ʻO Camels (Camelus) kahi ʻano o nā māmela e pili ana i ka ʻohana Camelidae a me ka suborder Camelidae. Hoʻololi kūpono nā ʻelele nui o ke kauoha artiodactyl (Artiodactyla) no ke ola i nā wahi maloʻo, e like me nā wao akua, nā wao akua a me nā steppes.
Wehewehe kāmelo
Hoʻololi ka nui o ke kamelo makua makua ma waena o 500-800 kg, me kahi kiʻekiʻe e mae ʻole ma mua o 200-210 cm.... Loaʻa i nā kāmelo pākahi i kala ʻulaʻula hina, a ʻo nā kāmelo humped ʻelua i ʻike ʻia e ka uhi ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.
Helehelena
He huluhulu hulu ko nā Kāmelo, he ʻāʻī lōʻihi a pio, a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi a puni. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana kāmelo a me ka suborder o nā callus i kuhi ʻia e ke kū ʻana o nā niho he 38, a ʻo nā ʻelala he ʻumi e hōʻike ʻia ana e nā molara, ʻelua mau ʻīlio, he ʻumi mau molara, ʻelua mau molara, he mau ʻīlio ʻumikūmālua.
Mahalo i nā maka maka lōʻihi a shaggy, pale maka ʻia nā maka nui o ke kāmelo mai ke komo ʻana o ke one a me ka lepo, a ʻo nā puka ihu, inā pono, hiki ke pani paʻa loa. Maikaʻi loa ke maka o ke kāmelo, no laila hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻike i kahi kanaka neʻe i kahi mamao o kahi kilomita, a me kahi kaʻa ma kahi mamao o ʻelima mau kilomita. Honi maikaʻi kahi holoholona wao nahele nui i ka wai a me nā mea kanu.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki i ke kāmelo ke honi i ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina hou a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o ka wai hou he kanalima paha kilomita ka mamao, a ke ʻike ʻo ia i ka hekili i ka lani, hele ka holoholona wao nahele i ko lākou ala, me ka lana o ka ua e ninini ana.
Hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia ka mammal i ke ola ma nā wahi ʻoʻoleʻa a wai ʻole, a he pectoral kūikawā hoʻi, lima lima, kuʻekuʻe lima a me nā kuli e pili pinepine me ka lepo i wela i 70 ° C. ʻO ka hulu lawa o ka holoholona ka mea e pale aku ai iā ia mai ka lā wela a me ke anuanu o ka pō. Pili nā manamana lima i kekahi i kekahi. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia nā kapuaʻi kāmele ākea a ʻelua hoʻi no ka hele ʻana ma nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi a me ke one hoʻokuʻu.
ʻAʻole hiki i ke kāmelo ke nalo i kahi nui o ka wai a me nā kūlohelohe kūlohelohe. ʻO ka hamo, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā puka ihu i ka manawa o ka hanu ʻana, e ʻohiʻohi maʻalahi ʻia i loko o kahi pā kūikawā, a ma hope e komo i ka lua waha o ka holoholona. Hiki i nā kāmelo ke hana me ka ʻole o ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi, akā i ka manawa like ma kahi o 40% o ka nui o ke kaumaha o ke kino e nalowale.
ʻO kekahi o nā hana pilikino kūikawā o nā kāmelo no ke ola i ka wao nahele ʻo ke kū mai o nā puʻupuʻu, nā waihona momona nui a lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he "kaupaku" e pale ai i ke kua o ka holoholona mai nā kukuna o ka lā e ʻā ana. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka momona o ia mau momona o ke kino i ka hope e hāʻawi i ka hopena wela maikaʻi. He ʻauʻau kai maikaʻi loa ke Kāmelo, ai ka neʻe ʻana i ka wai, ʻoniʻoni pinepine kēia mau holoholona i ko lākou kino i ka ʻaoʻao.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
I ka nahelehele, hoʻomoana ke kāmelo e noho i lalo, akā neʻe mau kēlā ʻano holoholona ma nā wahi wao nahele like ʻole, a me nā pāpū a me nā paepae nui paha, e hoʻāʻo nei e noho i loko o nā wahi nui i māka ʻia. Makemake kekahi haptagai e neʻe ma waena o nā kumuwai wai maʻamau, i ʻae iā lākou e hoʻopihapiha i kā lākou lako wai nui.
Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, mālama nā kāmelo i nā kau liʻiliʻi o ʻelima a iwakālua mau kānaka. ʻO ke alakaʻi o ia ʻano bipi ke kāne nui. Hōʻike ka nui o nā holoholona wao nahele i ka hana i ke ao, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli, hiamoe nā kamelo a ʻano palaualelo paha a ʻano ʻino hoʻi. I ka wā o ka makani pāhili, hiki i nā kāmelo ke moe no nā lā, a i nā lā wela neʻe lākou i ke kahe o ka makani, ka mea e kōkua ai i ka thermoregulation kūpono, a peʻe paha ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā awāwa. ʻAno makaʻu nā kānaka hihiu a huhū paha i nā malihini, me nā kānaka.
Hoihoi ia! He hana kaulana ia e like me ka hānai ʻia ʻana o nā lio i ka wā hoʻoilo, e huki maʻalahi i ka uhi o ka hau me ko lākou mau ʻūlū, a ma hope e hoʻouka ʻia nā kāmelo i kēia wahi, e ʻohiʻohi ana i nā koena o ka meaʻai.
Ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka weliweli, holo aku ke kāmelo, hoʻomohala maʻalahi i nā wikiwiki a 50-60 km / h. Hiki i nā holoholona makua ke holo i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā, a hiki i ka luhi loa ʻana. Manaʻo ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻomanawanui kūlohelohe a me ka nui nui pinepine ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopakele i kahi holoholona wao akua mai ka make mai, no ka ulu liʻiliʻi o ka noʻonoʻo.
ʻO ka nohona o nā poʻe hānai a ʻoi loa ma lalo o ka poʻe, a hoʻohana koke nā holoholona hānai i ke alakaʻi ʻana i kahi nohona o ko lākou mau kūpuna. Hiki i nā kāne makua a makua hoʻi ke noho hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau hoʻoilo kahi hōʻike paʻakikī no nā kāmelo, kahi mea paʻakikī loa e neʻe i ka uhi hau. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hooves maoli i loko o ia mau holoholona ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻeli i nā meaʻai mai lalo o ka hau.
Ehia kāmelo e noho nei
I nā kūlana maikaʻi, hiki i ke kāmelo ke noho ma kahi o ʻehā mau makahiki, akā ʻo ke ʻano o ke ola paʻa i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona i piha i ka home. Ma waena o nā haptagai hihiu, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā kānaka nunui, nona nā makahiki he kanalima.
ʻAno Camel
Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o nā kāmelo e nā ʻano ʻelua:
- hoʻokahi humped;
- humped ʻelua.
ʻO nā kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi (dromedaries, dromedaries, arabians) - Camelus dromedarius, ua ola a hiki i kēia lā wale nō i loko o kahi ʻano holoholona, a hiki paha ke pani ʻia e nā mea koa lua. ʻO Dromedary i ka unuhi mai ka ʻōlelo Helene ke ʻano o ka "holo" ʻana, a "Arabians" ʻo ia mau holoholona i kapa ʻia ma muli o ka kamaʻāina o ʻArabia nāna lākou i hoʻohuli.
ʻO Dromedaries, a me nā Bactrians, he mau wāwae lōʻihi a lohi hoʻi, akā me ka hana palau.... Hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke kāmelo humped ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kāmelo puʻupaʻa hoʻokahi, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi kanaka makua ma mua o 2.3-3.4 m, me kahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā maloʻo ma ke kaha o 1.8-2.1 m. 300-700 kg.
