ʻO ka mea hiamoe Amur, a i ʻole Amur hiamoe, a i ʻole ʻo Herb, a i ʻole ke ahi ahi (Perssottus glienii) kahi ʻano iʻa i uhi ʻia me ke ʻohana no nā ʻohana o nā lāʻau, a ʻo ia wale nō ka mea nona ka wahie (Perssotus). I loko o nā puke, loaʻa pinepine ʻia kahi inoa kikoʻī Latin hewa: glehni a glenhi paha. ʻO ka inoa o ka genus - hewa pū kekahi ʻo Percottus.
Ka wehewehe o rotan
Mai ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia i hala, ma waena o nā aquarist haole a me nā home, ua hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia ka rotan e kapa ʻia ʻo Amur goby, ma muli o ke ʻano maoli o kahi iʻa.
Helehelena
ʻO ka Rotans, a i ʻole nā mea kanu mauʻu, he kino lahilahi a pōkole hoʻi, i uhi ʻia me nā unahi puʻupuʻu a me nā kaulike.... Hoʻohanohano ʻia ke ahi ahi ahi e kahi ʻano loli, akā naʻe, ua nui ke kani ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka brownish-brownish, me ke ʻano maopopo o ke kiko o nā kiko liʻiliʻi a me nā kaha o ke ʻano kūlike ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohuʻu ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he nondescript hina hina. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo, loaʻa i nā rotans kahi ʻano ʻeleʻele ʻano. Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o kahi iʻa mākua i ke ʻano kumu o ka nohona, akā ma kahi o 14-25 cm. ʻO ke kaupaona o ka iʻa makua makua he 480-500 gram.
Nui aʻe ke poʻo o nā rotan, me ka waha nui, noho me nā niho liʻiliʻi a ʻoi, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani he nui. ʻO nā uhi o nā iʻa i loaʻa i kahi kuamoʻo i kuhikuhi ʻia i hope, ke ʻano o nā iʻa like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka mea hiamoe ʻo Amur ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi iwi kuamoʻo a me nā lau palupalu me ka ʻole o ke kākalaioa.
Hoihoi ia! I loko o kahi waihona wai one, ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā kala o nā Amur e hiamoe ana ma mua o ka poʻe e noho ana i nā wai pohopoho. I ka manawa o ka spawning, ma kahi o Mei-Iulai, huli ke kāne i kahi kala ʻeleʻele hanohano, ʻoiai ka wahine, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, loaʻa nā pale māmā.
Aia kekahi mau lua o nā lau i ka mahele dorsal, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hope hope. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano e kahi fin anal pōkole a me nā ʻāpana pectoral nui i hoʻopuni ʻia. Ua poepoe ʻia ka huelo o ka iʻa. Ma ke ʻano laulā, he like loa ko Amur hiamoe me nā lunamaka o nā iʻa goby maʻamau, akā he mau kohu pelvic liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka lua ʻole.
Ka hana a me ka nohona
ʻAʻole hiki i ka Rotans ke ola ke paʻa loa, akā i ka wā e paʻa ai ka wai, ma muli o ka glucose a me ka glycerin, i hūnā ʻia e nā iʻa, piʻi nui ka paʻakai o nā paʻakai a me nā wai, nā mea e hōʻemi nui ai ka mahana crystallization. No laila, ma hope koke o ka wai o ka wai, hiki i nā rotans ke hoʻi maʻalahi i kā lākou hana maʻamau.
Makemake ʻo Peressottus glienii i nā kino kū ʻole o ka wai, nā loko a me nā wahi kai... ʻAʻole kūpono ka iʻa o kēia ʻano i nā kūlana kūwaho, e like me ka hemahema o ka oxygen, akā hoʻāʻo lākou e hōʻalo i nā waihona wai me ke kahe wikiwiki a kaulike paha. ʻO ka lunamakaʻāinana wale nō o ka genus o nā ahi e noho ana i nā loko iʻa, i loaʻa i loko o nā loko wai liʻiliʻi, ulu ʻia a pohopoho, a me nā kahawai muliwai.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki i nā Rotans ke pale maʻalahi i ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā kino o ka wai a hoʻopau i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai i lalo i ka hoʻoilo, a ola pono hoʻi i loko o ka wai haumia.
He iʻa kūmau, ʻimi ʻimi pū ia me nā mea hoʻohālua hoʻohālua ʻē aʻe - e peʻe ana i nā mānoanoa ma lalo o ka wai. I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei o Kēkēmapa, hoʻokumu ʻia nā iʻa i loko o nā lua pele, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka lehulehu hau-hau. I kēia kūlana o ka helu o ka numbness, hibernate ka iʻa a hiki i ka puna. I nā waihona wai kokoke i Moscow, nā firemands ahi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, mai hibernate.
