ʻO ka holoholona, ma muli o kona pili loa i kānaka, manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea i aʻo nui ʻia o nā posum. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka fox kuzu ka mea nui loa i waena o nā māmela āpau ma Australia.
Ka wehewehe o ka fox-shaped posum
He inoa lehulehu kā Trichosurus vulpecula (posum fox, brushtail, kuzu-fox maʻamau) a no ka ʻohana couscous mai ke kauoha ʻo Dvoretstsovye marsupial.
ʻIke, nā ana
He holoholona nani kēia, ʻoiai paha he nui keu a keu me ka waha waha, kahi e puka ai nā pepeiao kū, kahi lehelehe luna a me nā maka pouli e kū. Hoʻohālikelike nā kukuna nunui o ka iwi ā lalo me nā kini liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi kuzu alopeke makua mai ka 1.2 a 4.5 kg (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a i ka 5 kg) me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 35-55 cm. ʻO ke kino o ka fox-shaped posum he squat a elongated, pōkole ka ʻāʻī, elongated ke poʻo. Ma luna o nā pepeiao (ʻōlohelohe ʻole i loko) e ulu i ka oho melemele a i ʻole nā huluhulu. Lōʻihi a ʻeleʻele ʻo Vibrissae, ʻo ka lua o ka hapa o ka hiʻu o ke kala like.
ʻAʻohe o ka lauoho nā kapo o ke kuzu, ʻike ʻia nā māiʻu pā palahalaha ma nā manamana nui o nā wāwae hope: ma nā manamana wāwae ʻē aʻe, he ʻano koʻi koʻi, lōʻihi a ikaika. Loaʻa i nā ʻalopeke Kuzu i kahi ʻili ʻili kūikawā (kokoke i ka anus) e hoʻopuka i kahi huna me kahi ʻala musky ikaika.
ʻOiaʻiʻo. ʻO nā lunamaka nui loa o nā lāhui me ka hulu mānoanoa (me ka huelo) e noho ana ma Tasmania. ʻO nā kuzu kūloko he 2-3 mau manawa ke kaumaha ma mua o ko lākou poʻe ʻohana e noho ana ma ʻAkau Nūhōlani a me kahi kapa lahilahi me kahi palaki ʻōlelo ʻole ma ka huelo.
Hoʻoholo ka laulā i ke kala o nā holoholona - hiki ke ʻokoʻa, mai keʻokeʻo-hina i ʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele, a ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻahu o ka ʻāʻī o lalo a me ka ʻāʻī o lalo. ʻIke pū ʻia ʻo Albinos ma waena o nā posum fox.
Ka nohona ola, hana
He mehameha ka fox kuzu, e pili ana i kekahi panalāʻau a e nānā nei i kahi hierarchy kūlana. ʻO ka heleuma i kahi hoʻolālā pilikino, i waenakonu o laila he mau kumu lāʻau pūnana, i kū ma mua o 3-4 mau makahiki. ʻO ke kuhi o ke kāne a hōʻea i 3 hectares, o ka wahine - i emi iki iho, he5 mau ʻeka.
Kuhi ʻo Kuzu i nā palena, nā malihini koa (ʻo ka hapanui o ka kāne like a me nā hoa like), akā e ʻae i nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe o ka wahine ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ke kūlana nohona haʻahaʻa ma kā lākou ʻāina. I ke ao, hiamoe ka posum fox-shaped, e hele ana i waho e ʻimi i ka meaʻai 1-2 mau hola ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā.
ʻO lākou maʻamau he puʻuhonua:
- mānoanoa manoanoa;
- "Nā pūnana" a i nā hakahaka lāʻau;
- nā hale i haʻalele ʻia a hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻia paha (attics and gudang).
Neʻe mālie ʻo Kuzu i ka honua, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kahi ʻeleu kikoʻī ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau, ʻoiai ka maikaʻi o ka hiki ke piʻi i luna. ʻO ke ʻano mau o kāna neʻe ʻana ʻaʻole ia e like me ka squirrel nimble, akā e like me ka lohi.
Hoʻokani kahi huelo prehensile i ke kī i ka huakaʻi ʻana me nā kumu a me nā kalaunu, me ke kōkua o ka holoholona e kau ʻia ma ka lālā a laila hoʻohana wale i nā māiʻii ʻoi loa nā aniani. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole palena ʻo Kuzu iā ia iho e nānā i nā kumulāʻau e pili ana, akā holoholo nō hoʻi i ka honua, e nānā ana i nā hale kokoke inā loaʻa iā ia i kāna ala.
ʻAʻole hoʻohilahila ʻia ka posum fox e ka pili kokoke me nā poʻe, kahi e hoʻopōmaikaʻi wale ai iā ia. Noho nā holoholona i nā māla a me nā pāka, e hana ana i nā panalāʻau nui a walaʻau ma laila.
