ʻO ke ʻano kupaianaha o kēia holoholona ke kūleʻa nei i kona kūpaʻa, hoʻoholo a akamai ʻo ia, dexterous a launa, weliweli a maʻalea hoʻi. He holoholona kaiāulu kēia - ʻo ka ʻohana ka waiwai nui nona. E pili ana ia i kahi mea ʻino e noho ana i nā ʻāina ʻApelika a ʻike pehea e ola ai, ʻoiai nā ʻano hihiu o kona wahi noho. ia ʻīlio hyena.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻīlio Hyena
Pili lākou i ka ʻohana canine, kahi ʻano o nā ʻīlio hyena. ʻO ko lākou ola i ka nahelehele ma ka awelika 8-10 mau makahiki, akā i ke pio e hiki iā lākou ke ola ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻīlio hoʻokalakupua hyena, a i ʻole ma kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo "motley wolf", no kona kala ʻokoʻa, ʻo ia ka lua o nā lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o ka hihiu ma hope o nā ʻīlio hae. ʻO ka genus ka monotypic. ʻO ka ʻīlio hae ʻulaʻula ka pili a me ka ʻohana kupuna wale nō.
Nui nā ʻāpana o kēia ʻīlio hyena ma ka honua.
- ka laha liʻiliʻi loa, nā ʻāpana Sahelian, Chad;
- ʻo nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa loa "mai Mozambique;
- nā mea kōkua mai ʻApelika Komohana - Togo;
- ʻĀinapuniʻole komohana - subspecies;
- ʻīlio hae ʻĀkia ma ke kapakai ʻo Mozambican.
I ko mākou kenekulia, ʻo nā subspecies ʻelua wale nō i ola. E haʻi hou aku mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana iā lākou ma lalo.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: ʻīlio Hyena
Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻīlio hae. A ʻano like lākou me nā ʻīlio kūloko a me nā hyenas. He mea ʻaihue holoholona ʻo ia me ka waha pouli pōkole. He iwia ikaika ko lākou. Haʻaheo kēia lāhui i nā molara nui loa o nā ʻano āpau i kēia ʻohana, ke kōkua nei lākou e ʻūlū i nā iwi ikaika.
Nā pepeiao oval nui no ke anuanu a ʻohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona lohe. I ka wā o ka hahai holoholona, ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia nā lālā o ka pūʻolo. No laila, ka mālama ʻana i ke kamaʻilio mele me ke kōkua o nā kani "huu", hiki ke lohe ʻia ma kahi mamao a 2 km, pono wale lākou.
Video: ʻīlio Hyena
Nā wāwae ikaika lōʻihi me nā manamana wāwae ʻehā. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hanana, ua nalowale ka manamana ʻelima ma ka ʻaoʻao mua. Hoʻohui ke kala ʻike i ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a me ka melemele. ʻO ka lauoho ma ka ʻili he ākea a ākea hoʻi, me he mea lā i ka ninini mau ʻana. Akā mahalo i ke kala ʻokoʻa ma kona kapakomo, hiki iā ia ke ʻimi holoholona. Ke kuʻi nei i ka mea pio, ka mea e alualu ʻole ana ʻaʻole hoʻokahi, akā he mau ʻīlio he nui. Eia kekahi, kōkua ke kala i ka ʻike i kekahi i ka ʻohana.
Me he mea lā he like lākou āpau, akā no lākou nā "kiko" kahi hōʻailona kūʻokoʻa. Ikaika ke kino. I ka wā o ka huli holoholona, pono kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻīlio e uhi i kahi mamao loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 1 mika, ʻokoʻa ke kaumaha (mai 16 a 38 kg), ma kahi maloʻo - mai 80-146 cm. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻīlio hyena?
Kiʻi: ʻīlio Hyena ʻApelika
Noho ka ʻohana canid ma nā wahi mai ʻApelika a i nā ulu lāʻau i nā kuahiwi.
A i nā wahi e like me:
- ʻApelika
- Botuana;
- Tanazania;
- Mozamabika;
- Namibia;
- Suazilana;
- Transvaal;
- Zimababue.
Ma mua, ua ākea nā palena o ka wahi, akā ua hōʻole ka heluna o kēia mau holoholona i kēia lā. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma nā wahi i hoʻopā ʻole ʻia e ke kanaka a i ʻole kahi e pale ʻia ai ka ʻāina e ka mokuʻāina - i nā pāka ʻāina.
