Meerkats (lat.Suricata suricatta). I waho, ʻano like lākou i nā gophers, ʻoiai ka mea maoli ʻaʻole pili lākou i nā meheu. ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa o ka meerkats he mongoose, a ʻo martens ka mea mamao loa.
Hōʻike o nā meerkats
ʻO Meerkats kekahi o nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi loa o ka mongoose... Noho kēia mau holoholona i loko o nā kolone, a ʻo ka nui o lākou i ʻoi aku i ka 30 mau kānaka. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi kamaʻilio hoʻomohala nui - e like me nā manaʻo o ka ʻepekema, i ka "ʻōlelo o ka meerkats" aia ma kahi o 10 mau ʻano hui like ʻole o ke kani.
Helehelena
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka meerkat ma ka awelika 25-35 cm, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka huelo mai 17 a 25 cm. ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o nā holoholona ma mua o kahi kilokilo - ma kahi o 700-800 gram. ʻO ke kino elongated streamlines e ʻae iā ʻoe e neʻe i nā lua hāiki a hūnā i nā ulu lāʻau o ka mauʻu maloʻo. Aia ke kala o ka hulu o nā meerkats i ka wahi a lākou e noho ai. ʻO nā lau ʻokoʻa mai ka brown brown i ka hina hina, fawn, a i ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
ʻO ka meerkat o nā wahi o ka hema kahi i ʻeleʻele loa ka waihoʻoluʻu, a ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma Kalahari, he ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula iki paha. ʻO nā mea noho dune (Angola, Nambia) ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole kūlike ke kala o kaʻaʻahu. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka lauoho ma ke poʻo ma mua o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe a pau o ke kino, koe wale no nā kiko ʻeleʻele e hoʻopuni ana i nā maka. Loaʻa i ka hope i nā kaha ākea ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻohe kapa ʻaʻano ma ka ʻōpū, he kapa palupalu wale nō.
ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka hulu o nā myrkats wīwī lahilahi i ka hoʻonani wela maikaʻi, no laila hiamoe nui nā holoholona e kūʻē i kekahi i ʻole e paʻa ai ka hau. I ke kakahiaka hoʻomehana lākou i ka lā ma hope o ke anuanu a me ka pō wao nahele. ʻO ka huelo lōʻihi a lahilahi ka wili. ʻO ka lauoho o ka huelo he pōkole, paʻa pono. Hoʻomau ka huelo ponoʻī i ke kala me ke kapa nui o ka holoholona, a kala wale ka piko i kahi kala ʻeleʻele, kūlike i ke kala o nā kaha ma ke kua.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka huelo o ka meerkat ma ke ʻano he kaulike ke kū ma luna o kona mau wāwae hope, a ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli hoʻi i ka poʻe kūʻē a me ka pale ʻana i nā hoʻoheheʻe nahesa... He piko elongated meerkats me ka ihu palupalu ʻeleʻele i nā Meerkats. He ʻano ʻala maikaʻi loa nā holoholona i ʻae ʻia, e ʻae ana iā lākou e honi i ka mea pio i hūnā ʻia i ke one a i ʻole nā ulu lāʻau. Hoʻohui, ke ʻano o ka pilau e ʻae iā ʻoe e honi wikiwiki i nā malihini ma kāu panalāʻau a pale i ka komo ʻana. Eia kekahi, me ka pilau, ʻike ʻo meerkats i kā lākou ponoʻī, hoʻoholo i nā maʻi o kekahi, ke ʻano o ka hānau keiki, nā pilina me nā malihini.
Aia nā pepeiao o ka mau mura ma ke poʻo a like me ke ʻano o ka crescent. Hoʻonoho haʻahaʻa ʻia lākou a pena ʻeleʻele. ʻAe kēia kūlana o nā pepeiao i nā holoholona e lohe pono i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o nā ʻīlio hae a i ʻole nā mea ʻaihue ʻē aʻe.
