ʻO Vyakhir, ʻo ia kekahi manu nūnū ulu nui a i ʻole vituten, noho i ka nāhelehele. Pehea e ola ai ka manu a me "ka mea e hanu ai", e kamaʻilio mākou ma ka ʻatikala.
Ka wehewehe manu nunu
ʻO nā manu kuhukū nā mea noho nui o nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi, waena a me nā kūlanakauhale nui... Hoʻokū lākou i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka poʻe. Papa kekahi iā lākou no ko lākou "haumia" kūlohelohe, hānai ikaika kekahi poʻe iā lākou me nā pōpō a me nā palaoa i nā pāka a me nā pahu. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ko lākou mau hoahānau pili - nūnū ulu nahele, nā manu nūnū wahie. Ua aʻo ke kanaka e pili ana i ka nūnū wahie i hala iho nei. Ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka Pūnaewele, ʻike wale ʻia e nā ornithologists. I kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole kamaʻāina kahi mea ʻimi holoholona laha ʻole me ka ʻono o kāna ʻiʻo. ʻO ka manu keʻokeʻo, ʻoiai ka makaʻala a me ka makaʻu ponoʻī, lilo pinepine i kanaka pio.
Hoihoi ia!Hiki iā ʻoe ke sneak ma luna wale nō ma ka peʻe ʻana ma lalo o kahi uhi camouflage kokoke i ka nohona kūlohelohe o kahi nūnū hihiu. He mea nui e uhi i kou alo i ka manawa like, i ʻole e ʻike ka manu makaʻala i ka mea makemake ʻole a lele koke.
Ma nā ʻano o ke kala waho a me ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa kahi nūnū hihiu mai kahi nūnū kūlanakauhale maʻamau. Hāʻawi wale nā ana hoʻohālikelike i ka mea noho nahele. Hiki i ke kino o kēia manu i 45 kenimika a kaupaona 700-900 karamu. Ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia i ka hiki ʻana o ke kaumaha o ka nūnū wahie i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilokika. ʻO ka ʻēheu wale nō ma kahi o 70 kenimika, ka ikaika o ia manu e uhi i nā mamao a hiki i nā kaukani mau kilomita i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wā. He mea hoihoi loa ia ke nānā aku ke kāne i kahi kauoha o ka nui ma mua o ka wahine, akā like ka nui o ke kaumaha o ke kino.
Helehelena
ʻO Vyakhir - he nūnū nui keu... Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻano plumage o kēia mau manu. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ka hulu hulu kala, ʻo ia, polū hinahina. ʻAe kēia kala iā ʻoe e hūnā maikaʻi mai nā poʻe makemake ʻole. ʻO nā ʻeheu o ke keʻokeʻo e kāhiko ʻia me nā chevrons keʻokeʻo ākea, kahi hiki ke ʻike maikaʻi ʻia i ka lele ʻana. ʻO ka luna pouli o ka huelo i hoʻokō ʻia e kahi paipu keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mea wale nō e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia manu mai kāna mau kaona kauhale ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kaha ʻeleʻele i ka ʻeheu. Pena ʻia ka umauma o Pigeon i loko o ka malu lilina a me ka lilina ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a nani ke nānā aku i ka lā.
He ashy ke poʻo o kahi kukupa. Hoʻonani ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī me ka keʻokeʻo a i ʻole, i kekahi mau hihia, nā kiko beige. He nuku melemele melemele ko ka keʻokeʻo a me nā wāwae ʻulaʻula a poni. Poepoe nā maka, ʻeleʻele me ka lepa melemele a puni ka iris. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka nūnū nahele kāne. ʻOi aku ka lokomaikaʻi o nā wahine. ʻOi ke keʻokeʻo o kā lākou plumage, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kiko kikoʻī, akā i ka lele ʻana ua ʻoi aku ka nani a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau manu nā ʻohana ulu nahele ulu nui loa o kā mākou nūnū kūlanakauhale maʻamau. ʻO ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe nā ululāʻau paʻa, nā wahi o nā ʻāina hua mahiʻai, kahi a lākou e nānā ai i ka meaʻai i nā māla.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā vitute ma nā wahi e pili ana a ma loko hoʻi o ke kūlanakauhale. Hiki ke kipaku ʻia kahi kaiāulu o nā manu e ka nele o ka meaʻai i ka wahi nui.
