ʻO ka nahesa he manu ia mai ka ʻohana Hawk a me ke ʻano Hawk. ʻO ka lunamaka karnivorous o ka subfamily o ka Serpentine kahi i ʻike nui ʻia ma lalo o nā inoa o ka pāpaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻaeto-nahesa, ka ʻaeto-nahesa maʻamau a ʻo ka ʻaeto-nahesa.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka nahesa
ʻOiai ke kapa ʻia ʻana o ka ʻaeto moʻo i kekahi manawa he ʻaeto, ʻaʻohe mea like loa i ka helehelena o kēlā mau manu, no laila he mea hiki ʻole ke huikau iā lākou. "Ka ʻaeto me nā manamana pōkole" - ʻo kēia ka inoa o ka aeto nāhesa i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe Pelekania, a ua kapa ʻia kēia manu he pāpaʻi, e hōʻike ana i kekahi mau manu ʻiʻo manu ʻē aʻe.
I ka unuhi kūlohelohe mai Latina mai, ua like ka inoa o kēia manu ʻokoʻa me "chubby", ma muli o ka nui a me ka pōʻai o ke poʻo, e like me ka pueo.
Helehelena
No kekahi makaʻu weliweli a hilinaʻi ʻole hoʻi i nā kānaka, ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻili hulu e kahi kala ʻeleʻele hina ʻole o ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā ʻāpana nui o nā mea ʻai nahesa:
- ʻO ka mea ʻai holoholona nahesa nā umauma ʻeleʻele he hulu hulu, a hiki i 68 cm ka lōʻihi, me ka ʻēheu o 178 cm, ke kaumaha nei ma mua o 2.2-2.3 kg. ʻO ke poʻo o kēia manu a me ka wahi o ka umauma i kāhiko ʻia me ka plumage o ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele kala. Aia nā wahi māmā i loko o ka ʻōpū a ma loko o nā ʻeheu. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā maka e ke kū ʻana o kahi melemele melemele gula;
- ʻO ka bipi a Baudouin kahi manu nui o ka mea pio me kahi ʻēheu o 170 cm. Aia kahi hina hina hina ma ke kua a me ke poʻo, a ma ka umauma hoʻi. ʻO ka ʻōpū o kēia manu he kala ʻōniʻoniʻo me ke kū ʻana o nā kaha ʻalani liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā wāwae elongated e ko lākou kala i nā kani hina;
- ʻO Snake-eater Brown ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o kēia laha. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua he 75 cm, me ka ʻēheu o 164 cm a me ke kaumaha o 2.3-2.5 kg. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka manu i pena ʻia i nā leo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, a aia kekahi kala hina i loko o nā ʻeheu. ʻEleʻele ka wahi o ka huelo me nā ʻāpana transverse māmā;
- ʻO ka mea kahakaha kahakaha hema kahi manu awelika ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo kona lōʻihi ma kahi o 58-60 cm. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hope, a ma ka umauma hoʻi o ka manu hulu, aia kahi plumage ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke poʻo e ke kū ʻana o kahi aniani brown brown. Aia nā kaha keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma ʻō o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka hoʻolālā o ka huelo elongated e hōʻike ana i nā kaha keʻokeʻo lōʻihi lōʻihi.
Hoʻohālike nā ʻōpio me nā manu makua i ke ʻano o ka plumage, akā ʻoi aku ka hulu a me ka hulu ʻeleʻele. Ua pena ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāʻī o ka aeto nahesa maʻamau i nā leo brown, a keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū o ka manu me nā kiko bla ʻeleʻele o ke kala ʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻeheu o kahi mea kolo makua, a me kona huelo, me nā kaha ʻeleʻele i wehewehe pono ʻia.
ʻIke pū ʻia a aʻo ʻia hoʻi: ʻO ka ʻokōlika kipi naheu (Dryotriorchis spectabilis), ʻo Madagascar-eagle-eagle (Eutriorchis astur), ʻo Philip-eagle-eagle (Spilornis holospilus), ʻo Culawesian crust-eagle (Spilornis rufipectuilis), ʻo Spilornis rufipectuilis ʻO ka Nicobar Crested Snake Eagle (Spilornis klossi), ka Andaman Crested Snake Eagle (Spilornis elgini), a me ka Western Striped Snake Eagle (Circaetus cinerascens).
Nā nui manu
ʻO ka lōʻihi o kahi manu makua o ka mea pio, ma ke ʻano he lula, ʻokoʻa mai 67 a 75 cm, me ka awelika ʻaoʻao o 160-190 cm a me ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēheu ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 52-62 cm.
Auila
He mea hūnā nā mea ʻai nāhesa, makaʻu loa a manu ʻole hoʻi e noho ma nā wahi i loaʻa nā lāʻau mehameha. ʻOi aku ka manu carnivorous i nā mauna maloʻo, ulu nui ʻia me ka mauʻu liʻiliʻi a me nā lau nahele. ʻUmeʻume ʻia kēia manu e nā lau nahele ʻōmaʻomaʻo ākea me nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu, nā mānoanoa o nā conifers a me nā lāʻau deciduous.