Hoihoi ia! I ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana o ka holoholona, pani ʻia kona mau pepeiao mai ke komo ʻana o ka honua i loko o lākou.
He maka nunui nui loa ko Meerkats, kahi e hoʻomaopopo koke ai iā lākou mai nā koʻokoʻo. Hoʻokani ka lauoho ʻeleʻele a puni nā maka i nā kuleana ʻelua i ka manawa hoʻokahi - pale ia i nā maka mai ka lā wela a i ka manawa like e hoʻonui ai i ka nui i ko lākou nui. Ma muli o kēia mau pōʻai, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ka maka o nā meerkats, a ʻo nā maka ponoʻī ke nānā aku i ka nui, kahi mea e makaʻu ai i kekahi o ka poʻe kūʻē.
ʻAi nui nā holoholona i nā mea kolo a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi, no laila ua ʻoki iki lākou i nā incisors a me nā molara oi. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea pono niho e ʻae iā ʻoe e kūpale me nā pūpū o ka moʻo huelo ʻawa, ka uhi chitinous o millipedes a me nā nalo, wili i nā iwi o nā holoholona a nahu ma nā hua o nā manu liʻiliʻi e waiho ana i ka honua.
Neʻe ʻo Meerkats ma nā wāwae ʻehā me ko lākou huelo i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i luna. Hiki iā lākou ke holo wikiwiki loa ma kahi mamao - ma nā heihei, hiki i ko lākou wikiwiki i 30 km / h. Pono kēia i mea e hūnā koke ai i ka lua ke hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻoweliweli. Kū ka mea kaulana i kona mau wāwae hope i mea e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho a me kou poʻe ʻohana mai ka makaʻu. I kēia kūlana, nānā ka poʻe kiaʻi i nā mea hiki wawe ka hiki.
Hoihoi ia! ʻIke nui nā holoholona i nā maka maka, i ka manawa like i kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi mamao, ʻaʻole ma kahi mamao. Pono lākou i ka ʻike e ʻike i ka weliweli a me nā ʻenemi, a i ka hopu holoholona hilinaʻi ʻia lākou i ko lākou ʻano pilau.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā me kēia pā me nā māiʻuʻu lōʻihi ʻehā i hoʻi ʻole i loko o nā pale. ʻOi aku nā māiʻuʻu o nā wāwae mua ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao hope, a ʻoi aku ka piʻo. ʻAe kēia ʻano iā ʻoe e ʻeli koke i nā lua no ka noho ʻana a i ʻole ʻeli i nā mea kolo e iho ana i ka lepo. Hoʻohana ʻole ʻia nā māiʻuʻu i ke kaua me ka ʻenemi. Hōʻike wale ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i ka nui - ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Noho nā myrkats huehue lahilahi i nā kolone, aia ma kahi o 15 a 30 mau holoholona. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hui - a hiki i 60 mau kānaka. Pili nā holoholona āpau i ka pili koko, ʻae ʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻia nā malihini i ke kolone. Mālama kahi makua wahine wahine makua i ka ʻūlū. Ukali ʻia ʻo ia i ka hierarchy e nā wahine ʻōpio, kaikuahine, nā ʻanakē, a me nā kaikamahine a ka makuakāne. A laila hele mai nā kāne kāne makua. Noho ʻia ka pae haʻahaʻa e nā holoholona ʻōpio a me nā keiki. Noho nā wahine hāpai i kahi kūlana kūikawā i ka ʻohana, i wehewehe ʻia e ka pono e mālama i ka momona kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻomaopopo maopopo ʻia nā kuleana o kēlā me kēia lālā o ka ʻohana ma ke kolone. ʻO nā ʻelele ʻōpio - nā kāne ʻōpio a me nā wahine - hana pinepine i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā lua ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a nā holoholona ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka ʻike. Kū kiaʻi ka hanauna kahiko ma luna o nā lua (kahi i kapa ʻia ka inoa o nā holoholona ʻo "Desert sentries") a me nā huli no ka mea pio. Hoʻololi kēlā me kēia mau hola he 3-4 i ka poʻe lawelawe - lilo ka mea hānai maikaʻi i mea kiaʻi, a hele ka poʻe kiaʻi i ka hopu holoholona. Hōʻike ka Mirkats hopohopo ʻaʻole wale e pili ana i kā lākou mau keiki, akā i nā keiki a nā wahine ʻē aʻe; ʻaneʻane hānai ka hipa holoʻokoʻa i nā pēpē ulu. Mālama nā ʻōpio meerkats i ka ʻōpio i ka haʻalele ʻana o nā wahine e hānai. I ka pō a i ke anuanu, hui pū nā holoholona a hoʻomehana kekahi i kekahi me kā lākou mehana.
