Sila Caspian i kekahi ala ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ka sila Caspian. Ma waho, ʻano like lākou i nā sila. He kino kahawai ko lākou, kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi, poepoe a me kahi kino fusiform. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu loa, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi holoholona nani a fluffy e nā zooologist e pili ana i ka ʻohana pinniped.
I kēia lā, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau ʻelele o ka honua holoholona he poʻe ʻaihue e kokoke ana i ka make. Kūpilikiʻi ke kūlana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka Russian Federation ʻaʻole i helu ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona i loko o ka Red Book a hāʻawi ʻia kahi quota no nā sila ʻimi holoholona.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: sila Caspian
ʻO ka sila Caspian no nā mammal chord, kahi ʻelele o ke kauoha o nā mea ola kino, ka ʻohana o nā sila maoli, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka genus o ka sila a me nā ʻano o ka sila Caspian. Māhele hou ʻia ka laha i ʻelua mau ʻāpana. Kū ka papahelu ma muli o ka waihona wai i noho ai nā holoholona. Noho ʻelua ʻano i loko o ka wai kai, hoʻokahi i ka wai maoli.
Manaʻo ʻia nā sila kekahi o nā holoholona kahiko loa ma ka Honua. ʻAʻohe ʻike pili pono e pili ana i ko lākou kumu a me ka evolution. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa nā Zoologists i ko lākou mau kūpuna kahiko i noho ma ka Honua i ke kau Tersiia. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻano ʻokoʻa ko lākou. He mau lālā ko lākou, kahi i ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana i loli a hoʻololi ʻia i flipers.
Video: sila Caspian
Maliʻa paha, ʻo lākou nā kūpuna o nā sila hema, a i ʻole nā sila, i noho ma ke kahawai ʻo Sarmast-Pantenichesky, kekahi o nā koena o ia kai ʻo Caspian Sea. Hōʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ke kupuna kahiko kahi i lawe ʻia mai ai ka sila Caspian, ʻo ia ka wepa kani. Ua ola ma ka honua ma kahi o ʻelua miliona mau makahiki i hala. Ma hope, ua neʻe i ka Caspian a me Baikal, a hāʻawi i ʻelua mau ʻano sila hou, ʻo kekahi o ia sila ka Caspian seal.
ʻO nā koena o nā holoholona i mālama ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa ma kahakai wale nō, akā ma nā ʻāina o nā pōhaku a me nā puʻu, a me nā glacier lana nui hoʻi, e nui ana i ke kai Caspian. I loko o ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau mānoanoa, ʻike ʻia nā koena o nā kūpuna kahiko o nā sila Caspian i kēia manawa ma kahakai ʻo Volga, a ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o ke kai Caspian.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: sila Caspian holoholona
ʻO ke ʻano o ke kino o ka holoholona holoholona ʻānō ke nānā aku e like me ke kālapa. ʻO kēlā kino e ʻae iā ʻoe e neʻe a neʻe wikiwiki i nā wahi o ka wai. ʻOkoʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua mai 130 a 170 mau kenimika, ʻo ke kaumaha o ke kino he 40-120 kilokika. I kēia mau māmela, hōʻike iki ʻia ka moekolohe dimorphism. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne, ʻeleʻele ke kala o ko lākou huluhulu, elongated iki ka waha.
ʻAʻohe o ka ʻāʻī o nā sila, a i ʻole hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia. ʻAneʻane huli ke kino i poʻo liʻiliʻi me kahi iwi poʻo pālahalaha a me kahi ihu elongated. ʻIke ʻia ma mua, ke ʻano o ka helehelena o ka holoholona e like me ko ka popoki, koe wale no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pepeiao. Ua hoʻololi ʻia kā lākou mau sila e nā aʻa hoʻolohe, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Ma waho, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi āpau.
ʻO nā peʻa Caspian he mau maka nunui, ʻeleʻele, poepoe, a hōʻike. ʻO ka maka ʻeleʻele, nunui nā maka i koʻikoʻi i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. Ma kahi kino liʻiliʻi i uhi ʻia me ka fluff māmā, he nui wale lākou. ʻAno like nā pēpē me nā pueo. He hanana kūikawā ko nā maka, ma muli o ka uhi ʻia o nā maka me kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i ka wā o ka sila i ka wai. Pulu pinepine ka maka i ka wahi ākea, no laila ke uē nei ka holoholona.
I nā sila Caspian, hoʻomohala ʻia kahi papa o ka momona subcutaneous. ʻAe kēia i nā sila e hoʻomanawanui i ke aniau anuanu paʻakikī, ka nele o ka meaʻai, a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka wai hau. ʻAe ʻia i nā holoholona e poʻi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili kai.
