ʻOi aku ka like o kēia bear me he mea pāʻani, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pili iki kona ana. No kāna clushiness plush a me kona nani maoli, ʻaʻole maʻalahi kēia teddy bear. He paʻakikī e loaʻa kahi mea hūnā a pohihihi hoʻi. Lawe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomau ʻo ia e noho i ka pouli a hiki i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 19 a no kahi manawa lōʻihi i alakaʻi ʻia e ka ihu nā ʻepekema. ʻO kēlā mau mea, a hiki i kēia manawa, i manaʻo ʻia he raccoon nui.
He pilikua a panda nunui paha, he bea ʻohe ʻo ia, a he panda ʻike ʻia hoʻi ia - kahi waiwai aupuni o Kina a me ka logo o ka World Wildlife Fund.
Hōʻike o ka panda
ʻO ka panda nunui kahi ʻano māmala ia mai ka ʻohana bear, ke ʻano o nā carnivores - i hōʻike mua ʻia e Armand David i ka makahiki 1869 wale nō.... I Kina, ua ʻike ka heluna kaiāulu e pili ana i ka bea ʻike ʻole ʻia mai ka wā kahiko a kapa ʻia ʻo "Bei Shuang", ʻo ia hoʻi "bear polar" i ka ʻōlelo Kina. ʻO kēia bea ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hoʻi kekahi inoa Kina - "bear-cat".
Akā, inā ʻaʻole i kānalua ka heluna kanaka kūloko he bea ka panda, a laila ʻaʻole lokahi ka manaʻo o nā ʻepekema. Ua hoʻohilahila ʻia lākou e ke ʻano o nā niho atypical no ka bea a me kahi huelo lōʻihi loa. No laila, ʻaneʻane ma kahi kenekulia, kuhihewa ka panda no kahi raccoon, nui loa, akā naʻe, he raccoon.
Hoihoi ia! Aia he ʻelua mau ʻano panda i ʻike ʻia ma ka Honua - nui a liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea nui he bea, a ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi he canine.
I ka makahiki 2008 wale nō, ma o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻano moʻokalaleo hoʻohālikelike, ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe ʻepekema he bear ka pilikua nui a ʻo kona pili pili loa he bea kupaianaha e noho ana ma ʻAmelika Hema.
Ua aʻo pono ka paleontologist Australia ʻo E. Tennius, i ke aʻo pono ʻana i ka biochemical, morphological, cardiological a me nā mea hōʻike ʻē aʻe o ka panda nunui, he bea ia i nā huapalapala he 16, a he 5 mau huapalapala ʻo ia he raccoon a ma ka 12 he pilikino loa ia a ʻaʻole like me kekahi mea, ʻo ia wale nō. , panda nunui - bear bear. Ma hope mai, ua hana kekahi ʻepekema ʻAmelika i kahi hopena hope loa: ʻo ka lālā o ka panda nunui i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka laina o nā bea i ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana - ma mua o 18 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
Helehelena
Loaʻa i ka panda nunui kahi hanana a me nā ʻāpana maʻamau no ka bea - kahi kino kino (lōʻihi - a 1.8 m, ke kaupaona - a 160 kg), kahi poʻo poepoe nui a me kahi huelo pokole. Akā ua kaupalena ʻia kēia "ʻanoʻano" o ka panda, a hoʻomaka ka "individuality".
ʻO ke kala ʻokoʻa o ka panda nunui. Mai ka ʻaoʻao ke ʻano ke hele nei ka bear polar i ka carnival holoholona: kau ʻo ia i nā aniani ʻeleʻele, ka lole komo, nā mikina lima, nā stockings a kau i nā pepeiao pepeiao ʻeleʻele hou aku. Keiki maikaʻi!
ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe loea ke ʻōlelo no ke kumu o kēia "masquerade". Hoʻolaha kekahi o nā mana i kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kala like ʻole o ke ʻano camouflage, no ka mea, i ka wā mua ua noho kiʻekiʻe ka bea ʻohe i nā kuahiwi i uhi ʻia e ka hau. A ʻo nā kiko ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hoʻi kāna camouflage e hui pū me nā aka o nā pōhaku i uhi ʻia me ka hau.