Wā ola
ʻO ke ola maʻamau o ka Amur hiamoe ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa ma waena o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki, akā he hapa nui o kēlā me kēia kanaka e noho nei ma kahi o 8-10 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
I ka mua, nā ipu o ka muliwai Amur, a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Lūkia, nā ʻĀkau ʻĀkau o Kōlea ʻĀkau, a me nā ʻĀkau hikina o Kina i noho ma kahi o ka muliwai ʻo Amur. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia lunamakaʻāinana wale nō o ka genus wahie i ke kenekulia i hala i ke kīʻaha o Lake Baikal i manaʻo ʻia e nā ʻepekema he nui ma muli o ka haumia o nā meaola.
Hoihoi ia! I kēia lā ke kaulana nei ka rotan i nā kīʻaha o ia mau muliwai e like me Volga a me Dnieper, Don a me Dniester, Danube a me Irtysh, Ural a me Styr, a me ka Ob, kahi e makemake ai kēia iʻa i nā kino wai kūlia a me nā kahawai.
I ka hoʻomaka mua o ke kenekulia iwakālua, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā rotan i loko o nā waihona wai o St. Petersburg, akā ma hope ua palahalaha koke aku ma nā wahi āpau ma Northern Eurasia a me Rūsia, a me nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa. I nā waihona me nā kaiāulu iʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia a me ka nui o nā ʻano predatory, ʻaʻohe waiwai kumuwaiwai manuahi. I loko o ia mau kino wai, noho haʻahaʻa ka Amur hiamoe kokoke i ka palena kai, i nā mea kanu, no laila, ʻaʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole e ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ichthyofauna.
Meaʻai, meaʻai pono
ʻO nā Rotans he poʻe predatory wai... Inā hoʻohana mua ʻia ka fry no ka hānai ʻana i ka zooplankton, a laila ma hope o kekahi manawa ua lawelawe nā invertebrates liʻiliʻi a me nā benthos i meaʻai na ka iʻa. ʻAi ikaika nā mākua i nā ʻano iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā lepe a me nā newts, a me nā tadpoles. Hiki i nā Bigheads ke hānai i ka caviar o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe a hiki i ke kino make. He maka maikaʻi loa ko ka laha, ma muli o kahi e ʻike ai i kāna mea pio mai kahi mamao aku, a ma hope o ka mālie, "hoʻokokoke" ke hoʻokokoke ʻana i ka mea i hoʻomāinoino ʻia, e hana ana i kahi manawa wale nō me kāna mau pelvic fin. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea hiamoe hiamoe lohi a mālie hoʻi, a ʻike ʻia ka iʻa e ke akamai, e ʻae ai iā ia e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi ʻole i nā hanana paʻakikī.
Hoihoi ia! Ma waena o ka rotan, ua pālahalaha nui ʻia ka cannibalism ma ke ʻano o ka iʻa nui e ʻai ana i nā mea liʻiliʻi o kāna ʻano, no ka mea ua ale ʻia ka maunu i ka lawaiʻa ʻana.
I nā waihona wai liʻiliʻi, ua lilo ka mea hiamoe Amur i lilo i lehulehu loa, no laila, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau a maʻalahi hoʻi i kahi kokoke i nā ʻelele āpau o nā iʻa non-predatory ʻē aʻe. Nui ʻino nā Rotans a ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike i ka meaʻai. Ke piha pono ka iʻa, lilo ia i ʻekolu mau manawa mānoanoa ma mua o kona kūlana maʻamau. Hele koke nā rotan saturated i lalo, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke noho a ʻekolu mau lā, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻōla pono i ka meaʻai.
Ka hana hou ʻana o rotan
Ua hōʻea nā kapuahi ahi Rotan i ke kūlana piha o ka moekolohe ma kahi o ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ke ola. Hoʻomaka ka wā hana manuahi mai Mei a Iulai. ʻO ka wahine awelika o kahi lunamakaʻāinana wale nō o ka genus o firebrands hiki ke kahili a i hoʻokahi tausani hua. Ma ka pae spawning, ʻaʻole hoʻohuli wale nā kāne i kahi ʻeleʻele ʻano, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ʻano ulu e ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao mua. ʻO nā Wahine o Perssotus glienii, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i ʻike ʻia e kahi kukui, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i ka wā o ka spawning, ma muli o ka ʻike maopopo ʻia o nā kānaka makua i nā wai kūpikipiki.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā hua hua Rotan e ko lākou ʻano oblong a me ko lākou kala melemele. He pae ko kēlā me kēia hua manu, kahi e paʻa ai ka ikaika a hilinaʻi hoʻi ma ka moena. Ma muli o ke kau manuahi ʻana o nā hua manu a holoi mau ʻia e ka wai, hoʻonui nui ʻia nā ʻōuli o ke ola. Kiaʻi mau ʻia nā hua manu āpau e ka wahine e ke kāne, ka mea mākaukau e pale aku i kāna keiki a hoʻomalu hoʻomalu iā ia mai nā mea neʻe wai ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, inā hiki i nā rotans ke pale kūleʻa iā lākou iho mai nā wahi komo o ka verkhovka a i ʻole ka ruff, a laila me kahi perch e like me ka predator aquatic loaʻa ʻole kūlike a lilo pinepine.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lū o Amur e hiamoe nui mai nā hua manu, pinepine ʻia ke keiki e ke kāne ponoʻī - he ʻano paio kēia o nā kānaka o nā makahiki like ʻole e ola ai. Hiki i nā wahie ke noho a i loko o ka wai paʻakai liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke kaʻina hana hānai i nā kino wai hou. He mea hoihoi loa ia e nānā i ke ola, a me ka hana hou a me nā ʻano o ka Amur hiamoe i nā ʻano aquarium. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano o ke ʻano predator maʻamau, kahi e peʻe ma waena o nā mea kanu a hoʻouka i kāna mea pio me ka wikiwiki uila.