ʻO ka dierkats wale nō ka diurnal... Ma hope koke o ke ala ʻana, kolo lākou i waho o kā lākou lua e hoʻomehana ai ma hope o ka pō anuanu. A laila kekahi o lākou e "kiaʻi", ʻoiai hele kekahi i ka hopu holoholona, ma hope o kekahi mau hola he hoʻololi o ke kiaʻi. I ka wela, peʻe lākou i lalo o ka honua, hoʻonui a hoʻonui i nā lua, hoʻihoʻi i nā ala i hāʻule a kanu paha i nā ala kahiko a pono ʻole paha.
Pono nā lua hou inā pilikia nā mea kahiko e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻopahu ʻia nā lua kūpuna i kekahi manawa me nā myrkats ke nui nā parasites i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o lākou. I ke ahiahi, ke emi ka wela, hele hou nā holoholona i ka hopu holoholona, a ma hope koke o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā e peʻe lākou i nā lua.
Luku koke ʻo Meerkats i ka panalāʻau o ko lākou noho ʻana a koi ʻia e holoholo pinepine i kēlā me kēia wahi. Hoʻokumu pinepine kēia i nā hakakā ʻohana kolohe ma luna o ka wahi hānai, kahi e make ai hoʻokahi o ʻelima mau meerkats. Pale pale ikaika ʻia nā lua e nā wahine, no ka mea ke make ka ʻohana, luku nā ʻenemi i nā ʻohana āpau.
Hoihoi ia! Ke lawa ka meaʻai, kākaʻikahi nā hakakā ma waena o nā ʻohana. Hoʻomaka nā hakakā ke emi ka lako o ka meaʻai, ke ʻike ʻelua mau ʻohana pili kokoke i ka nele i ka meaʻai.
Eia hou, haki pinepine nā hakakā kūloko ma waena o ka wahine koʻikoʻi a me kēlā mau wahine i ʻaʻa e hāpai. Ke nānā pono nei ka makua kāne i kēia. I loko o ia mau hakakā, hiki i ke alakaʻi wahine ke pepehi i ka mea hewa, a inā hiki iā ia ke hānau, a laila kāna mau keiki. Kūleʻa ke alakaʻi i nā hoʻāʻo o nā wahine haʻahaʻa e hānau hou. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka lehulehu, ʻo ia nō ka make ʻana o kekahi wahine wahine i kā lākou keiki a waiho paha iā lākou i nā lua kahiko i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana.