Kūleʻa ka ʻili o ka sila Caspian. Uhi ʻia ka ʻili me ka lauoho lahilahi, ākea a manoanoa hoʻi, kahi mea e kōkua ʻole ai e ʻike anuanu a paʻa i ka wai hau. ʻO kaʻaʻahu i nā mākua he ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hope ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻomaʻomaʻo
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā lālā e kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana i ka wai. Aia nā membrane ma waena o nā manamana wāwae. He maiuu ikaika a lōʻihi ko ka forelimbs. Hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e hana i puka i ka hau. I kēia ala, hele aku nā holoholona mai ka wai a pae i ka ʻāina, a hopu paha i ka ea.
Ma hea e noho ai ka sila Caspian?
Kiʻi: sila o ke kai Caspian
Ua loaʻa ka inoa o nā holoholona mai ko lākou wahi noho. Noho wale lākou ma nā panalāʻau o ke kai Caspian mai ʻIrania iho a i ke kai Caspian. ʻAʻohe o ka heluna sila i ka kahakai hema o ke kai Caspian.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. ʻO ka sila Caspian wale nō ka māmela e ola ana i ke kai Caspian.
Hele nā sila Caspian i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i kēlā me kēia kau. Me ka hoʻomaka o ke kau hoʻoilo, neʻe nā holoholona āpau i nā aniani o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kai Caspian. Me ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi kau mahana, e emi mālie a hoʻoheheʻe nā glaciers.
A laila neʻe nā holoholona i ka palena o ke kai waena a me ka hema o ke kai Caspian. Aia kahi lawa pono o ka lako o ka meaʻai, e ʻae iā ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i kahi nui o ka momona subcutaneite, kahi e kōkua iā ʻoe e ola i ka hoʻoilo, i kekahi manawa hoʻoilo kau.
I ke kau mahana, hoʻopau pinepine ka sila Caspian ma ka waha o Volga a me Urals. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā holoholona e holoholo manuahi ana i nā ʻāpana hau hau kaʻawale. Ua hoʻomaopopo nā kānaka noiʻi i ka hoʻoilo, aia nā holoholona i loko o ka wai i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, a i ke kau mahana, i ka ʻokoʻa, noho ka hapa nui i ka ʻāina.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka sila Caspian?
Kiʻi: Puke ʻulaʻula Caspian
ʻO ka peʻa Caspian he māmela karnivora. Loaʻa i ka sila i kāna meaʻai i ka wai.
He aha ka mea e hiki ke lawelawe ma ke kahua forage no ka sila Caspian:
- ʻO Gobies;
- Sprat;
- Ululāʻau;
- Sandy shirokolobka;
- Kealohapau;
- Bocoplavas;
- ʻAterina.
ʻO nā mea punahele no kēia mau holoholona he ʻano like ʻole o nā gobies. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka iʻa a i ʻole nā kahulihuli liʻiliʻi o ka moana i ka nui. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka shrug a me nā ʻano like ʻole o crustacea ma mua o 1-2% o ka nui o nā papaʻai o nā holoholona. Ma mua, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ia nā sila Caspian i nā nui he nui e luku i ka lehulehu o nā iʻa keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou. Eia naʻe, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma hope, hiki ke hopu wale ʻia kēia iʻa i meaʻai no nā sila.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: sila Caspian
Hoʻolilo ka makuahine i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ka wai. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā sila Caspian heʻauʻau maikaʻi loa. ʻO ke kino kālī a me kahi poʻo stream stream e kōkua iā ia e luʻu maikaʻi a noho ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i hoʻokahi hola a me ka hapa. I ka wā o ke komo ʻana i lalo o ka wai, pani ʻia nā puka ihu a me nā aʻa hoʻolohe, a hiki i ka holoholona ke hanu mahalo i ka nui o nā akemāmā a me ka lako o ka oxygen i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o lākou. Hiamoe pinepine nā holoholona i ka ʻili o ke kai, me ka hele ʻole i uka.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. He hohonu loa ka hiamoe hiamoe o ka sila Caspian. Ua wehewehe pinepine nā kānaka noiʻi i kēlā ʻano hanana ke ʻau aku lākou i kahi holoholona e hiamoe ana i ka wai, huli lākou i lalo ke alo, a hoʻomau ka hiamoe o nā sila i ka pane ʻole ʻana i ka poʻe.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, hele ka māmela i loko o ka wai a noho ma aneane a hiki i ka pūnāwai, e hele ana i kekahi manawa i ka ʻāina i mea e loaʻa ai ka ea. Loaʻa i nā holoholona nā wahi kahi a lākou e makemake ai e pae i ka ʻāina - ka mea i kapa ʻia he rookeries. ʻO ia i kā lākou rookeries e hele mai nā holoholona me ka hoʻomaka o ka wā hānau.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā holoholona e ka lohe maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o ka pilau, a me ka maka maka maikaʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e ka hana hilinaʻi ʻole a makaʻala loa. Makaʻala loa nā holoholona i ka wā ke hele lākou i ka ʻāina. ʻIke a kānalua paha i ka weliweli, lele koke lākou i loko o ka wai.