Mea nui!ʻO nā kūlana kūpono loa no ka hana kope ʻana o kahi ʻelele wale nō o ka genus o firebrand ke kū nei o kahi hoʻomehana wela o ka wai ma kahi o 15-20 ° C.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe pinepine o Perssottus glienii ka Amur pike (Esokh reisherti), ka Amur catfish (Parsilurus asotus), ka Amur snakehead (Channa argus), a me nā mea kū i ka wai nui.
Waiwai kālepa
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaka nei ka ʻimi no nā ala kūpono e hōʻemi ai i ka heluna kanaka o ua mea hei wai lā.... I nā māla wai he nui, hana hewa nā rotans i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua manu a me ka luku ʻana i nā ʻōpio o kekahi iʻa waiwai nui.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona biolo kū hoʻokahi o ka mea hiamoe Amur i ʻae ʻia kahi ʻano like o ka genus o nā ahi ahi e lilo i ʻano weliweli weliweli loa, kahi i loko o kahi manawa pōkole e noho nei a ke hoʻomau nei hoʻi i ka hana nui i nā kino wai hou, kahi mamao loa hoʻi mai ka pae o ka mōʻaukala.
Nānā nā kumumea kākau i ke ʻano omnivorous o ka mea hiamoe ʻo Amur, kahi e hoʻopau ai i kahi nui o nā wai invertebrate wai e pili ana i nā hui āpau, akā hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā meaola neʻe. I loko o nā ʻōpū o kahi iʻa makua, hiki i kekahi ke nānā i ke kū ʻana o nā honu, nā hua, a me nā iʻa ʻōpio o nā ʻano like ʻole. I loko o nā kino wai kūlohelohe a me ka lehulehu me ka nui o ka lehulehu, ʻai nā iʻa predatory mākua i nā invertebrates terrestrial e hāʻule i ka wai. ʻAʻohe ʻike iki ʻia nā mea kanu mea kanu i loko o nā ʻōpū o ia iʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻono ʻono maikaʻi loa a me kahi pae kūpono o nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻike nui ʻia nā pōmaikaʻi o kaʻiʻo rotan no ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO nā waiwai kūpono o kēia iʻa ma muli o kahi vitamina kaulike a me nā minelala i haku ʻia, kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā huaora "PP", sulfur a me zinc, fluorine a me molybdenum, chlorine a me chromium, nickel.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Pili nā Rotans i ka mahele o nā iʻa weuweu, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe mai ka waihona wai a i ʻole e hōʻemi nui ana i ko lākou lehulehu. I kēia manawa aia ka heluna kanaka ma kahi pae kiʻekiʻe loa, no laila, nā ʻano hana me ka mea wale nō o ka genus o nā ahi ahi, kahi e hōʻeha nui ai i ka loko wai a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka loko, ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei. I ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea neʻe wai, ʻo Amur ka mea hiamoe, ma ke ʻano he rula, hoʻopau loa i nā iʻa e like me ka roach, dace a me ke ʻāpala kolio hoʻi.
Ua loaʻa i nā kānaka noiʻi kekahi mau hana olaola no ka kāohi ʻana i ka heluna lehulehu, e like me ka hemo ʻana i nā mea kanu pale, ka hei ʻana, a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hua i loko o nā wahi e hoʻouluulu maoli ana.
Mea nui!Pono e hoʻouka i nā ʻupena pale pale mesh kūikawā kūikawā i loko o nā iʻa iʻa.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi hana kemika e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ka heluna hiamoe o Amur, akā ʻo ke koho kūpono loa i kēia manawa ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano o nā ana maʻamau: ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ichthyocides, ka mālama ʻana i nā kino wai e pili ana me ka wai quicklime a me ka amonia, ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā mea kanu wai, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā moena loko no ka hoʻokahe wai piha. ...
Me ka lawa kūpono ʻole o nā ʻano meaʻai ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā mea nui a maikaʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia o ka Amur sleeper e ʻai i nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi loa o kā lākou laha e like me ka hiki. Pēlā nō e mālama ʻia ai ka nui o ka lehulehu o ka Peressotus glienii i nā hōʻailona kūpaʻa.