Hoʻonāukiuki nui ʻia ka pae, no laila, ʻilihune loa lākou i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka wahi noho ma kahi o 2 km2. ʻAʻole haʻalele nā lunamaka'āinana o nā wahi ʻApelika i ko lākou wahi maoli, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa iā lākou ma ʻEulopa a me Rūsia.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻīlio hyena?
Kiʻi: ʻīlio hyena holoholona
ʻAi ka predator i nā holoholona o nā ʻano lāhui like ʻole. Hiki i kēia mau mea he lāpaki, bison, gazelles, antelope, ʻostriches a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. He poʻe lūlū antelope me ka nui agile. Hāʻawi nā mākua i ka mākaukau o ka hopu holoholona ʻana i nā pēpē mai kēlā hanauna a kēia hanauna. Ma ʻApelika Hema, hiki i nā antelope a 90% o kaʻai o nā ʻīlio hyena, ʻo ke koena 10% mai nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe. Ke huli nei kekahi mau hipa i mea pio, a ka poʻe hipa ʻē aʻe e nānā ʻole ai. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻai i ka ʻai.
I ka Serengeti, ua ʻimi he mau pūʻulu ʻīlio hyena i nā zebras wale nō, a ma ka ʻākau o Botswana, nā warthogs a me nā ʻōpelu.
He holo maoli lākou, wikiwiki, ʻeleu a ʻimi mau e like me ka hoʻolālā, no laila 90% o ka manawa e puka kūleʻa ana. Akoakoa ka ʻohana no ka "safari" i ke kakahiaka nui. Inā ʻaʻole kūleʻa ka hoʻāʻo e alualu i ka holoholona - malia paha i ke ahiahi. I ke ao, wela loa ka lā, i kēia manawa hūnā lākou mai nā kukuna wela o ka lā. Hiki ke loaʻa nā loot ma nā wahi āpau. Ke ʻimi holoholona, hāpai lākou i kā lākou huelo keʻokeʻo e ʻike kekahi i kekahi.
Ke hopu ʻia ka mea pio, hānai nā mea hahai iā lākou iho e hoʻomaka. ʻAʻole loa lākou e hoʻolei iā lākou iho i kekahi i ka wā o kahi pāʻina, mai hakakā a i ʻole kaʻana like i ka meaʻai i waena o lākou iho. Hele maluhia nā mea āpau me ka hōʻino ʻole. He ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa kēia mai nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o nā predators.
Pau lākou i kaʻiʻo i hiki, a laila wale nō e hānai i kā lākou pēpē a me nā "nannies". A penei ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana: regurgitate lākou i kaʻiʻo i hana ʻia i nā pēpē. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hiki i nā pēpē i puka mua mai kā lākou mau lua i hoʻokahi mahina ke ʻai i nā meaʻai wale nō a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka waiū o ka makuahine.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: puke ʻīlio Hyena ʻīlio
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia mau holoholona ko lākou noho maluhia ʻana. ʻAʻohe o lākou hakakā ma waena o lākou iho no ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka pūʻolo. Ma ke ʻano ʻē, kākoʻo lākou a kōkua kekahi i kekahi. Hoʻāʻo ka poʻe ikaika e pale aku i ka nāwaliwali, a me ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke hānai iā lākou iho.
ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine ikaika ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka pūʻolo, a ʻo ke koena e hoʻolohe pono i kēia kānāwai. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa kahi e kamaʻilio ai nā kāne a me nā wahine me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā leo. He kani kūikawā ko kēlā me kēia hanana. Inā he makaʻu kēia - me he mea lā e kani ana, a inā hele lākou i ka hopu holoholona - hoʻolaha lākou i kahi "ho-ho" hakakā, hiki iā lākou ke kāhea i kahi hoa i kahi hoa ke nalowale lākou.
Kupaianaha ke ʻano ikaika ikaika i kekahi manawa. Hele wale lākou i ka hopu holoholona i ke kakahiaka nui, inā ua kūleʻa ʻole ia, a laila hiki iā lākou ke hoʻāʻo hou i ke ahiahi, ʻaʻole naʻe i ka pō. I ka pō, makemake ka pūʻolo i ka hiamoe.