He poʻo ko Dromedars me nā iwi maka elongated, kahi lae kolu, a me kahi ʻano humpbacked. ʻO nā lehelehe o kahi holoholona, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lio a me nā pipi paha, ʻaʻole kūmi iki. Hoʻonui ʻia nā pāpālina, a pendicious pinepine ka lehelehe lalo. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻāʻī o nā kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi e nā mākala ulu maikaʻi.
Hoihoi ia! Ulu ka mane liʻiliʻi ma ke kihi luna o ka iwi kuamoʻo, a ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo he ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi e hiki ana i ka waena o ka ʻāʻī. Ma nā forearms, nalowale loa ka lihi. Ma ka wahi o nā poʻohiwi aia ke kihi e like me "epaulettes" a ua hōʻike ʻia e nā lauoho lauoho lōʻihi.
Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa nā kāmelo humped ʻelua mai nā hoa ʻelua humped i ka paʻakikī loa e hoʻomanawanui i nā hau liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻeleʻele loa ke kapa o nā dromedaries, akā ʻaʻole mānoanoa a pōkole loa. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia ka hulu o ke kāmelo humped no ka hoʻomehana ʻana a kōkua wale ia e pale i ka pohō nui o ka wai.
I nā pō anuanu, hāʻule ka mahana o ke kino o nā kāmelo humped he nui, a ma lalo o nā kukuna o ka lā e mahana mālie ai ka holoholona. Uhi ka lauoho lōʻihi loa i ka ʻāʻī, hoʻi a me ke poʻo o ke kāmelo hoʻokahi-humped. ʻO ka nui o ke one i ke kala o nā Dromedaries, akā aia kekahi mau ʻelele o ka laha me ka pala ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula-hina a keʻokeʻo huluhulu.
ʻO nā kāmele Bactrian, a i ʻole nā Bactrians (Camelus bactrianus) nā lunamakaainana nui loa o ka genus, a ʻo ia nā holoholona kūloko waiwai nui loa no nā lāhui ʻĀsia. ʻO kā Bactrian kāmelo ʻaiʻē i ko lākou inoa iā Bactria. Ua kaulana kēia wahi ma ka panalāʻau o ʻAkia Waena no ka hana ʻana i nā kāmelo bactrian. Eia kekahi, i kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau lālā o nā kāmele humped hihiu ʻelua, i kapa ʻia ʻo haptagai. Noho kekahi mau haneli o kēia mau kānaka i Kina a me Mongolia, kahi a lākou e makemake ai i nā kiʻi kūlohelohe i hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia.
ʻO nā kāmele Bactrian nui loa, nui a kaumaha hoʻi nā holoholona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua o kēia laha hiki i 2.5-3.5 m, me ke kiʻekiʻe o 1.8-2.2 mika. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona, me nā puʻupuʻu, hiki paha i 2.6-2.7 m. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻāpana o ka huelo e loli pinepine ma waena o 50-58 cm. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, ʻo ke kaupaona o nā kāmele bactrian makua makua mai 440-450 a 650-700 kg. ʻO ke kāmele kāne hānai maikaʻi o kahi ʻano Kalmyk waiwai nui a kaulana hoʻi i ka wā o ke kauwela hiki ke kaupaona ʻia mai 780-800 kg a i ke tona, aʻo ke kaupaona o kahi wahine e kau pinepine ʻia mai ka 650-800 kg.
He kino paʻa ko nā kāmelo Bactrian a ʻoi aku nā lālā lōʻihi... ʻIke ʻia nā Bactrians e kahi ʻāʻī lōʻihi a wili hoʻi, a he ʻekahi i lalo ka piʻo ʻana a laila ala hou. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ka ʻāʻī, ʻike ʻia ke poʻo o ka holoholona i kahi ʻano me ka ʻāpana poʻohiwi. ʻO nā puʻupuʻu i nā ʻelele āpau o kēia laha ke kaʻawale mai kēlā me kēia me ka mamao o 20-40 cm. ʻO ke ākea ma waena o lākou i kapa ʻia i ka noho lio, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he pae pae no nā kānaka.