Makemake ʻo Kuzu e kamaʻilio me ka haʻi ʻana, ʻo ia ke kumu i ʻike ʻia ai ʻo ia kekahi o nā marsupial leo nui - lohe kekahi i kāna uē ma kahi mamao a 0.3 km. ʻO nā ʻano o nā hōʻailona kani, e like me ka zooologists, ua wehewehe ʻia e ke kū ʻana o kahi ʻaoʻao cartilaginous o ka larynx (e pili ana i ka nui o ka pī), kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ana i nā marsupial ʻē aʻe. Mahalo i kēia mea hana, kuzu hiss, squeal, squeals, grunts and even chirps.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka fox kuzu?
Noho ka brushtail ma ka awelika ma kahi o 11-15 mau makahiki, a hoʻonohonoho i nā moʻolelo lōʻihi i ka wā e paʻa ai. Ma ke ala, maʻalahi ka posum fox-shaped, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā meaʻai hou me ka ʻole o nā pilikia a hōʻike ʻole i ka huhū i nā mea nona nā mea āpau (ʻaʻole ʻūlū, ʻaʻole nahu a snarl paha). Eia nō naʻe, he kakaikahi loa ka poʻe makemake e mālama kuzu i ka home: ʻo kahi ʻano ʻala ʻokoʻa mai kona kino mai.
Dimorphism moekolohe
Hiki ke nānā ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne a ka wahine - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine o ka fox kuzu ma mua o nā kāne. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka momona o ka ʻili o nā kāne ma ka umauma. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka wahine e kahi pale ʻili paʻa hou aʻe ma ka ʻōpū, kahi e hāpai ai ʻo ia i kāna keiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Uhi ka laulima posum i ka hapa nui o Australia (ʻo ka hikina, ʻākau a me ke komohana hema), a ʻo ka Kangaroo Islands a me Tasmania. I nā wahi maloʻo a me ka hapa o ka ʻāina nui o Nūhōlani, laha ʻole ka ʻalopeke kuzu. I ke kenekulia ma mua o ka hala, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kēia ʻano i New Zealand. Maanei ua hānai nui ʻo kuzu i lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli maoli i ka pāʻani kūloko.
Hoihoi. Manaʻo ka poʻe Zoologists ʻo ia ka Kuzu (nā poʻe nui o nā hua manu a me nā moa) nā lākou ka hewa no ka emi o ka poʻe kiwi, nā pūnana wale nō ma Nu Kilani.
Noho pinepine nā huelo brush i nā wahi ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā nāhelehele kūpilikiʻi, akā noho lākou i nā kahakai a me nā semi-wao akua. ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Kuzu i nā kūlanakauhale kahi e noho ai lākou i nā māla a me nā pāka.
ʻO kaʻai o fox kuzu
I kekahi mau wahi, hiki i ka 95% o nā lā o ke kuzu e hāʻule ai i nā lau eucalyptus, a i ka ulu lāʻau tropic, ʻo nā lau lāʻau hao, he mea ʻawahia loa no nā holoholona, lilo i meaʻai nui nāna.
Ma ka laulaha, ʻo ka papaʻai o ka fox-shaped posum me nā mea kanu a me nā mea holoholona.
- he huikau o nā lau;
- pua a me nā huaʻai;
- hua hua;
- invertebrates;
- hua manu;
- vertebrates liʻiliʻi.
Inā noho nā holoholona ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi hānai, ʻai lākou me ka ʻoluʻolu i nā mea kanu a hānai paha i nā pua, e noho ana i nā māla o ke kūlanakauhale.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ma Nuhōlani, ʻaʻole kau palena ʻia ke kau moʻo o ka fox kuzu e kahi ʻoʻoleʻa, akā ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka moekolohe ma ka puna a me ke kauwela (loaʻa i kekahi mau kāne i nā keiki i nā manawa ʻelua). I ka hema hikina oʻAukekulia, nā piko momona i Mei - Iune. Ma Nūhōlani, ʻo nā pāʻani moena kuzu hope mai ʻApelila a Iulai. I kēia manawa, hopohopo nui nā wahine a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī e ʻae i kā lākou hoʻopiʻi, e mālama iā lākou ma kahi mamao palekana ma kahi o 1 mika.
Ke ʻimi nei i ka pānaʻi, ka maʻalea o ke kāne, e hāʻawi ana i nā hōʻailona kani mālie e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka leo o kahi cub. I ka pau ʻana o ka moekolohe, haʻalele ka hoa i ka wahine momona, hōʻole loa i nā kuleana makua ʻole.