Ma ka panalāʻau o ʻAsia, ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā mea ʻai nahesa maʻamau i ka noho ʻana i nā ʻāpana steppe, a makemake ka poʻe ʻākau i nā wahi kokoke i nā ululāʻau nui, nā kahawai a me nā kapa muliwai. ʻO ka nui o nā wahi o nā holoholona holoholona o hoʻokahi kanaka makua i hiki, ma ke ʻano he 35-36 sq. km I ka manawa like, aia kahi kahakaha kūlike ʻole ʻelua mau kilomita i waena o nā wahi e pili kokoke ana, a ke nānā pū nei nā manu o ka manu i ka mamao liʻiliʻi loa ma waena o nā pūnana.
Hiki i nā mea ʻai nahesa ke neʻe ma kahi mamao loa (a i 4,700 km), akā ʻo ka hoʻoilo o ka lehulehu o ʻEulopa ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika wale nō a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka equator, ma nā wahi me kahi aniau semiarid a me ka ua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaka ka neʻe ʻana o nā manu i nā wahi mehana ma kahi o ka hopena o ʻAukake, no laila i ke kau waena o Kepakemapa ua hōʻea nā manu i nā panalāʻau o Bosphorus, a ʻo Gibraltar a me Israel paha. Ma ka awelika, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi ma mua o ʻekolu a ʻehā mau pule.
ʻAʻole ʻae ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā laha i nā ʻepekema e hoʻopaʻa piha i nā ala neʻe o nā mea ʻai nahesa, akā ʻike ʻia hoʻi nā manu manu i hoʻi mai ka hoʻoilo ma ke ala like, me ka hoʻohana no kēia kumu i mua o ka neʻe.
Wā ola
I nā kūlana hoʻokūkū o ka nāhelehele, ʻoiai me ka lawa o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻohe ola nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Hawk a me ka ʻohana Hawk ma mua o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻO nā wahine mākua o kahi lunamaka karnivorous o ka subfamily o ka Serpentine, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kāne, akā ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻia i ke kala o ka plumage. Ma ka pili ʻana o kekahi i kekahi, ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻai nahesa makua e ka pilina a me ka pāʻani ʻana, no laila, hiki ke ʻike pinepine i ke ʻano leʻaleʻa o nā kāne a me nā wahine, a alualu hoʻi kekahi.
He mea hoihoi loa ia he leo leʻaleʻa kā ke kāne kāne pahū e like me nā leo o ka ʻohe a like paha me ke mele ʻana o kahi oriole maʻamau. Hīmeni ʻia kēlā mele hauʻoli ke hoʻi hou ka manu i ka pūnana. Hoʻokumu nā wahine i kahi hoʻonohonoho kani like phonetically like, akā me kahi tonalona maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke mele duet e nā mele i loko o nā mea ulu ʻeleʻele a me nā ospreys.
Kahi noho, wahi noho
I kēia lā ke kūmau ka pae o nā mea ʻai nahesa. Uhi ia i ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAkau Hema-ʻApelika Hema a me Hema Eurasia. Aia nā wahi pūnana o ka manu kolo ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana komohana o ka ʻāina ʻo Palaearctic, a ma ka ʻāina hoʻi o India.
Ke ʻike ʻia nei ka noho ʻana o nā heluna kanaka ʻokoʻa ma nā panalāʻau o ka Arikena Penina, ma nā Mokupuni ʻo Lesser Sunda, a ʻo loko pū ʻo Mongolia. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manawa, ʻike ʻia nā lunamaka o kēia ʻano i nā ʻāina aʻe: Sepania, Maghreb, Pokukala, a me nā Apennines a me nā Balkans, ma ka panalāʻau o Central Asia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Lake Balkhash.
No ka pūnana ʻana, koho nā lunamaka karnivorous o ka subpamily Serpentine i ke komohana ʻākau o ʻApelika, ka hema a me ka waena o ʻEulopa, ka panalāʻau o Caucasus a me ʻAsia Minor, a me ka Hikina Waena a me Kazakhstan.
ʻAi ʻaina Snake
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka papaʻai o nā mea ʻai nahesa e kahi lohi o ka hana kūikawā, no laila he palena ko kā lākou papa kuhikuhi a hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻohiona, nā moʻo, nā coppers a me nā moʻo. I kekahi manawa lele ka manu ʻiʻo i nā moʻo. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā hoʻoilo, he nui nā nahesa i koho i kahi wahi mehameha e hāʻule i loko o kahi ʻano o ka hoʻolōʻihi a noho i kahi ʻano neʻe ʻole, kahi e wehe ai i ka wā ʻimi holoholona no nā mea ʻai nāhesa.
Hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona hulu Leisurely i ka huli ʻana i kā lākou mea pio i ke awakea, ke ʻike ʻia ka hana nui o nā mea kolo. ʻO nā mea i loaʻa pinepine ʻia o ka hulu hulu nā moʻo nui, a me nā nahesa ʻawaʻawa, e like me ka nahesa viper, gurza a me nā moʻo. Hana ka manu i nā hana uila-wikiwiki, e hōʻalo i kahi nahu pānaʻi. Mālama pū nā pepeiaohao i nā wāwae i pale no ka manu.
ʻO nā pā holoholona hihiu a ka mea ʻai nahesa e pili ana i nā amphibians a me nā kuhukukū, nā ʻiole a me nā lāpaki, nāʻiole a me nā hamsters, a me nā manu nūnū a me nā ʻakaʻaka, a ʻo kekahi manu manu makua e ʻai e pili ana ʻelua mau moʻo waena i ka lā.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hana nā mea ʻai nāhesa i nā kāne hou i kēlā me kēia kau. I kekahi manawa noho mau ka noho male o kekahi me kekahi no kekahi mau makahiki. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe intricacy nui loa i nā lele huikau o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana Hawk a me ke kauoha Hawk. Luu nā kāne ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau mika, a ma hope e paʻa nā ʻēheu ʻelua i nā manu e lele i luna i luna i luna. I kekahi manawa hāpai nā kāne kāne makua i kahi mea kolo i make i loko o ko lākou nuku i mua o kā lākou mea i wae ʻia, a hāʻule pinepine hoʻi i ka honua. Hele pū kēia hana me nā ʻalalā i huki ʻia.
Hoʻomaka nā manu e kūkulu i kahi pūnana ma hope koke o ka hoʻi ʻana mai nā wahi mehana, ma kahi o Malaki, akā ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻai nahesa ma ka panalāʻau o Indochina i Nowemapa, ma hope koke o ka pau ʻana o ke kauwela kauwela. Lawe pū nā hoa ʻelua i ka hana kūkulu i ka manawa hoʻokahi, akā ʻo nā kāne ke nānā nui, ka manawa a me ka ikaika e hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou pūnana. Aia nā pūnana manu ma luna o nā pōhaku a me nā piko o nā kumu lāʻau, ma nā kumu lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā pine a me nā spruces.
ʻO ke anawaena o ka pūnana o nā lālā a me nā lālā he 60 cm, me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hapahā mika, a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona ʻaoʻao i loko e nā manu me ka mauʻu, nā lālā ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole nā hulu huelo. Hana ʻia ka moe ʻana mai Malaki a Mei i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ka pae, a ma Hindustan i Kekemapa. ʻEliptical a ʻeleʻele i nā kala. Loaʻa ka manawa hoʻouluulu ma kahi o 45-47 mau lā. ʻO nā kuleana āpau no ka hānai ʻana i ka lālau hoʻouluulu wahine e hāʻule ma nā poʻohiwi o ke kāne, no laila ua mākaukau ka makua no ka lele hoʻāʻo he mahina wale nō ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā pīpī.
I ka wā mua, hānai nā pēpē i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo i kālai ʻia, akā mai ka makahiki o ʻelua mau pule, hānai ʻia nā moʻo liʻiliʻi i ka ʻohana. I ʻekolu mau pule o ka makahiki, hiki i nā moa o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana Hawk a me ke kauoha Hawk ke kū maʻalahi me nā mea kolo like he 40 mm ka mānoanoa a hiki i 80 cm ka lōʻihi ma o lākou iho, a i kekahi manawa hiki i nā manu ʻōpio ke huki pololei i ka meaʻai mai nā ʻāʻī o ko lākou mau mākua. Ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki o ka makahiki, lilo ka ʻōpio i ka ʻēheu, akā no ʻelua mau mahina hou e noho ai nā manu ma ka uku o nā mākua.
Hiki i nā mea ʻai nahesa ke oʻo makua i ka makahiki he ʻelima wale nō, ke hiki i nā lunamaka o nā laha ke hoʻonohonoho kūʻokoʻa i kahi pūnaewele pūnana a mālama i kā lākou puaʻa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
He manu ʻaihue a nunui hoʻi, he lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana nui o nā Hawkers a me ke kauoha o nā ʻano Hawk, ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe ʻaʻohe ona ʻenemi, koe wale nō nā kānaka.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o nā laha
Ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nohona maʻa mau e ka luku ʻia o nā wahi kūlohelohe i kūpono no ka pūnana a me ka hōʻemi ʻike ʻia o ka lako o nā meaʻai, no laila, ʻo nā ʻelele o nā ʻano manu ʻaneʻane weliweli loa, i kēia lā i helu ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka Red Book of Russia a me ka Red Book o Belarus ʻO ka nui o ka heluna o ko ʻEulopa holoʻokoʻa i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka ʻeono a i ʻole ʻehiku tausani kānaka.