ʻO kekahi wahine ʻē aʻe, e ʻimi nei e hopu i ka mana a mālama i ke ola o kāna mau keiki, hiki ke komo pū i nā keiki a ke alakaʻi. Hiki i kēlā wahine wahine ke luku i nā keiki ʻē aʻe - nā mea like a me nā mea kiʻekiʻe. Inā hiki ʻole i ka makuakāne ke mālama i ka hanohano, ua hoʻololi ʻia ʻo ia e kekahi, kaikaina, ikaika a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Ehia mau mea ola e noho nei
I ka nahelehele, ʻaʻole ola ke ola o nā meerkats ma mua o 6-8 mau makahiki. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma mua he 4-5 mau makahiki. Nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā holoholona, e wehewehe nei i ko lākou momona kiʻekiʻe. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana - i nā zoo, me ka mālama ʻana i ka home - hiki i nā meerkats ke ola a 10-12 mau makahiki. ʻOi loa ka make ma vivo - 80% i nā pēpē a ma kahi o 30% i nā mākua. Aia ke kumu i loko o ka pēpē maʻamau e ka wahine makua wahine o nā ʻīlio wahine ʻē aʻe.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO Habitat - ka hema o ka moku ʻApelika: Namibia, ʻApelika Hema, Botswana, Angola, Lesotho. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā meerkats maʻamau i ka wao nahele ʻo Kalahari a me Namib. Noho lākou i nā ʻāina ākea loa, nā wao akua, a ʻaʻohe kumu lāʻau. Makemake lākou i nā kula ākea, nā sabana, nā wahi me ka lepo paʻa. ʻO kēia wahi kūpono kūpono no ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana.
Mea ʻai Meerkat
I nā wahi noho o nā myrkats huehue lahilahi, ʻaʻole nui loa nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona, kahi e hiki ai i kekahi ke loaʻa pono. ʻAi lākou i nā nalo like ʻole, nā ants, kā lākou larvae, millipedes. Hōʻemi pinepine lākou i nā scorpion a me nā spider. Kūpaʻa i ka lāʻau wīwī scorpion a me nā huna huna loa o nā mea kolo a me nā centipedes. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi - nā moʻo, nā moʻo, nā manu liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa luku lākou i nā pūnana o kēlā mau manu i pūnana ma ka honua a i ka mauʻu.
Manaʻo kuhihewa ʻo ia ʻo meerkats i pale i ka lāʻau make a nā nāhesa. Inā nahu ka nahesa wela i ka Mirkat, e make ʻo ia, akā ʻaʻole iki kēia. He holoholona dexterous nui loa nā Meerkats, a hōʻike lākou i ka dexterity kupaianaha ke hakakā ana i kahi nahesa. He paʻakikī loa e nahu i kahi meerkat ma muli o ko lākou neʻe nui, a i ka hapanui o nā hihia e nalowale nā nahesa a ʻai ʻia lākou iho. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā ʻāpana Succulent o nā mea kanu - lau, koʻokoʻo, rhizome a me nā puʻupuʻu.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki i nā myrcats huehue lahilahi ke oʻo i ka hopena o ka makahiki mua o ke ola. Hiki i kahi wahine makua olakino ke lawe mai i 4 mau litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki, hiki i kēlā me kēia ke loaʻa i ʻehiku mau pēpē. Hāpai ʻo Meerkats ma waena o Kepakemapa a me Malaki.
ʻO ka hāpai ʻana o ka wahine he 77 mau lā ke awelika. Hānau ʻia nā pēpē a makapō a kōkua ʻole. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi meerkat hānau hou ma kahi o 30 gram.
Ma nā hebedoma ʻelua o ka makahiki, wehe ka maka o ka meerkats a hoʻomaka e aʻo i ke ola o ka makua. Hoʻomaka e ʻike ʻia nā pepeke liʻiliʻi i kā lākou papaʻai ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina. ʻO ka mea mua, hānai ʻia nā keiki e ka makuahine a me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻeke, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e alualu iā lākou iho. Hāʻule ka hānai ʻana o ka hanauna ʻōpio ma nā poʻohiwi o ko lākou mau kaikuaʻana makua. Nānā lākou i nā meerkats ʻōpio, hoʻonohonoho i nā pāʻani a me nā kiaʻi no ka makaʻu hiki ʻole mai nā mea hōkai.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka wahine makua wahine wale nō ke hiki ke lawe mai i keiki. I kekahi manawa ua hāpai nā wahine ʻē aʻe, kahi e pili ai i ka hakakā intra-clan.