ʻO ka baculum ʻē. ʻO Bakulum, ka iwi o ka peni, i hana ʻia mai nā mea hoʻopili, ʻaʻole i loaʻa wale i ka panda nunui, akā i nā mea māmela ʻē aʻe. Akā aia ia i ka bear ohe i kuhikuhi ʻia ka bakulum i hope, ʻaʻole i mua, e like me nā bea ʻē aʻe, a, eia hoʻi, he ʻano S kona.
ʻO Amble ʻO nā poʻohiwi nunui a hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī, hui pū ʻia me nā wāwae hope i hoʻēmi ʻia, e hāʻawi i ka ʻohe ʻohe ala hele wāwae
Nā āiwaha kūikawā. Maikaʻi loa, me nā molar ākea a pālahalaha (ākea a pālahalaha ma mua o nā bea maʻamau), ʻae kēia mau ā i ka panda nunui e wili i nā koʻo ʻohe paʻakikī me ka pilikia ʻole.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka paia o ka ʻōpū o ka panda nunui ka muscular, a ua uhi ʻia nā ʻōpū me kahi mānoanoa o ka mucus - nā ʻano kūpono e kū ai i ka meaʻai lau lāʻau.
Nā wāwae mua kūpono ʻole... ʻEono mau manamana wāwae o ka panda nunui ma kona mau wāwae i mua. ʻElima o lākou e pili pū, a puka kekahi i ka ʻaoʻao a ʻike ʻia ʻo ka "manamana nui o panda". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia he manamana lima, akā he ʻano protrusion ʻili, a i ʻole, he iwi i hoʻololi ʻia, i haku ʻia e ke kūlohelohe e kōkua i ka bea e paʻa pono i nā lālā ʻohe i ka wā o ka pāʻina.
Ka nohona ola, hana
He ʻaihue loa ka panda nunui. ʻAʻole ʻo ia wikiwiki e hōʻike iā ia iho i ka poʻe, makemake i kahi nohona hūnā i ka nāhelehele. No kahi manawa lōʻihi loa ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke haʻi aku i kekahi mea e pili ana iā ia iho. A ʻike iki ke kāne e pili ana iā ia. Hoʻomaka e hoʻopiha nā hakahaka ke mālama pono ʻia nā lālani ʻaneʻane make o ka bea a hoʻomaka e hana i nā mālama mālama no ia. Ma hope o ka maʻamau o ka bea ʻohe, aia i kēia manawa i kāna kahua o ka hihiʻo, ua aʻo ke kāne i nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā ia.
He ʻano sedate a hanohano ka panda nunui. He mea nui ka Behaves, me ka haʻaheo hoʻi, hele mālie. Ma hope o kēia hanohano hanohano e waiho i kahi ʻano hoʻokolokolo a me ka maluhia. Akā ʻo ka maluhia o ka panda ka palena. A ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻāʻo i ko lākou ahonui - ʻaʻole hoʻi i nā ʻohana, a me nā kāne.
Hoihoi ia! Hāʻawi ʻia ka bear bear i kahi ʻano o "solidity" e kāna ʻano pose. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ʻo ia e noho ana "e like me ka noho" - ke hilinaʻi nei i kona kua i kekahi mea a hoʻomaha i kona ʻūlū mua ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻAʻole he bea, akā he aliʻi ʻohe maoli!
Palau panda nui... Me he mea lā ka palena o ka panda nunui e pili ana i ka palaualelo. Aia kekahi ʻōlelo hoʻomākeʻaka e pili ana i kēia - ʻōlelo lākou he palaualelo ka panda a hiki i ka nui a moloā ʻo ia ke hana hou. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mālama mālama ikaika ko ka panda ma muli o kāna papaʻai kanu haʻahaʻa-calorie.
No ka lawa ʻana, pono e ʻai ka panda i ka manawa mau - 10-12 mau hola i ka lā. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa hiamoe ʻo ia. Eia kekahi, ʻeleu ka panda i ka wanaʻao a me ka pō, a i ka lā e hiamoe ai ʻo ia, e hohola ana ma kahi o ka malu. ʻO ka ikaika āpau i loaʻa i ka panda nunui mai ka meaʻai aku, hoʻolilo ʻo ia i kāna mea ponoʻī ponoʻī. Ua ʻike ʻia i ka paʻa pio ʻana, kahi o ka beaʻohe o nā pilikia me ka meaʻai, hana ʻoi aku ka hana a me ka pāʻani. Hiki ke kū ma luna o kona poʻo, somersault, piʻi piʻi grates a me nā ʻanuʻu. Eia kekahi, hana ʻo ia iā ia me ka leʻaleʻa maopopo, i ka hauʻoli a me ka naʻau o kēlā me kēia.
