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua a me nā pua puaʻa.
ʻO kahi pūnana hazel grouse, ma kahi o 20 cm ke anawaena, paʻakikī e loaʻa; noho ia ma lalo o kahi puʻu o ka lāʻau make, i kahi lua liʻiliʻi. Uhi ka manu iā ia i ka mauʻu maloʻo, nā lau o ka makahiki i hala. I nā hihia maʻamau, hoʻohana nā manu i nā pūnana i haʻalele ʻia o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
I ka hopena o ka puna, moe ka wahine ma kahi o 8 mau hua me ke anawaena o 30 mm ka lōʻihi, a hiki i 40 mm (hiki ke hoʻololi i ka helu mai ʻekolu a ʻumikūmālima). He melemele-one ke kala o ka pūpū, pinepine me nā kiko o ka hue ʻeleʻele, ke kala o nā hua manu, i ke kaʻina o ka incubation, mae. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kahi manu lurking e noho ana ma kahi pūnana, nui ia e hui pū ʻia me ke kua o hope.
Hana wale ka wahine i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hua, ʻekolu pule paha ka lōʻihi. Pili mau ke kāne ʻelua i kēia wā a i ka manawa ke noho pū ka moa me nā moa, akā ʻaʻole i komo i ka hānai ʻana a me ka hatching.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻO ke kāne, i ka hanana o ka make ʻana o ka wahine, hiki ke mālama i nā keiki.
Hoʻopiʻi nā pēpē i ka hopena o Mei - I ka mua o Iulai, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻāina. ʻO nā Chicks, e like me nā moa moa, kū koke me ka fluff a, ma hope o lākou maloʻo, hoʻomaka e holo, akā hū pinepine lākou ma lalo o ka ʻēheu o ka makuahine e mahana. Mai nā lā mua, ma lalo o ka mākaʻi a ko lākou makuahine, alualu lākou i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi ma nā lau nahele i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Hoʻopiha hou ka wahine i kā lākou papa kuhikuhi me nā hua hua mu, e lawe mai ana iā lākou i luna. I ke ao, kanu ʻia lākou i nā ulu lāʻau, nā lāʻau make, a me nā mauʻu mānoanoa.
Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka plumage, ma ka hopena o ka pule mua hiki iā lākou ke lele i luna, a i ʻelua mau pule o ko lākou lele ʻana i loko o nā kumulāʻau. I nā lā he ʻumi o ko lākou mau makahiki, kaupaona lākou ma kahi o 10 g, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e kaupaona wikiwiki a i ʻelua mau mahina hiki lākou i ka nui o nā mākua, a ma ia manawa ua loaʻa iā lākou nā hua i maʻa mau i ka ʻaʻa hazel. I ka hopena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa, haki ka pua, a hoʻomaka nā keiki moa i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻauʻau hazel
Kiʻi: Grouse
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻenemi nui o ka huehue hazel i loko o ka makahiki he mustelids, a ma Siberia, he sable nā ʻelele o kēia ʻohana nui. Makemake ʻo ia i kēia manu i nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau, inā paha he koho.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: I ke kau hoʻoilo, hiki i kahi sable ke ʻai i nā kahakaha hazel he ʻelua a ʻoi paha.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka manu ma ka honua i ka hapa nui o ka manawa e hiki ai iā ia i nā mea ʻaihue like ʻole. Nā ʻalopeke, lynx, ferret, marten, weasel - ʻaʻohe makemake lākou āpau i ka ʻahaʻaina ʻana ma kahi lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi o ka pheasant. Hoʻouka pū ʻia kēia manu e nā manu lele: pueo, ʻākena.
I ka hoʻoilo, i mea e pakele ai i ke anuanu a hūnā mai nā mea ʻaihue, komo nā kahawai hazel i loko o ka hau. Ke ʻike nei i kēia mea ʻano ʻokoʻa, nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona ma ia mau wahi i nā pahele a hopu i nā pāʻani me nā ʻupena. Akā hiki i nā martens ke loaʻa i nā kahawai hazel ma lalo o ka uhi o ka hau. Hoʻopakele pinepine ʻia nā manu e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e uhaʻi lākou i nā ala lōʻihi mai hoʻokahi a ʻehā mau mika. A hiki i ka hopu ʻia ʻana o lākou e kahi holoholona holoholona, mālama lākou i ka lawe aku mai ko lākou hale hau.