Aʻo nā mirkats makua i nā holoholona ʻōpio, ʻaʻole kū kēia i kahi ala passive. ʻO nā pēpē makua e hele pū me nā mākua ma ka huli holoholona... ʻO ka mea mua, hānai ʻia lākou me nā mea pio i pepehi ʻia, a laila neutralize, akā ke ola nei nō. No laila, aʻo nā ʻōpio i ka hopu ʻana a me ka hana me ka mea pio, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou i ka meaʻai hou. A laila nānā wale nā mākua i ka ʻimi ʻana o nā ʻōpio, ke kōkua ʻana i nā hihia kakaikahi e kāohi ai i kahi pio nui a i ʻole dexterous, ka mea a ka ʻōpio i hiki ʻole ke alo ponoʻī iā ia iho. Aia wale nō ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki i ka cub ke hana ponoʻī i kāna iho, ʻae ʻia e alualu iā ia iho.
I ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe meerkats makua e "kamaʻilio" i nā ʻōpio me nā mea hiki ke loaʻa - nā moʻo, nā moʻo, nā nananana, nā centipedes. He mea hiki ʻole loa ia i ka meerkat kūʻokoʻa makua ke ʻike ʻole pehea e kū ai i kēia a i ʻole kēlā ʻenemi ʻai. Hiki i nā meerkats ulu ke haʻalele i ka ʻohana a hoʻāʻo e loaʻa i kā lākou ʻohana ponoʻī. I kēia hihia, ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana, ua hoʻolaha ʻia lākou he ʻano veneza mai ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī - ʻike ʻia lākou he malihini a, ke hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻi, e kipaku aloha ʻole ʻia lākou mai ka ʻāina.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka meerkat e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea ʻono maikaʻi no nā holoholona holoholona, nā manu a me nā moʻo nui. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui a noho mau i nā manu nui - nā ʻaeto, hiki ke huki i kahi meerkat nui makua. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke pale aku nā wahine i kā lākou pua mai nā manu ma o ka mōhai ʻana iā lākou iho.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOi aku ka make o nā holoholona ma muli o nā kaua ʻohana maʻamau - ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻenemi kūlohelohe nā meerkats o lākou iho.
Hiki i nā liona ke hoʻouka i nā meerkats i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻO nā moʻo nui, e like me ka cobra mōʻī, kolo i kekahi manawa i loko o kā lākou mau lua, kahi e ʻoliʻoli ai me nā ʻīlio ʻōpio makapō a me nā ʻōpio, a me nā kānaka nui aʻe hiki iā lākou ke kūpale.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO ka Meerkats kahi ʻano ulu nui me ka makaʻu liʻiliʻi o ka make ʻana. I ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mahiʻai ma ʻApelika Hema a me Namibia, ke emi nei ko lākou ʻāina no ka haunaele o ko lākou wahi noho. ʻO ke komo hou ʻana o ke kanaka i ka kūlohelohe e hoʻonui wale ia i ke kūlana. Maʻalahi loa nā holoholona e hū a lilo i kumuhana o ke kālepa ma nā ʻāina ʻApelika. ʻO ka hemo ʻana i nā holoholona mai ka nahelehele e hoʻopili i ko lākou heluna kanaka, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ko lākou wahi noho.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Lūlū momona
- ʻĀkau ʻAheka
- ʻO Paca (lat. Cuncicus paca)
- Mākeke māneka
No nā kānaka, ʻaʻohe waiwai waiwai kūikawā o nā meerkats - ʻaʻole lākou e ʻai ʻia a hoʻohana ʻole i ka hulu. Pōmaikaʻi nā holoholona no ka mea luku lākou i nā moʻo huelo ʻawa, nā nananana a me nā moʻo e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i nā kānaka. Manaʻo kekahi mau ʻohana ʻApelika e pale aku nā Mirkats i ko lākou wahi noho a me kā lākou holoholona mai nā werewolves, no laila maʻalahi lākou i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio.