ʻO ka nūnū uluhele he hapanui. Aloha lākou i ka lihi o nā ululāʻau deciduous kokoke i nā māla hānai. ʻO nā wahi pohō wale nō e māʻalo aʻe, a noho iki i ko lākou wahi kūwaho. Ma nā Mokupuni ʻo Orkney o Sekotia, i kaulana no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kumulāʻau, noho pono kēia mau manu ma ka honua. ʻAʻole e hoʻowahāwahā nā manu nūnū i nā ʻano nohona liʻiliʻi a me kahi kōkō ma waena o nā pōhaku.
Hoihoi ia!He manu akahele loa nā keʻokeʻo. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka pale ʻole kūlohelohe i nā predators nui. No laila, ke hoʻāʻo nei e hopu ʻole i ko lākou maka ko lākou mea kaua nui o ka pale iā ia iho. Lele wikiwiki nā manu nūnū. Ke hoʻokokoke mai kahi mea hahai holoholona a mea ʻaihue paha, kūʻu wale kahi nūnū ʻāhiu a i nā manawa kūpono wale nō e lele lele i ka lewa, e hoʻopuka ana i kahi kani leo nui me nā ʻēheu.
Manaʻo lākou he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi mai ka maka o ke kanaka, kahi e kū pono a hānai ai i nā keiki. Hōʻiliʻili ʻo Vyakhiri i nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā manu mau kakini he nui; ma loko o ka kime e hana ikaika a pilina hoʻi lākou.
Ehia mau nūnū e ola ana
Hiki i nā kūlana nohona maikaʻi ke mālama i kahi nūnū ulu lāʻau a hiki i nā makahiki he ʻumikūmāono.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻOi aku ka nui o ko lākou mau kiko o ka ʻeha o ka ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o ke kala laulā, ke nānā aku he mea ʻokoʻa.
Pigeon species
ʻAʻohe ʻāpana manu manu manu kuhū. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka heluna kanaka ma ke kumu wale nō o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO Vyakhir ka manu nui e noho ana ma ʻEulopa. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa i kahi ākea ākea. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou e nā ululāʻau coniferous o Ukraine, Russia, Scandinavia a me ka Baletika. I nā mahina kau wela, hoʻonui ka heluna o nā nūnū wahī Crimean, ʻoiai i ke kauwela ua ʻumeʻume lākou i nā ʻāina hema. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ka nūnū ulu lāʻau ma ke komohana ʻākau o ʻApelika.
ʻĀina manu nūnū
ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai o nā lūlū wahie ka mea kanu mea kanu... ʻO kēia nā acorn, cereals. Hoʻopili pū ka papa ʻaina i nā huaʻai, cones, nut, hua, nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe a me kā lākou ʻanoʻano. Hoʻokahi kū hoʻokahi ka manu nūnū ʻāhiu.
I mea e kiʻi ai i nā hua paʻakikī a i ʻole nā nati mai kahi lālā, pili lākou i ka lālā me ko lākou mau maiuu, e kau ana ma luna o lalo. I ke ʻano o ka hemahema o ka meaʻai, ʻai kēia mau manu i nā woro, slug a me nā ʻenuhe. ʻO Vitutni e noho kokoke ana i nā hale kanaka e hānai pinepine ʻia me nā koena o nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia. Aloha nā puaʻa o nā puaʻa wahie e iho i lalo e hānai i nā māla o ka mākeke a i ʻole ke kelena. Hoʻopiʻi nā wahi hema i nā manu me nā fiku ʻāhiu.
ʻOkoʻa nā manu nunu ʻāhiu mai nā manu ʻē aʻe i kahi ʻano inu ʻokoʻa. Ma ka lua wai, maʻalahi lākou e hoʻokaʻawale mai nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau; hoʻohaʻahaʻa wale lākou i ko lākou nuku i loko o ka wai a huki iā ia i loko o nā lua kūikawā. Hāpai ka manu nūnū i kona poʻo no kahi manawa pōkole ma mua o ka ale ʻana.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki i nā puaʻa wahie ke hana hou a hoʻonui i ʻekolu mau keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia naʻe, pono e kōkua ʻia kēia e nā kūlana anilā. ʻO ke kumu, aia he 2 mau puaʻa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 1 a i ʻole 3. Hoʻomaka ka wā hānau ma ʻApelila, ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai nā wahi hoʻoilo, a hiki i Kepakemapa. I ka makahiki 10-11 mau makahiki, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio, lele nā kāne i ka piko o nā kumulāʻau e ʻumeʻume i ka maka o ka wahine ʻē aʻe a hoʻomaka e coo. Hana pinepine lākou i kēia i ke kakahiaka. Ke nānā pono ka wahine i ke keonimana, iho koke ʻo ia i ona lā, e hoʻomau ana i ka coo, e hele a puni iā ia i kahi pōʻai. ʻO ka hopena o ka noho aloha ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua manu.