ʻO ka mamao maʻamau mai ka noho interhill a hiki i ka ʻili o ka honua, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ma kahi o 170 knm. I hiki i ke kanaka ke piʻi aʻe i hope o ke kāmelo ʻelua humped, kukuli ka holoholona a moe paha i ka honua. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hakahaka e waiho ana i ke kāmelo ma waena o nā puʻupuʻu ʻelua ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā waihona momona a hiki i nā mākua a me nā mea i hānai pono ʻia.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO nā kāmele Bactrian me ke kala o ka lole māmā ka mea keu loa, ʻo ka helu o ia mea ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.8 pakeneka o ka huina heluna kanaka.
ʻO nā mea hōʻike nui o ka momona a me ke olakino o ke kāmele bactrian e hōʻike ʻia e ka lahilahi, ʻoiai nā puʻupuʻu kū. He puʻupuʻu ko nā holoholona wīwī, a hāpana hapa a hāʻule paha i ka ʻaoʻao, no laila ke kau nui nei lākou i ka wā e hele wāwae ana. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā kāmele Bactrian makua e ka lole mānoanoa a lahilahi hoʻi me kahi undercoat ulu maikaʻi loa, kūpono no ke ola ʻana o kahi holoholona i nā kūlana o ka ʻāina Continental paʻakikī, ʻano e nā kauwela wela a me nā hoʻoilo anu.
He mea nui ia i nā wahi hoʻoilo i nā biotopes holoholona maʻamau e hāʻule pinepine ka thermometer ma lalo o ke 40 mau kekelē, akā hiki i ke kāmele bactrian ke hoʻomanawanui me ka ʻoluʻolu a hoʻomanawanui i kēlā mau hauʻeha ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o kona huluhulu. ʻO nā huluhulu o ka pale i nā ʻūhā o loko, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i ka conductivity thermal o ka hulu. ʻO nā lauoho lahilahi o ka undercoat maikaʻi no ka mālama ea.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka lauoho o nā Bactrians he 50-70 mm, a ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka iwi kuamoʻo a me nā piko o nā puʻupuʻu aia ka lauoho, ʻo ka lōʻihi e ʻoi aku ana i ka hapahā o ka mika. Ke ulu nei ka ʻaʻahu loloa i nā lunamaka o nā laha i ka hāʻule, no laila i ka hoʻoilo ke ʻano o ia mau holoholona i ka wā pubescent. I ka pūnāwai, hoʻomaka nā kāmelo bactrian e hoʻoheheʻe, a hāʻule ka ʻahu i ka nāhelehele. I kēia manawa, he ʻano maikaʻi ʻole ka helehelena o ka holoholona.
ʻO kahi kala ʻeleʻele one ʻokoʻa me nā kekelē ʻokoʻa o ka ikaika ka mea maʻamau no ke kāmelo bactrian. ʻEʻeleʻele a malamalama paha kekahi kanaka, i kekahi manawa ʻulaʻula i ke kala.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Ua hele a lehulehu wale nā kāmelo o nā ʻano ʻelua ma nā wahi wao akua, a me nā steppe maloʻo. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā holoholona nui i nā kūlana aniau a i ʻole ka noho ʻana i nā wahi mauna. ʻO nā ʻano kāmelo Domesticated i kēia manawa ma nā wahi he nui o ʻAsia a me ʻApelika.
ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā dromedaries ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻApelika, a i hoʻokahi kekelē hema latitude, a ma ka ʻAlapia ʻAlapia a ma waenakonu o ʻAsia. I ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ia mau holoholona i Australia, kahi i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻololi koke i nā kūlana ʻano maʻamau. I kēia lā, ʻo ka nui o ia mau holoholona ma Australia he kanalima tausani kānaka.
