ʻO ka ʻalopeke kahi holoholona na ka ʻohana canine. Nui ka nui o nā ʻano ʻalopeke i ke ʻano. Akā pololei ʻalopeke pepeiao nui manaʻo ʻia he ʻano kū hoʻokahi a kākaʻikahi loa hoʻi. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano no ka mea he pepeiao elongated lōʻihi loa kona mau lunamakaʻāinana, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 15 kenimika.
ʻO ka inoa o kēia ʻano, i unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene i ka Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻīlio nui a pepeiao nui." I nā ʻāina he nui i ʻApelika, manaʻo ʻia ka holoholona he predator a hoʻoweliweli i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ma kekahi mau wahi i hānai ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he holoholona.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Alopeka pepeiao pepeiao nui
ʻO ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui o nā māmela chordate, kahi lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o nā mea ola kino, ka ʻohana canine, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka genus a me nā ʻano o ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui.
ʻO nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui, e like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana canine, i iho mai nā myacids i ka hopena o Paleocene, ma kahi o kanalima miliona mau makahiki i hala. Ma hope iho, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻohana kēne i ʻelua mau suborder: ka canine a me ka popoki-e like me. ʻO ke kūpuna kahiko o nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui, e like me nā ʻalopeke ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka progesperation. Ua loaʻa kona mau koena ma ke komohana hema o Texas i kēia manawa.
Video: Alopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi o nā kūpuna o ka ʻalopeke he nui ko lākou kino a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā lālā. I ke kaʻina hana o ka evolution, ua loli ka predator. Ua mahele ʻia i nā mea ʻohana he nui, ʻo kekahi o lākou ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui. Ma muli o nā mea ʻano ʻē o ke aniau i nā panalāʻau o ko lākou wahi noho a me ka palena o ke kumu meaʻai, ua huli kēia ʻano holoholona i ka hānai ʻana i nā mea kolo.
Pono nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao i nā nui o nā poʻe konane i mea e hānai ai iā lākou iho, a me nā pepeiao nui hiki ke hopu i ka neʻe iki ʻana o nā kolo a hiki i ka honua i ke kōkua iā lākou i ka ʻimi ʻO ka wehewehe mua o ka laha i hana ʻia e ka mea noiʻi Palani - zoologist Anselm Demare ma 1822.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Alopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui
Ma waho, he mea like ia me nā ʻīlio ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio raccoon. He kumukānāwai palupalu kā ka ʻalopeke a me nā lālā pōkole a lahilahi. ʻO nā wāwae i mua he ʻelima mau wāwae, ʻehā nā manamana wāwae nā hope. He mau māiʻuo lōʻihi, ʻoi loa nā forelimbs, a hiki i ʻelua a me ka hapalua keneta ka lōʻihi. Hana lākou ma ke ʻano he mea ʻeli.
Liʻiliʻi ka waha o ka holoholona, kihi, elongated. Ma ka maka he poepoe, maka maka ʻeleʻele i ka ʻeleʻele. Ke komo nei ʻo ia i kahi ʻano mask i hana ʻia me ka ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane huluhulu ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā pepeiao a me nā lālā he like ke kala. Nui nā pepeiao, triangular, liʻiliʻi i ka lihi. Inā pelu ka ʻalopeke iā lākou, e uhi maʻalahi lākou i ke poʻo holoʻokoʻa o ka holoholona. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia i loko o nā pepeiao he nui nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻopili ʻia, kahi e hoʻopakele ai i ka ʻalopeke mai ka wela i nā kūlana o ka wela nui a me ka wela o ʻApelika.
ʻAʻohe o ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao ikaika, ikaika a i ʻole nā niho nui. He 48 kona mau niho, me 4 mau aʻa aʻa aʻa. Liʻiliʻi nā niho, akā ma muli o kēia ʻano o ka iwi ā, hiki i ka holoholona ke nau koke i ka meaʻai a me ka nui.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o hoʻokahi mākua a hiki i ka hapalua mika. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma nā mea mae wale ma mua o kanahā kenimika. Kūlike ke kaumaha o ke kino ma waena o 4-7 kilo. Hōʻike nui ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe. He huelo lōʻihi a fluffy hoʻi kā kēia ʻano. ʻO kona lōʻihi ua aneane like ia me ka lōʻihi o ke kino a he 30-40 centimetres. ʻO ka piko o ka huelo ka mea pinepine i ke ʻano o ka palaki ʻeleʻele fluffy.