Hiki i nā puaʻa ʻāhiu - hiki i nā boars hihi ke luku i nā pūnana manu ma ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua manu, pili nui lākou i ka heluna manu o ia wahi.
He mea hoihoi: ʻaʻole ʻai wale nā martens i nā ʻauʻau hazel, akā hana pū kekahi i nā lako mai kēia manu.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā parasites he mau ʻenemi o ka hazel grouse; aia ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau ʻano ʻenuhe, kahi e ʻeha ai nā manu a make.
Hoʻopili ke kanaka i ka heluna kanaka. ʻO Grouse kekahi o nā lāhui o ka pāʻani i uka, i ʻimi ʻia i kekahi mau wahi no nā kenekulia he nui. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino ma muli o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ecological - deforestation. Ma Siberia, aia nā ahi ahi makahiki he nui e luku i nā hectares he nui o ka nahele, a me nā mea ola āpau.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: ʻAilau manu
Ma muli o ka luku ʻia o nā ululāʻau, ua emi iho ka heluna o ka poʻe grouse, ka mea i nui ma mua. I ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Lūkia ma ka ʻākau ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli hekika, aia he ʻelua a ʻekolu a me ka hapa kaukini manu. I waenakonu o Rūsia, aia nā wahi i kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka i noho i ka moku like.
Hoʻemi ka nui o nā manu e hōʻemi a wāwahi i nā wahi noho ma muli o ka hopena o ke kanaka i ke kūlohelohe. Akā noho kēia ʻano i ka hapa nui o nā panalāʻau o ka mōʻaukala a ʻaʻole kokoke i ka make.
Ma ka laulā, ma ʻEulopa, hiki ka heluna kanaka i 1.5-2.9 miliona pālua manu, ma kahi o 30% o ka huina helu. ʻO ka helu nui o kēia mau manu ma Eurasia i koho ʻia ma 9.9-19.9 miliona.
- 10-100 tausani pālua pūnana i Kina;
- Aia ma kahi o 1 miliona mau pālua ma Kōlea;
- Ma Iapana, aia he 100 tausani - 1 miliona mau pālua.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka ma Lūkia.I kēia mau lā, ma muli o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka ʻimi holoholona i kahi nui no ka lawe aku i nā moa, ua kūpaʻa ka lehulehu ma ka Russian Federation a ma nā ʻāina post-Soviet.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hopena anthropogenic, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka loli lehulehu e nā hoʻoilo anuanu me nā thaws. Ke hana ʻia ka palaoa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā manu ke burrow i loko o ka hau. Ke koena nei no ka pō ma lalo o ka lewa ākea, make nā manu i ka hypothermia. ʻO ka pinepine, loaʻa nā ʻauʻau hazel iā lākou iho i loko o ka ʻupena hau i lalo o ka hau. Ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole, 30-50 pakeneka wale nō o nā moa i nā kahawai hazel e ola i ke ʻano makua, he hapaha o lākou e make i nā lā mua.
Loiloi ʻia ke kūlana kūloko o kēia manu me he mea ʻaneʻane hoʻoweliweli ʻia.
Pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi manu ʻana i kēia manu i kekahi mau ʻāina o ʻEulopa. I Kelemania, ua hana ʻia nā ana e hoʻihoʻi hou i nā hana hazel. Ma Finilana, ke hoʻomau nei ka mālama ʻana i ka helu lehulehu.
No ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o kēia mau manu, pono nā ana e mālama ai i nā wahi nui o ka nahele a lawe i nā hana kanu ululāʻau kahi i luku ʻia e ke ahi a i ʻole nā kānaka. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka nohona a me nā pilina ma waena o nā kikowaena o ka lehulehu he mea nui. Kōkua nā wahi i pale ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i kahi heluna paʻa. ʻO Grouse he manu hoihoi loa a ʻano ʻē, ka heluna kanaka o ia mea ʻaʻole pono e hōʻole.
Lā paʻi: 12.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 16:42