Pōkole loa ka hāpai ʻana a hala nā lā he 16-18. Lawe mai ka wahine i hoʻokahi cub (i nā hanana kakaikahi, nā māhoe), hānai ʻo ia i ka waiū a lawe i loko o kahi ʻeke ma kahi o ʻeono mau mahina. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻeke, kokolo ka cub ma ke kua o kona makuahine a noho ʻo ia i laila no kekahi mau mahina ʻelua, ʻoiai ua hiki ke kiʻi a nau i ka meaʻai paʻa ponoʻī. Kū ka hānai waiū ma 6-10 mau mahina. Mākaukau nā ʻalopeke Kuzu e hānau hou ma hope o ka makahiki mua a ʻelua paha o ke ola.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Huli ʻia ka posum e like me ka fox e nā mea ʻaihue terrestrial a me nā hulu.
- falcons (kekahi mau ʻano);
- Aeto kohu uʻi kuʻi o Australia;
- hawks (wae i wae ʻia);
- New Zealand kea parrot;
- nānā i nā moʻo (i nā mauna a me nā wao akua).
- ʻalopeke a me nā ʻīlio dingo;
- pōpoki hānai.
ʻO ke papa inoa o nā ʻenemi o ka ʻalopeke kuzu ke poʻo e kahi kanaka nāna i hoʻopau i nā holoholona no ka pono o ko lākou hulu waiwai, i lawe ʻia aku i nā helu he nui mai ka ʻāina nui o Nūhōlani.
ʻOiaʻiʻo. Ua ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1906, ua kūʻai ʻia nā ʻili kuzu ʻalopeke he 4 miliona ma nā mākeke huluhulu o Lākana a me Nu Ioka, i hāʻawi ʻia ma lalo o nā inoa "Austral posum" a me "Adelaide chinchilla".
Ua pepehi nā ʻōiwi o Australia a me New Zealand i nā huelo palaki ʻaʻole wale no ko lākou māmā a me ka huluhulu mehana, akā no ka ʻiʻo, ʻoiai kona ʻala musky onaona.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO ka pūʻulu mua o nā fox kuzu (no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kālepa huluhulu hoʻohiki) i lawe ʻia mai i Nūhōlani i ka makahiki 1840, a i ka makahiki 1924 ua hoʻonui nui ʻia nā holoholona a lilo ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā ʻili i kumu waiwai maikaʻi. ʻAʻole i piha ka hauʻoli o ka poʻe hahai holoholona - ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pūʻali koa o nā ʻalopeke like pū kekahi me nā tuberculosis, akā hōʻino ʻia hoʻi i nā mea kanu kūloko, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kumulāʻau.
Noho i loko o nā ululāʻau o Nūlani, ua hoʻololi koke nā huelo palaki i kahi ʻano meaʻai hou na lākou - nā lau o nā ʻano kumulāʻau waiwai i ʻike ʻia he hopena i ka ʻāina. ʻOno loa nā lau i hoʻonui ka nui o ka heluna kanaka i 50 kuzu ma ka hectare (25 mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka Australia). ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kahi manawa iki, ua emi ka nui o nā holoholona, kokoke i 6-10 mau kānaka i ka hectare, akā i kēia manawa ua nalowale kekahi o nā mea kanu lāʻau, a ua kuapo ʻo Kuzu i kekahi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻuʻuku (ma nā ʻōlelo gastronomic) nā kumulāʻau.
Ua lilo ʻo New Zealand he paradaiso maoli no ka fox kuzu. ʻAʻole he mau mea ʻino o Nūhōlani (e like me dingoes), nā mea hoʻokūkū meaʻai a me nā parasite pū kekahi i kaohi i ka hana hou ʻole ʻia o Kuzu
ʻO ka nui o nā kumu meaʻai i hiki ai ke hoaaloha me nā holoholona like ʻole me ke ʻano kumu ʻole e like me nā huelo palaki. Ma Nu Kilani waiwai, ua kū lākou i ka hoʻokūkū me kekahi, e like me ka maʻa mau ma Australia, a ua hoʻomaka lākou e noho kokoke, e noho ana i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi.
I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua kuzu ka Kuzu, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nahele ma Nūhōlani, i kēlā mau lāʻau i koe: ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea ʻono loa a kēlā manawa mai nā lau a make lākou e make koke. Wahi a nā ʻike hou loa, ʻo ka heluna kanaka o ka fox kuzu ma kahi o 70 miliona mau kānaka, ʻelua manawa o ka hipa ma Nūhōlani.
Mālama ʻia ka lawaiʻa kālepa ʻana no Kuzu ma ka mokupuni. Tasmania. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻae ʻia ka laha e hoʻokuʻu aku ma Kangaroo Island, kahi e hōʻeha ai nā huelo kāwili i nā kānaka a me nā pua kūloko. Hoʻomaopopo pū ʻia ka posum fox me he pest ma Australia, kahi e hoʻopōʻino nui ai i nā māla paina.
I ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o IUCN, ua helu ʻia ka fox kuzu ma ke ʻano he "Least Concern" ma muli o ka hoʻolaha ākea o ka lāhui, i manaʻo ʻia he nui a me kahi noho i nā wahi pale. Hilinaʻi nā Conservationists ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka laha, koe wale no ka hiʻu nui ʻana o nā lāʻau nui.