ʻAʻole hibernate nā bea ʻohe... I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe wale lākou i nā wahi i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka lewa.
He mea moemoeā nā panda nunui... ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ka wā hānau, kahi pōkole loa ia no lākou a hiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, pale nā pandas i ko lākou kaʻawale, pale ʻana i ka wahi noho mai nā parishioners - nā bea ʻohe ʻē aʻe.
Manaʻo nā ʻepekema he kumu kēia hana ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i nā pandas ʻelua ke hānai i hoʻokahi pūnaewele. ʻAʻole nā pākana nunui nā mea kūkulu, ʻaʻole lākou e hana i mau lua mau, makemake i nā hale kūlohelohe kūlohelohe - ana, nā kumu lāʻau. Hiki i nā Pandas ke ʻauʻau, akā ʻaʻole makemake i ka wai - peʻe lākou mai ka ua, mai hele i loko o ka muliwai, pono ʻole, a hōʻole e ʻauʻau i ka loko wai. Akā i ka manawa like, he holoholona maʻemaʻe loa nā panda nunui.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- ʻO Baribal, a i ʻole bea ʻeleʻele
- ʻO ka bear a brown a maʻamau paha
- Bea Polar
- ʻO Grizzly ka holoholona nui weliweli
Mālie a mālama nā makuahine Panda... ʻIke ʻia lākou e pāʻani ana me kā lākou mau keiki no ka leʻaleʻa. I kekahi manawa ala lākou i kā lākou kamaliʻi e pāʻani wale me lākou.
ʻAʻole kamaʻilio nui nā panda nunui. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe liʻiliʻi i ko lākou leo. I kekahi manawa hana lākou i kahi leo e like me ke ʻano o ke kani ʻana. A ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻike ana i kahi kūlana pīhoihoi, hiki i kēia bea ke kuli i nā "leo". Hiki iā ia ke "pū" i haʻalulu nā kīʻaha i nā puka aniani. Hiki iā ia ke moo e like me ka bipi a ʻū hoʻi.
ʻAʻole ʻenemi nā Pandas... Pili lākou i ka poʻe me ka ʻole o ka huhū, hoʻomanaʻo koke i ko lākou inoa kapakapa a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia i ka wā ʻōpio.
Wā ola
I kona wahi maoli, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka panda nunui ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i 20 mau makahiki. I nā zoo, hoʻonohonoho lākou i kekahi manawa i nā moʻolelo ola lōʻihi. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka wahine Min-Ming, he kamaʻāina o ka Zoo Beijing, ua ola i 34 mau makahiki.
Nā ʻano panda nunui
Aia ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka panda nunui:
- Ailuropoda melanoleuca - loaʻa wale ma ka panina Kina o Sichuan a he ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ʻano ʻeleʻele.
- Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis - ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ʻano he subspecies kūʻokoʻa i ka 2005 wale nō. Noho ma nā mauna Qinling, ma ke komohana o Kina. ʻOkoʻa i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā hulu keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo ma kahi o ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo. Manaʻo nā ʻepekema ʻo kēia kala ka hopena o ka mutation a me nā ʻano o ka papaʻai i kēia wahi.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
I ka nahelehele, ʻike wale ʻia ka panda nunui ma Kina a i loko wale nō o ʻekolu mau panalāʻau - Gansu, Sichuan a me Shaanxi, a aia wale nō i ko lākou mau mauna mauna. Ma mua, ua noho nā panda nunui ʻaʻole ma nā mauna wale nō, akā, ma nā kula hoʻi. Akā ʻo ka ikaika o ka hana a ke kanaka a me ka ululāʻau ʻana i hana ai kēia mau holoholona, ka mea mahalo i ka noho kaʻawale, piʻi i nā kuahiwi.
Mea nui! I kēia lā, ʻo ka nui o nā pandas nunui ma lalo o 30 tausani km2.
Ma ke ʻano he wahi noho, koho nā panda nunui i nā ululāʻau kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe ma nā pali kūlia me ke alo obligatory o ka ʻohe.