Hiki iā lākou ke alualu i kahi pio no hoʻokahi hola ma ka huli holoholona. Hiki i kā lākou wikiwiki i 60 km / h. I ka ʻimi holoholona, hilinaʻi nā holoholona i ka ʻike maka, no laila inā e nalo lākou i kā lākou pio, kū lākou i ka huli holoholona.
Ke pono ʻole ke alualu, e pāʻani nō lākou. No lākou, ʻo ka ʻohana ka mea nui. He holoholona pili kaiaulu loa ia. ʻO ka ʻohana nā mea āpau nona. He mea nui ka pāʻani ʻohana no nā kamaliʻi. Me ke kōkua o lākou, aʻo nā keiki o ka pūʻulu i ka hopu holoholona i ka wā e hiki mai ana. He manawa nui nui kēia i ko lākou ola makua ʻole.
Aia kekahi mau manawa kaumaha i ke ola o kahi ʻīlio ʻīlio hyena. Inā make ke alakaʻi, a laila hāʻule ka ʻohana. Pono nā ʻōpio e hana a nānā i kahi ʻohana hou, a hele ka wahine e ʻimi i kahi hoa hou e hana i kahi ʻohana.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Hyena Dog Cubs
E like me nā holoholona he nui, hānai nā lunamakaʻāinana hyena i nā hui pāʻokoʻa. ʻAʻohe o lākou wā kau moʻo kūikawā, akā hāʻule nō naʻe ia i ke kakahiaka nui o ka puna - ka wā ʻo Malaki-Iulai. Akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā keiki i Kekemapa. Hānau nā wahine i nā keiki no ka awelika o 2 - 2.5 mau mahina. Hoʻokahi litter he 6 -10 mau ʻīlio pēpē, akā hiki iā ia ke lawe mai i kahi ʻōpala i 20 mau ʻīlio pēpē, akā he kakaikahi kēia.
Hūnā nā wahine i nā lua artisanal, aia ma kahi mamao aku mai nā lua wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi kahi o nā kolone me ia minks. Akā ʻo ka pinepine pinepine o nā kāne a me nā wahine i hoʻouluulu i ka ʻohana. I loko o kēia wā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohaunaele ʻole ʻana i nā wahine, ka pale ʻana i kona hāpai ʻana, huhū ʻo ia, a ma nā ʻano a pau e hoʻāʻo e pale iā ia iho mai nā pilikia o ka honua waho.
Hānau hānai ʻia nā pēpē a makapō hoʻi. Wehe ko lākou mau maka ma hope o 3 mau pule. ʻO ka ʻīlio hyena wahine, he makuahine kuleana, kiaʻi a kiaʻi ma luna o nā keiki i loko o ka lua no hoʻokahi mahina. Hānai ʻia lākou i ka waiū no ʻelua mau mahina paha. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka ʻīlio e hele i ka nāhelehele, lilo nā lālā a pau o ka ʻūlū i kuleana no ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo belched. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hana mua ʻia ka ʻiʻo e ka makua makua, hiki i ka ʻōpio ke maʻalahi i ka meaʻai i ka wā ʻōpio.
I ka makahiki 5 mau makahiki, huli nā ʻīlio ʻīlio, a i kekahi manawa ka puaʻa holoʻokoʻa, e hāhai i ka poʻe mākua i ka huli holoholona. Inā ʻaʻole komo nā ʻīlio ʻōpio i ka ʻimi holoholona, a laila hiki i nā ʻīlio makua ke hoʻi no lākou e kono iā lākou i kahi pāʻina. Lawe lākou i ka ʻōpio i ka mea pio ma hope koke o ka make ʻana. ʻAe ʻia lākou e ʻai a māʻona, a laila ʻai wale ka makuahine a me ka makua. A ʻo ka mea i koe ua hoʻopau ʻia e ke koena o ka ʻohana. Manaʻo ʻia nā ʻīlio makua he 1.5 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka ʻīlio hyena
Kiʻi: ʻīlio Hyena
E like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona hihiu, he ʻenemi ko kēia ʻīlio hoaaloha. ʻOiai ʻo ka like i nā inoa o kēia ʻano hānai ʻaʻole hāʻawi iā lākou i ke kuleana e lilo i mau hoa aloha wale nō, akā ʻaʻole like lākou i ka pili - hyena. ʻO Hyenas i ko lākou ala kahi hakakā mau loa o ke ala ola holoʻokoʻa o kēia laha. Lawe mau nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalea i ka meaʻai i loaʻa iā lākou. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hānau ʻia nā ʻīlio hyena he poʻe hahai holoholona a deftly e loaʻa i ka meaʻai e ka holoholona holoholona. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hyena iā lākou i kēia, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka meaʻai wale nō.