ʻAʻole like ke kala o ka holoholona me ka hapanui o nā ʻalopeke. He melemele-ʻeleʻele kona kala, loaʻa i kahi kala hina-hina hina. ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele nā lālā, a ʻeleʻele paha, melemele keʻokeʻo ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui?
Kiʻi: Alopeka ʻApelika pepeiao nui
Noho nui nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui i nā ʻāina wela me nā aniau maloʻo ma loko o ka ʻāina ʻApelika. Noho lākou i nā savannas, nā ʻāpana steppe, ma ka panalāʻau o laila he mau ulu lāʻau nui, nā mauʻu, nā ulu lāʻau. Pono lākou i hiki i nā holoholona ke hūnā mai ka lā wela a me ka wela, a peʻe hoʻi mai ka alualu a me nā ʻenemi.
Kahi noho fox pepeiao pepeiao nui:
- APELIKA HEMA;
- Namibia;
- Botuana;
- Suazilana;
- Zimababue;
- Lisoto;
- Zamibia;
- Anagola;
- Mozamabika;
- Sudana;
- Kenia;
- Somalia;
- Elikilea;
- Tanazania;
- Ukanada;
- Aikiopa;
- Malaui.
I kahi e noho ai ka ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui, ʻaʻole pono ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu ma mua o 25-30 mau kenimika. Inā ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lawa i ka meaʻai a me nā kolo mai ka honua. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai ma ka ʻāina kahi e noho ai nā holoholona, nānā lākou i kahi nohona ʻē aʻe kahi e hiki ai iaʻu ke hānai iaʻu iho.
Hoʻohana i kahi lua e like me kahi noho. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa kēia mau canine e ʻeli i nā hale malumalu iā lākou iho. Hoʻohana lākou i nā lua i ʻeli ʻia e nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka honua holoholona, akā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole i noho ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka lā, ʻo ka hapa nui i ke ao, peʻe lākou i nā lua anuanu. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻohana lākou i nā lua o aardvark, kahi e ʻeli ai i hale hou no lākou iho ʻaneʻane i kēlā me kēia lā.
Ma muli o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā anaina, ʻāpana ʻia nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui i ʻelua ʻano. Noho kekahi o lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka moku ʻApelika mai Sudan a i waena o Tanzania, ka lua - ma kona ʻaoʻao hema mai ka Repubalika o ʻApelika Hema a Angola.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻalopeke pepeiao nui?
Kiʻi: Alopeka pepeiao pepeiao nui
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻino o nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui nā holoholona ʻaihue, ʻo ke kumu nui o ka meaʻai na lākou ʻaʻole ia he ʻiʻo. Kupanaha, ʻai lākou i nā mea kolo. ʻO ka mea ʻai punahele ka poʻe kauā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. ʻAi paha kahi mākua ma kahi o 1.2 miliona mau makahiki i ka makahiki.
Loaʻa nā niho he 48 i kēia mau kini. ʻOiai kēia, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikaika o kā lākou mau ā i ka ikaika o nā ā ā o nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou he poʻe hahai holoholona, a ʻaʻole pono lākou e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo, paʻa i ka mea pio a ʻokiʻoki iā ia. Akā, ua hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe iā lākou i ka hiki ke nau i nā meaʻai kokoke i ka wikiwiki uila. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e māʻona i ka holoholona koi i kahi nui o nā kolo.
Hoʻohana ka holoholona i kona mau pepeiao e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā leo iki o nā kolo e neʻe ana i lalo o ka honua. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi leo kamaʻāina, ʻeli ka holoholona i ka honua me ka wikiwiki o ka uila me ka ikaika, lōʻihi nā māiʻuʻu a ʻai i nā ʻelala.
He aha ke kumu meaʻai
- Anati;
- Hua;
- Juicy, wana ʻōpio o nā mea kanu;
- Mole;
- Larvae;
- Nā pepelu, nā nalo;
- Nā meli;
- Punawelewele;
- Akiona;
- Nā moʻo;
- Nā māmele liʻiliʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. Hōʻoia ʻepekema ʻo kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana canine he niho ʻono. ʻAi hauʻoli lākou i ka meli mai nā pi ʻāhiu a me nā hua momona. I ke alo o ia mau huahana meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai wale no ka manawa lōʻihi.
I ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o ka noho ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa inoa nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻApelika i hoʻokahi hihia o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā holoholona kūloko. Hōʻoia kēia mea ʻaʻole lākou he poʻe alualu holoholona. ʻAʻole hele mai nā ʻalopeke i kahi o ka wai, no ka mea, uhi ʻia ka pono o ke kino no ka momona e ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua a me nā ʻano meaʻai momona o ka mea kanu.
Hele lākou e ʻimi i nā meaʻai i ka pō ma muli o ka wela nui. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao loa - 13-14 kilomita i kēlā me kēia pō.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Alopeka pepeiao pepeiao nui mai ʻApelika mai
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana canine i kahi nohona auwana, a me ke ʻano hele auwana. Hoʻololi lākou i ka ʻāina i ka nui o nā meaʻai. Ke pau ka hana, neʻe lākou i nā wahi ʻē aʻe.
He monogamous maoli nā ʻalopeke. Koho nā kāne i wahine me lākou e ola ai i ko lākou ola. Noho pū nā kāne ma waena o ka lua lua, moe ʻaoʻao a kōkua, kōkua kekahi i kekahi i ka mālama ʻana i ka hulu hipa, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke ola nā kāne me ʻelua mau wahine i ka manawa like, ke hana nei i kahi ʻano o ka harem.
I nā hihia maʻamau, hiki iā lākou ke noho i kahi hui. He wahi noho ko kēlā me kēia ʻohana a hui paha, ma kahi o 70-80 hectare. ʻAʻole ia he ʻano maʻamau na lākou e māka i ko lākou ʻāina a pale i ke kuleana e noho iā ia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. Ma ke kūlohelohe, manaʻo nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui i nā holoholona hāmau, akā makemake lākou e kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi ma o ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau leo. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā leo o nā ʻāpana ʻeiwa ʻokoʻa. ʻEhiku o lākou i lalo, a hoʻolālā ʻia e kamaʻilio me kā lākou congeners, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻelua a hoʻohana ʻia e kamaʻilio me nā hoa paio a me nā hoʻokūkū.
Inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke loaʻa kahi lua noa, ʻeli lākou i kā lākou iho. Eia nō naʻe, ʻano like lākou me nā labyrinth maoli me nā puka komo a me nā puka ʻē aʻe, nā keʻena he nui. Inā mālama nā mea ʻino e ʻike i ka lua, haʻalele koke ka ʻohana fox i kona puʻuhonua a ʻeli hou nona iho, ʻaʻole emi a paʻakikī a nui hoʻi.
Inā lilo ka ʻalopeke i mea e alualu ai e ka mea ʻino, hoʻomaka koke ʻo ia e heʻe, luʻu i loko o nā ulu mauʻu a mauʻu paha, a laila hoʻololi i kāna ala hele me ka wikiwiki uila, huli i kekahi o ko lākou mau lālā mua. Hāʻawi kēia manuahi iā ʻoe e mālama i ka wikiwiki a luʻu ʻole me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia i loko o kekahi o nā labyrinths he nui o kou puʻuhonua. Aia nō i loko o nā holoholona e huikau nā predators, e hoʻi nei i ko lākou kapuwai ponoʻī.
Pili ka hana i kēlā me kēia lā i ke aniau. I ka wela wela a me ka wela ʻoi loa ka hana i ka pouli, i ka hoʻoilo e hana i ke ao.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Alopeka pepeiao pepeiao nui
ʻO nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nunui he monogamous e ke ʻano, a noho pū me ka wahine like i ko lākou ola a pau. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hihia ke koho nā kāne i ʻelua mau wahine a noho pū me lākou. Eia kekahi, ke launa pū nei lākou me ka maluhia loa, kōkua e mālama i nā keiki.
ʻO ka wela o ka wahine he mau manawa pōkole loa - hoʻokahi lā wale nō. Aia i loko o kēia manawa pōkole o ka manawa e hoʻokele ai kekahi i nā kāne a he ʻumi mau manawa. Hānau ʻia nā ʻāpana Fox i hoʻokahi manawa wale nō i ka makahiki. ʻO ka manawa hānau he 60-70 mau lā. Hānau ʻia nā ʻōpala i ka manawa ke kau ka ua ma ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻApelika, a ua helu ʻia kahi nui o nā ʻelala, nā mea e pono ai ka hānai ʻana i ka wahine a me nā keiki.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine mai hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau pēpē i hānau. Lawe nui ke kāne i ka mālama ʻana iā lākou. Mālama ʻo ia i ka lua, loaʻa iā ia ka meaʻai na lākou, kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka huluhulu. Inā he mau wahine ʻelua, kōkua ka lua i ka hānai a mālama ʻana iā lākou. Hānau makapō lākou, olohelohe a kōkua ʻole. ʻEhā wale nā nipples o ka wahine, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hānai hou i nā keiki. ʻO ka manawa pinepine he mau hanana ke pepehi ʻo ia iā ia iho i nā pēpē nāwaliwali a palaka loa hoʻi.