Hoihoi ia!Hoʻolahalaha nui nā Bactrians i nā wahi e moe ana mai Asia Uku a hiki i Manchuria. I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o ʻumikūmāiwa miliona mau kāmelo i ka honua, a ma kahi o ʻumikūmākahi miliona mau kānaka e noho nei i ʻApelika.
ʻO Somalia i kēia lā he ʻehiku miliona mau kāmelo, a ma Sudan - ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu miliona mau kāmelo... Ua manaʻo ʻia ua make nā dromedaries hihiu i ka hoʻomaka o kā mākou wā. ʻO ko lākou home kūpuna paha ka mea i koho ʻia e ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Arabian Peninsula, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia inā he dromedaries kona mau kūpuna o kahi ʻano hihiu a i ʻole he kūpuna maʻamau me ka Bactrian. ʻO N. M.
ʻO Przhevalsky, i kāna huakaʻi Asia, ʻo ia ka mea mua i ʻike i ke ola o nā kāmele bactrian hihiu, ʻo Haptagai. Ua manaʻo ʻia ko lākou ola i kēlā manawa, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia, no laila ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia.
Aia nā heluna kanaka o nā Bactrians hihiu i kēia lā wale nō ma ka Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region a ma Mongolia. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ʻekolu mau heluna kanaka kaʻawale wale nō i ʻike ʻia ma laila, a ʻo ka huina nui o nā holoholona i loko o lākou i kēia manawa ma kahi o hoʻokahi kaukani mau kānaka. ʻO nā pilikia e pili ana i ka acclimatization o nā kāmele bactrian ʻāhiu i nā kūlana o ka wahi paka ʻo Yakutsk Pleistocene e noʻonoʻo nui ʻia nei.
ʻAiʻai kamelo
ʻO nā kāmelo nā ʻāpana maʻamau o nā ruminants. Hoʻohana nā ʻano ʻelua i ka solyanka a me ka wormwood i meaʻai, a ʻo ke kākalaioa hoʻi a me ka saxaul. Hiki i nā kāmelo ke inu i ka wai paʻakai, a mālama ʻia ka wai a pau i ke kino o ia mau holoholona i loko o ka rumen cell o ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana āpau o ka suborder e kāhea i ka make wai maikaʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka wai no ke kāmelo ka momona. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe o hoʻokahi haneli mau gram o ka momona e ʻae iā ʻoe e kiʻi ma kahi o 107 g o ka wai a me carbon dioxide.
Hoihoi ia!He akahele loa nā kamelo ahiu a hilinaʻi ʻole hoʻi, no laila makemake lākou e make i ka nele i ka wai a me nā meaʻai, akā ʻaʻole loa e hoʻokokoke loa aku i ka poʻe.
ʻOiai i ka lōʻihi o ka hele ʻole ʻana o ka wai, ʻaʻole mānoanoa ke koko o nā kāmelo. ʻO ia mau holoholona, no ka callus suborder, hiki ke ola ma kahi o ʻelua pule me ka ʻole o ka wai a no hoʻokahi mahina me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka hoʻomanawanui kupaianaha wale nō, i kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka pinepine o nā kāmelo hihiu ma mua o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e ʻehaʻeha nei i ka nui o nā wahi hoʻoinu. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia kūlana e ka hoʻomohala hana ʻana o nā wahi wao nahele e ka poʻe me ke kū nei o nā waihona wai kūlohelohe hou.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ka makahiki hānau o nā kāmelo ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i nā kāmele wahine hoʻokahi humped he ʻumikūmākolu mau mahina, a i nā kāmele wahine ʻelua humped - hoʻokahi mahina hou aʻe. Hana ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o hoʻokahi a me nā kāmelo humped ʻelua e like me ke ʻano o ka nui o nā holoholona kīkoa ʻia.