Ma waho, he ʻano palupalu, mānoanoa nā holoholona. Eia naʻe, he kuhi hewa nui kēia. Ikaika loa lākou, nimble, a ʻaneʻane ʻole e luhi. Inā pono, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala i kahi wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe i ka wai - a i 30 km / h. I ke ʻano mālie, ʻau lohi lākou i ka ʻau. Ma ka ʻāina, neʻe lākou ma o ka forelimbs a me ka huelo, kahi e manamana ʻokoʻa ʻia.
Mālama nā sila e alakaʻi i kahi nohona kaʻawale. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou i nā hipa wale nō i ka wā o ka male. Akā i kēia manawa, hoʻāʻo lākou e mālama i ko lākou mamao a pale aku i kekahi i kekahi.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: sila Caspian
Hana ʻia ke ʻano makua i ka hiki ʻana o nā holoholona i 6-7 mau makahiki, a ʻoi aku, i nā kāne ke kū ma hope o ka wahine. Hana nā wahine wahine i nā keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻekolu paha makahiki. 10-11% o nā wahine makua ʻole e hānau keiki ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kau male ʻana.
Hoʻomaka ka wā moʻa no nā sila i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ke hele nā holoholona i waho o ka wai a pae i ka ʻāina. ʻO ka manawa hānau he 10-11 mau mahina. Hānau nā wahine i kā lākou mau keiki ʻoiai ma ka hau. Aia i loko o kēia wā he maʻalahi lākou no nā mea ʻaihue. Hiki i hoʻokahi wahine ke hānau i hoʻokahi i ʻekolu mau pēpē. Hānau ʻia lākou i uhi ʻia me ka keʻokeʻo mānoanoa i lalo. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou he sila. I ka mua, hānai ʻia nā ʻōpio i ka waiū o ka makuahine. Kūpono kēia wā no 2-4 mau mahina, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kūlana o ka manawa a me nā ʻano wela.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. ʻO nā sila Caspian nā holoholona kū hoʻokahi i hāʻawi ʻia i ka hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe a hoʻomau hou paha i ka ulu intrauterine o nā embryos. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ke aniau koʻikoʻi o nā hoʻoilo wahi, ke ola ʻole nā pēpē ke hānau ʻia lākou i kēia wā.
Ma mua o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o nā keiki, kūkulu nā holoholona i nā hale pale kūikawā mai ka hau, kahi e hānai ai lākou i nā pēpē. A laila hoʻoili mālie ʻo māmā iā lākou i ka papaʻai mākua, e hāʻawi ana i ka iʻa, crustacea a me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i mea e ʻono ai. A hiki i ka manawa ke kuapo nā ʻīlio sila i ka papaʻai makua, hoʻololi ke kala o ko lākou huluhulu i kahi maʻamau, makua. ʻAʻole pili nā kāne i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki. ʻO ka mālama ʻana a hānai ʻana i nā pēpē ka hopohopo wale nō o ka makuahine.
Kūkākūkā nā Zoologists inā kū lākou i nā kūlana maikaʻi a me ka nui o ka meaʻai, hiki i ke ola ke hiki i 50 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola maoli o nā māmela ma mua o 15 mau makahiki. Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka ulu ʻana o ka holoholona a hiki i iwakālua mau makahiki, a laila ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lunamaka o nā mea hānai holoholona e ola ʻole i ka makahiki waena.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka makahiki kikoʻī o ke kanaka ma ka helu ʻana i ka helu o nā pōʻai ma nā niho a i nā māiʻuʻu. He hiʻohiʻona kūikawā kēiaʻole heʻano o kekahiʻano holoholona'ē aʻe.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā sila Caspian
Kiʻi: Caspian sila mai ka Red Book
ʻ claimlelo nā kānaka noiʻi ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o kēia mau holoholona. ʻO ke kāne wale nō ka mea, nāna ka hana e alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi nui i ka helu o nā holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, nā sila, a ʻo nā keiki hānau hou hoʻi, hāʻule pinepine i nā mea ʻaihue ikaika a ʻoi aku ka nui.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka sila Caspian:
- Bea ʻeleʻele;
- Alopeke;
- Sable;
- Nā Wolves;
- Aeto;
- Nā kohola kohola;
- Mano Greenland;
- Aeto huelo keʻokeʻo.