Papaʻai Panda
ʻO nā panda nunui nā mea ʻai ʻai ʻole predatory. I loko nō o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻoka o nā mea ʻaihue, ʻo kā lākou papaʻai he 90% mau mea kanu mea kanu. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ia ʻohe. ʻAi lākou i ka nui. Pono kahi makua i kēlā me kēia lā ma ka liʻiliʻi he 30 kg o ka ʻohe e ʻai ai.
Loaʻa i nā panda nunui nā calories i nalo me nā mea kanu a me nā hua ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea ʻai protein mai nā ʻelala, nā hua manu, nā iʻa a me nā māmala liʻiliʻi. Mai hōʻole i ka carrion.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hānau ka panda pilikua i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua. ʻO ka manawa o kona mākaukau no ka hoʻoulu ʻana he 3 mau lā puna wale nō. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hānau ʻia hoʻokahi cub, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ʻelua, akā ʻaʻole ola ka lua. Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka ulu ʻana o nā pandas nunui i 4-6 mau makahiki, a ola ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki, a laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoholo he maikaʻi ʻole ke kūlana me ka hana hou ʻana i kēia holoholona.
ʻO ka hana pika nunui ma kahi o 5 mau mahina. Hānau ʻia ka pēpē i ka hopena o ke kauwela, ka wanaʻao - makapō, uhi maʻalahi ʻia me ka lauoho a me ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi hānau hānau i loko o kahi makuahine panda nui ʻaʻole hiki iki i ka 140 g. ʻAʻohe kōkua nui a pēpē a hilinaʻi loa i nā hopohopo o ka makuahine a me kāna waiū. Hoʻopili ka cub i ka makuahine 14 mau manawa i ka lā. I kēia mau manawa āpau, inā e hiamoe ana ʻo ia, ke ʻai nei paha ʻo ia, ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu i kāna keiki mai kāna wāwae. I ka makahiki o ʻelua mau mahina, kaupaona ka pēpē i 4 kg, a i ʻelima mau mahina e loaʻa ana iā ia he 10 kg.
Ma 3 mau pule, hāmama nā maka o ka bea a ulu a ulu i ka huluhulu, a lilo e like me ka bea ohe. Ma 3 mau makahiki, hele mua ʻo ia i kāna mau ʻanuʻu ma lalo o ka maka kiaʻi o kona makuahine. Akā wale nō ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki ua ukuhi ʻia ia mai ka waiū umauma. A makemake ʻo ia i ʻeono mau mahina e lilo i mea kūʻokoʻa a noho kaʻawale mai kona makuahine.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka panda nunui, koe wale nō nā kānaka. ʻO ka pena ʻokoʻa o ka behe ʻohe i hoʻomākeʻaka iā ia. Pipiʻi kona hulu ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele. Makemake lākou e hopu i kēia mau pilikua nani no nā zoo. Hoihoi lākou i nā malihini kipa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO Giana panda kahi ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau ʻole i helu ʻia i ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula... ʻAʻohe paʻakikī o 2,000 o lākou i ka nāhelehele.
I kēia lā ua helu ʻia lākou āpau. A aia kekahi mau manawa, keu hoʻi i nā makahiki o ka Cultural Revolution, i ka wā i curtailed ʻia ai nā papahana mālama āpau no kēia holoholona laha ʻole a kī ʻole ʻia nā panda nunui no ka pono o ka hulu waiwai.
Ua ʻike wale ke kanaka i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 21 a ua hana ikaika i ka mālama ʻana i ka bea ʻohe. I Kina, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi make no kāna pepehi kanaka ʻana, ke hana ʻia nei nā mālama. Akā ʻo ka pilikia ua ʻike ʻia ka panda nunui no kāna hana moekolohe haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hana maikaʻi ʻole ʻana i ka pio. ʻO kēlā me kēia pilikua panda hānau i ka zoo e lilo i hōkū.
Hoihoi ia! I Kina, hoʻolaha ʻia ka bea ʻohe i waiwai waiwai aupuni. A no laila kahi mahiʻai kūloko nāna i kī i kahi panda nunui ma 1995 i loaʻa ka hoʻopaʻi ola.
I kēia manawa, loaʻa nā panda nunui i nā zoo ma Shanghai, Taipei, San Diego, Atlanta, Memphis, Vienna, Kōlea Hema a me ka US National Zoo.