Weliweli loa ka wā rutting ʻaʻole wale no ke kāmelo ponoʻī, akā no nā kānaka pū kekahi. ʻO nā kāne makua kolohe i kēia manawa ua lilo i mea kūpikipiki loa, a i ke kaʻina o ka hakakā ʻana no ka wahine, ʻaʻohe o lākou kānalua i ka hiki ke hoʻouka i ka hoa paio a me kahi kanaka. ʻO nā kaua ikaika ma waena o nā kāne e hoʻopau pinepine me nā hōʻeha koʻikoʻi a me ka make o ka ʻaoʻao eo. I loko o ia mau hakakā, hoʻohana nā holoholona nui ʻaʻole wale i nā hooves mana, akā i nā niho hoʻi.
Hana ʻia ka hānai kāmelo i ka wā hoʻoilo, ke hoʻomaka ka wā ua ma nā wahi wao nahele, e hoʻolako ana i nā holoholona i ka wai a me ka meaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomaka ʻo ka rut dromedary ma mua o Bactrian. ʻO ka wahine, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hānau kahi keiki hoʻomohala maikaʻi, akā i kekahi manawa ua hānau ʻia he kāmelo. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola, piha ke kāmelo pēpē i kona mau wāwae, a hiki nō hoʻi ke holo ma hope o kona makuahine.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hakakā o nā kāmelo makua kolohe i loko o ka makemake o ke kāne e kīkē i kona hoa paio i lalo i mea e hehi ai ka hoa paio i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻOkoʻa ke kamelo i ka nui a me ke kaumaha.... ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo kahi pēpē hānau hou o kahi kāmelo ʻelua humped hiki ke kaupaona i 35-46 kg wale nō, me ke kiʻekiʻe o 90 knm. A ʻo nā dromedaries liʻiliʻi, me ka ʻaneʻane like ke kiʻekiʻe, he kaupaona 90-100 kg. Nānā ʻole i nā laha, hānai nā wahine i kā lākou keiki a ʻeono mau mahina a i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa makahiki. Mālama nā holoholona i kā lākou ʻōpio a makua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole piʻi ka pae o ke Tiga a me nā kāmelo, akā i ka wā ma mua, hoʻouka pinepine nā tigika he nui wale i nā holoholona hihiu, akā ʻo nā holoholona holoholona pū kekahi. Ua kaʻanalike nā Tiga me nā kāmele hihiu kokoke i Lake Lob Nor, akā ua nalowale mai kēia mau panalāʻau ma hope o ka wai. ʻAʻole mālama ka nui i ka Bactrian, no laila, aia kekahi mau hihia kaulana i ka wā e ʻā ai ke Tiga i nā kāmelo i paʻa i ka puʻu o kahi momona paʻakai. ʻO nā hoʻouka pinepine ʻana e nā tigika ma nā kāmelo home kahi kumu nui o ka alualu ʻana i ka mea hoʻomake e nā kānaka ma nā wahi hānai kāmelo he nui.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau i nā kāmelo, ʻo ia nō ka trypanosomiasis a me ka maʻi influenza, ka maʻi kāmelo a me nā echinococcosis, a me nā ʻili huehue.
ʻO kekahi ʻenemi weliweli o ke kāmelo ka ʻīlio hae, kahi e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i ka heluna kanaka o nā artiodactyls hihiu i kēlā me kēia makahiki. No nā kāmelo hānai, hoʻoweliweli pū ka ʻīlio hae, a ʻeha ka lunamakaʻāinana nui nui i ka suborder callus i kēlā meʻa me ka makaʻu maoli. Ke hoʻouka ʻia nā ʻīlio hae, ʻaʻole hoʻāʻo nā kāmelo e pale iā lākou iho, ʻuā wale lākou me ka leo nui a kuha ikaika i nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hiki i nā ʻalalā ke ʻeha i nā kino o ke holoholona - nā kāmelo, a i kēia hihia, hōʻike i ko lākou pale ʻole loa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻAʻole like me nā kāmelo puʻupaʻa hoʻokahi, i nalowale mai ka nāhelehele i ka wā prehistoric a loaʻa i kēia manawa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe wale nō ma ke ʻano o nā holoholona momona lua, ua ola nā kāmelo humped ʻelua i ka nāhelehele.