I nā hihia maʻamau, i ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi waihona meaʻai, hiki i nā walrus ke alualu i nā ʻōpio a me nā mea liʻiliʻi. Pilikia loa nā wahine i ka wā hānau o nā keiki, a me nā keiki, ka mea a ko lākou makuahine i hele ai e ʻimi i ka meaʻai a waiho i kāna pēpē i ka lua wale nō me ka mālama ʻole ʻia.
Hanaʻino ke kanaka i nā holoholona. ʻO kāna hana, e pili ana me ka heluna nui o ka laha e emi nui nei, ʻaʻole pili wale me ka hopu holoholona a me ka ʻimi ʻana, akā me ka haumia o ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā mea hānai manu hānai. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui ke kumu e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ai ke ola o nā holoholona i nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me kā lākou helu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Nerpa i ke kai Caspian
I kēia lā ʻo ka sila Caspian kahi ʻano make o nā mea hānai manu. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ulu mau ʻana o ka hana hoʻokele waiwai kanaka, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka luku, haumia a me ka luku ʻana i ka nohona kūlohelohe o ka sila Caspian. ʻOiai ke hoʻāʻo nei nā zoologists e hoʻomohala a hana i nā ana kūpono e mālama ai i nā laha a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka lehulehu, e liʻiliʻi ana ka nui o nā holoholona i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I ka wā ma mua, ua lehulehu a lehulehu nā lehulehu o ka sila Caspian a ʻoi aku i hoʻokahi miliona mau kānaka. Hoʻomaka ka hele i lalo i kā lākou helu i nā makahiki 70. Ma hope o 5-7 mau makahiki wale nō, ua emi ia e ka hapalua a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 600,000 mau kānaka. ʻO ka hulu o kēia ʻano peʻa e waiwai nui ʻia.
Ua helu ʻia ka holoholona i loko o ka International Red Book me ke kūlana o "endangered." I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i kēia ʻano holoholona ma ka pae kānāwai, akā palena wale ʻia. ʻAe ʻia ke kānāwai e hoʻomake ʻaʻole ma mua o 50,000 mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia kiʻi ke hoʻoweliweli i kēia kūlana.
Eia nō naʻe, mamao loa ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a me ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā kumu wale nō no ka luku ʻia o kēia ʻano. ʻO nā maʻi nui o nā holoholona, ka luku a me ka hoʻohaumia o nā wahi maoli, a me ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki e hoʻopilikia loa.
Ka pale ʻana i nā sila Caspian
Kiʻi: Puke ʻulaʻula Caspian
I Lūkia, i kēia manawa, i ka pae kānāwai, ke hoʻonā ʻia nei ka pilikia o ke kaomi ʻana, ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka mana o ke kanaka i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano. Ua waiho ʻia kahi hoʻoholo e hoʻokomo i ka sila Caspian i ka Red Book o ka Russian Federation a me ka pāpā ikaika loa i ka huli holoholona. I kēia lā, ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hoʻohaumia o ka wai Caspian Sea e ka ʻōpala mai nā ʻoihana hana ʻaila a me nā ʻaila.
Hana ʻia nā hana e pale aku ai i nā laha mai ka hopena kanaka:
- Ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā wahi pale no nā sila Caspian;
- Ka nānā ʻana i ka haumia o ka wai ma ke kai Caspian a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumu ʻino e hāʻawi ana i kēia;
- Kāohi a pale ʻana i ka hopu ʻana o nā holoholona a me nā keiki bipi no nā ʻano noiʻi like ʻole a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o ka heluna kanaka;
- ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā kahu hānai kūikawā, nā pāka aupuni, kahi e hana ai nā zologist, ʻepekema a me nā kānaka noiʻi i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā laha;
- Hoʻomohala a hoʻokō ʻia o nā papahana o ka honua no ka pale ʻana i kēia laha o nā mammal predatory.
Sila Caspian he holoholona kupaianaha a nani loa ia. Eia nō naʻe, e nalo koke paha mai ka maka o ka honua. Ma muli o ka mālama ʻole i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a me ka honua o nā holoholona, hiki i ke kanaka ke luku i kahi lunamakaʻāinana kū hoʻokahi o flora a me nā holoholona. No laila, he mea nui ia e hana i nā hana āpau e mālama a hoʻihoʻi i kāna mau helu.
Ka lā paʻi: 09.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 16:03