Hoihoi ia!Ma hope o ka male ʻana, hoʻomaka ke pālua i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lālā liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he mea kūkulu. Ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana i kēlā me kēia lālā, ʻike ʻia me ka nuku e nānā ai no ka ikaika.
Ke kiʻi ʻia nā mea. Ma hope o 2-3 mau lā, kūkulu ʻia kahi pūnana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu o ka pūnana i ke kino o nā lālā nui paʻa, kahi i waena ma waena e hoʻopiha ʻia me nā lālā liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi. ʻO ka hopena he ʻano pola me ka papa pālahalaha a me nā ʻaoʻao ākea. Hoʻokuʻu nā koʻokoʻo, kahi e hiki ai ke hāʻule ka hua mai ka lāpau. He wahi noho ko nā manu nūnū ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 mau mika mai ka honua. ʻO ka palaualelo hiki ke lawe i kahi mea i haʻalele ʻia e kekahi.
Ke waiho nei ka wahine i mau hua manu keʻokeʻo, ma kahi o 2.5 mau pule e hoʻoulu ai. Hoʻopili ka wahine i ka incubation, pani ke kāne iā ia no ka hānai ʻana. Pili nā mākua ʻelua i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki. No hoʻokahi mahina paha, hānai nā keiki ʻōlohelohe a makapō i ka "waiū manu", kahi huamoa curdled cereals i hoʻowali ʻia i gruel. Ma hope o 5 mau pule, ua mākaukau nā moa no ke ola kūʻokoʻa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka makaʻi kūlohelohe nui loa i ka heluna kanaka o nā puaʻa wahie e hōʻike ʻia e nā manu manu lele e like me ka peregrine falcon a me ka hawk. Alualu lākou i nā manu ʻōpio a me nā mākua. Mai kāpae i hope i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā nūnū ʻāhiu a me nā ʻūlū, nā mopie, nā jays a me nā ʻalalāia uhi ʻia, kahi e luku nui nei i nā pūnana me nā hua manu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia. Aia nā helu helu e like me ka mea i hoʻemi ʻia ka helu makahiki o nā puaʻa wahie e 40% ma muli o ke komo ʻana o kēia mau holoholona.
Hoʻopilikia pū kekahi i nā kumu kūlohelohe. ʻO kahi laʻana, ka paʻi anuanu mau loa, ka hoʻohuʻu kiʻekiʻe a me nā cataclysms ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka manawa o ka moekolohe o nā puaʻa wahie, kahi mea hiki ʻole ke ulu i 2 a i ʻole mau hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kahi laʻana, kaohi ka hopena o ka puna i ka waiho ʻana o nā hua mua e hoʻopaneʻe ʻia i ka mahina o Mei, ka mea hāʻawi ʻole i ka manawa e hana ai i ka lua o ka paʻa.
Hāʻawi pū kekahi kanaka. He manu ʻo Vituten me ka ʻono momona a palupalu hoʻi. Ma muli o kēia, hāʻule pinepine kēia mau manu i nā mea huli holoholona. I ka manawa like, inā e kī ʻoe i kahi nūnū, ʻoiai ma hope o ka pā ʻia ʻana e ka pōkā, lele ʻo ia mai kona ikaika hope loa, a make ia i ka ulu lāʻau, a nānā ka mea hahai holoholona i kahi pahuhopu hou.
Ke luku nei nō hoʻi ka lāhui i kēia mau manu. Me he mea lā ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā wahi kuaʻāina e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka lehulehu, akā ʻaʻole pēlā ka hihia. He manu ʻo Vyakhir e makemake nui i ka hāmau i nā mea āpau. A ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi kaʻa, ke kū mau ʻana o nā kānaka (nā mea ʻohi manu, nā mea ʻimi holoholona, nā mākaʻikaʻi, nā mea hoʻomaha), ʻoiai ma nā wahi kihi loa o ka nahele, e haʻalele ai nā manu i ko lākou mau home. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka helu o nā lunamaka o nā laha i "kīkēkē" i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā pesticides i nā kula.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO nā nūnū hihiu e noho ana ma nā Azores i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Vyahiri o nā moku ʻo Madeira i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia i hala. ʻOiai ke emi nei ka helu o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o nā nūnū hihiu ma muli o ka nui o ka nāhelehele ʻana, ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi kūlohelohe a me nā kī ʻana ʻole i kāohi ʻole ʻia.