Hikiwaliwali lākou i nā cheetah a me nā liona. Minamina, ke emi nei hoʻi ka nui o nā ʻohana o nā ʻīlio hyena ma muli o kā lākou hewa, ke hana lākou i ka kaula meaʻai o nā mea ʻino. ʻO ka ʻohana o felines he poʻe hahai holoholona kolohe ʻole, a pepehi lākou me ka kānalua ʻole. A inā lākou e ʻike i nā hānai e like me nā hyena, hopu lākou i kēlā me kēia i ka lālani me ka ʻole o ke aloha. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka makaʻu pinepine ʻana o nā ʻīlio i nā holoholona a ka liona e alualu ai.
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi kanaka i ka ʻenemi. Inā mākou e lawe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he poʻe alualu ka ʻīlio, a alualu ʻole lākou ma ko lākou wahi noho wale nō, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻouka i nā ʻāina mahiʻai, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke pale i ka hakakā. Hiki ke ala aʻe nā hakakā ma waena o nā mea hōkai a me nā mahiʻai. I kēia manawa mālama ʻia nā ʻīlio hyena i nā wahi pale a me nā wahi i pale ʻia, kahi e pale ai i ka ʻino ʻana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: ʻīlio Hyena ʻApelika
I nā manawa i hala aku nei, hiki i nā ʻohana canid nui ke loaʻa i loko o kā lākou wahi noho. Akā e emi wale kā lākou helu i nā makahiki. ʻO ka hui, inā ma mua he 100 mau ʻāpana o nā holoholona, i kēia manawa aia nā ʻohana i nā ʻīlio 20-30, me nā holoholona ʻōpio. Ke emi nei ko lākou heluna kanaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO nā kumu kumu nui loa i hoʻonāukiuki i ka luku ʻia o kēia mau holoholona ka hōʻino ʻia o ko lākou wahi noho mau a me nā maʻi lele. A pū kekahi me ka pana nui ʻole ʻia e nā poachers. Hiki i nā maʻi maʻi ke alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka: rabies; anthrax, maʻi epizootic. Hoʻopili lākou i nā holoholona kūloko me kēia mau maʻi, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kā lākou kī kī ʻole ʻia.
Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia me ka ʻawaʻawa ka poʻe i kēia lā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 tausani mau kānaka. Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻApelika ʻĀkau, he kakaikahi wale nō kēia mau mea ʻaihue, a ma ʻApelika Komohana he kakaikahi loa lākou. Noho koho lākou i ka wahi. Loaʻa ma waena o ʻApelika a me Cameroon. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka panalāʻau holoʻokoʻa o Senegal, kahi o nā ʻīlio hyena i lalo o ka pale o ka mokuʻāina.
Kiaʻi ʻīlio Hyena
Kiʻi: puke ʻīlio Hyena ʻīlio
Ua ʻike lōʻihi ka poʻe i ka heluna nui o kēia mau holoholona ʻano ʻē e emi wikiwiki ana. Ke hoʻoweliweli nei kēia laha liʻiliʻi o ka mea ʻānai ʻApelika i ka pau ʻana o ka make. No laila, i kēia lā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻīlio hyena i loko o ka Red Book o ka International Union for Conservation of Nature, a aia ma lalo o ka pale o ka mokuʻāina i kekahi mau ʻāina.
ʻĪlio Hyena - he mākau lua ʻole kona no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maʻalea. ʻOiai ʻo kahi ʻīlio mākaukau hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻīlio hiki ke lili i ka pilina o kā lākou hana. Loaʻa ka mōhai i loko o lākou: ʻo ka mea make i ka pololi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopā i ka meaʻai a ʻai nā ʻīlio pēpē liʻiliʻi, no ka mea ʻo kēia nā lula. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka. Inā mākou e nānā i nā holoholona i ka nāhelehele, ʻike mākou i nā ʻīlio ʻīlio, nā mākua mālama a me nā alakaʻi kūpono, mai a mākou e hiki ai ke aʻo mai nā kānaka.
Lā paʻi: 15.02.2019
Lā hou: 16.09.2019 ma 9:16