Hoihoi ia! Ua helu ʻia nā kāmelo hihiu ma ka puke ʻulaʻula, kahi e hāʻawi ʻia ai ia ʻano holoholona i ka mahele CR - kahi ʻano i loko o ka weliweli nui.
Eia nō naʻe, ua kākaʻikahi loa nā kāmelo bactrian hihiu i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia i hala, no laila, i kēia lā aia lākou i ke ala o ka make loa. Wahi a kekahi mau hōʻike, aia nā kāmele hihiu i kahi ʻewalu i waena o nā mea hānai a pau e pili ana i ka pae o ka hoʻoweliweli.
Kāmelo a me kānaka
Ua mālama lōʻihi ʻia nā Kāmelo e nā kānaka a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā hana hoʻokele waiwai:
- «ʻO Nar"- he holoholona nui a hiki i ke tona. Ua loaʻa kēia hybrid ma ke keʻa ʻana i kahi Arvan humped hoʻokahi me kahi kāmelo ʻelua humped Kazakh. Hōʻike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia kanaka e ke alo o hoʻokahi nui, me he mea lā he ʻelua mau ʻāpana, puʻupuʻu. Hāpai ʻia nā Nars e nā kānaka ma muli o kā lākou ʻano waiū kūpono. ʻO ka hua ʻana o ka waiū ma kēlā me kēia kanaka ma kahi o ʻelua tausani lita o ka makahiki;
- «Kama"- kahi hybrid kaulana i loaʻa i ke keʻa ʻana i kahi kāmelo dromedary me kahi llama. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēlā ʻano holoholona e kona kino pōkole ma waena o 125-140 knm a me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kākaʻikahi ka nui o 65-70 kg. ʻAʻohe puʻupuʻu maʻamau i ka kam, akā ʻo kēlā holoholona he mana hāpai maikaʻi loa, ma muli o ia e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he ukana i nā wahi i hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia;
- «Inery", a i ʻole"Iners"- nā pilikua nunui hoʻokahi puʻupuʻu nani me ka lole nani. Ua loaʻa kēia hybrid ma ke keʻa ʻana i kahi kāmela wahine o ka hānau Tureke me kahi kāne kāne ʻo Arvana;
- «Jarbai"- hiki ʻole ke hoʻoulu ʻia a kākaʻikahi loa ka hybrid, i hānau ʻia ma ke ʻano he male ʻana i nā kāmelo kālua;
- «Kurt"- kahi humped hoʻokahi-humped a ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia i loaʻa ʻia e ka male ʻana i kahi wahine i loko me kahi kāmela kāne o ka lāhui Turkmen. Loaʻa i ka holoholona kahi hua waiū maikaʻi loa, akā ʻo ka waiū i loaʻa he hapa haʻahaʻa o ka momona;
- «Kaspak"He ʻano hybrid kaulana loa ia, i loaʻa i ka male ʻana i kahi kāne Bactrian me kahi wahine ʻo Nara. Hānai nui ʻia ia mau holoholona no ka hua waiū kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui o kaʻiʻo i hoʻohiwahiwa ʻia.
- «Kez-nar"- kekahi o nā palapala hybrid i pālahalaha nui ʻia i loaʻa i ke keʻa ʻana i ka Caspak me kahi kāmelo Turkmen. ʻO kekahi o nā holoholona nui loa e pili ana i ka nui a me ka hua o ka waiū.
Hoʻohana ikaika ke kanaka i ka waiū kamelo a me ka momona, a me ka ʻiʻo o nā ʻōpio. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea i mahalo nui ʻia i kēia lā ka hulu kāmelo kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā lole mehana nui, nā kapa moe, nā kāmaʻa a me nā mea e pono ai nā kānaka.