ʻIke ʻia ka hihiʻo i nā alopeke i ka lā ʻeiwa - ʻumi. I ʻelua mau pule ma hope, haʻalele lākou i ka lua a mākaʻikaʻi i kahi kokoke. I kēia manawa, uhi ʻia ke kino o nā holoholona i ka hina hina i lalo. ʻAi nā ʻalopeke i ka waiū o ka makuahine a hiki i 15 mau pule. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻololi loa lākou i ka papaʻai maʻamau o nā mākua. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa liʻiliʻi lākou e aʻo i ka loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī. Hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpio mai 7-8 mau makahiki o kou mau makahiki. I kekahi mau hihia, noho mau nā wahine ʻōpio i ka hui.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui
Kiʻi: ʻalopeke ʻelele pepeiao nui ʻApelika
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, nā ʻenemi o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana canine:
- Python;
- Cheetah;
- ʻĪlio hihiu ʻApelika;
- Hyenas;
- Liona;
- Leopadi;
- Jackal;
- Kanaka
ʻO ke kanaka ka makaʻu nui loa i ka heluna kanaka, ʻoiai ʻo ia e luku loa i nā holoholona i mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻiʻo, a me ka hulu waiwai o kahi holoholona laha ʻole. Pau nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui i nā helu he nui. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi i ka luku ʻana he mau ʻōpio, kahi i waiho manawa ʻole ʻia e nā mākua. ʻAʻole ʻimi wale ʻia lākou e nā ʻaihue nui, akā nā manu pū kekahi.
Hoʻoemi nui i nā helu o nā maʻi holoholona e like me ka rabies. ʻO nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui, e like me nā canids ʻē aʻe, maʻalahi i kēia maʻi. Pepehi makahiki ia ma kahi o ka hapahā o nā poʻe āpau e kū nei i kēia wahi.
Hōʻino nā mea ʻai holoholona i nā holoholona i ka nui, a he mea hoʻohui iā lākou, nā ʻōiwi a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina ʻApelika e alualu ai i nā ʻalopeke. Noi nui ka makemake o Fur a mahalo nui ʻia, a manaʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo he mea ʻono maoli i loko o nā hale hana lawelawe kūloko.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Alopeka pepeiao pepeiao nui
I kēia lā, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā holoholona. Noi ka poʻe noiʻi - koi ʻia nā zologist ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka pau ʻana o ka make. I kēia pilina, ʻaʻole lākou i loko o ka Red Book a ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana no lākou ma ka pae kānāwai.
I nā manawa ma mua, nui nā heluna holoholona i ka hikina a me nā ʻaoʻao hema o ka moku ʻApelika. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ua luku ʻia lākou i nā wahi he nui. I kekahi o lākou ke hoʻoweliweli nei i ko lākou nalo pau loa.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo nā zologist me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻāina mahiʻai, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi o nā wahi nāhelehele nāhelehele, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mahele o ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā kumu ʻai a ka ʻalopeke - nā kauā. E pili ana i kēia, ma ia mau ʻāina, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā ʻalopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui i 25-27 mau kānaka ma kēlā me kēia kilomika kilomika. Kūlike kēia helu no kekahi mau ʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻApelika Hema.
I nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka helu o kēia mau lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana canine - mai 1 a i 7 mau kānaka ma kēlā me kēia kilomika kilomika. Kūkākūkā nā kānaka noiʻi ʻo ka weliweli nui loa ka luku ʻia o kahi loulou nui loa i ke kaiaolaola, inā pau loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. Eia kekahi, me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā alopeke, piʻi nui ka nui o nā anaina, kahi mea e weliweli ai ka lehulehu.
ʻAlopeke ʻaihue nui he holoholona nani a hoihoi ia. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ka hopena o ka hana a ke kanaka, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia kāna helu ma ke kūlohelohe. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe i nā ana kūpono e mālama ai a hoʻihoʻi i ka heluna kanaka, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia.
Ka lā paʻi: 02.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 12:41
