Ua loaʻa i nā stiger Razini ko lākou inoa luna, i like ke ʻano me ka inoa kapakapa no ka mea no ka nuku hāmama mau. Hoʻohui ka nuku pololei i ka nuku ʻūlū wale ma ka hopena / hoʻomaka, a ma ke kiko waena ua hakahaka ka hakahaka ma waena o lākou i 0.6 cm.
Ka wehewehe o nā kikina
Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano Anastomus e nā ʻano ʻelua - Anastomus lamelligerus (ʻApelika razin ʻApelika) a me Anastomus oscitans (ʻāpapa razin India), kahi i kapa ʻia he gongal. Hiki ke nānā i nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou i ka wahi a me ka waho.
Helehelena
Kūpilikiʻi ke kūpaka me nā manu ʻē aʻe ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae lōʻihi ʻulaʻula a me nā nuku elongated ikaika.... ʻAʻole paʻi ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i ka helehelena (ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne), akā hōʻike ia iā ia iho i ka manawa o ka male ʻana o ka moena. ʻO nā ʻano Anastomus ʻelua he nui waena, e kīʻaha ana 3-5 kg me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 0.8-0.9 m a me kahi 1.5-mika ka lōʻihi o nā ʻeheu ākea.
Mea nui! ʻOkoʻa ka stork Razin ʻApelika mai ka ʻInia i loko o nā plumage ʻeleʻele (ʻane ʻane ʻeleʻele), e hōʻike ana i nā ʻōniʻoniʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula.
Pākuʻi ʻia ka stork India i nā kala māmā (mai keʻokeʻo a i ke kālā), hoʻohālikelike me ka plumage ʻeleʻele ma ka huelo / ʻēheu a me ka nuku melemele-hina. Ua poepoe ka huelo a pōkole hoʻi, ʻaneʻane ʻōlohelohe nā lālā (ʻo ka hulu wale nō ma luna), ʻaʻohe membrane o nā manamana lōʻihi. Maʻalahi ke loaʻa nā gongals ʻōpio e ko lākou hulu ʻeleʻele, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā manu makua.
Auila
ʻO kēia nā manu pili kaiaulu, maʻa i ka noho ʻana i nā kolone ʻaʻole wale me nā ʻūhaka ʻē aʻe, akā, me nā moa wai like ʻole, e laʻa me nā herons. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaiāulu manu nui i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻenemi, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai nā moa. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, kūkulu nā ʻūhū i nā pūnana i nā kumulāʻau i ka mānoanoa o ka ululāʻau, akā kokoke i ke kahakai.
ʻO ka kolone o nā stiger razin a hiki i 150 mau mū mū, kūkulu ʻia ma luna o nā papa kiʻekiʻe i hiki i nā manu aloha ke noho ma lalo. Hāʻawi ka hakakā ʻole i nā pilina hoalauna maikaʻi: ʻaʻole komo nā stork i loko o nā squabble intra-ʻohana a mai hakakā me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Noho kokoke ʻo Stiger i ke kolone, e lele ana ma kahi o 1-1.5 km mai ona aku e ʻimi wale i ka meaʻai. Lele wikiwiki lākou, paulele ʻoiaʻiʻo i ko lākou mau ʻeheu a hoʻololi i ke kīkaha inā hoʻopaneʻe ka noho ʻana i ka lewa.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole makemake nā stiger i nā hakahaka kahi e loaʻa ai nā ea ea ikaika - no kēia kumu ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike ʻia e lele ana ma luna o ke kai.
ʻO kahi ʻano o ke kamaʻilio ʻana no nā kikina razin kahi kūkaʻa ʻokoʻa o ko lākou nuku. ʻO kā lākou mau moa wale nō e hoʻohana i kahi leo: e hōʻike nei i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole lākou a meo paha e like me nā pōpoki.
Wā ola
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kikonia e hoʻoholo ʻia e kāna ʻano a me nā kūlana o ke ola.... ʻAʻole loli ke ʻano maʻamau - i ka paʻa pio ʻana, ola ʻelua mau manu i ka lōʻihi o nā kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻOiai i ko lākou wahi noho maʻamau, ʻaʻole ola iki nā moʻo o Razini a hiki i 18-20 mau makahiki, i loko o nā zoo ka palena palena palena he 40-45 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā ʻano ʻelua o nā kikina razin ma kahi o ka wai. Uhi ka laulā o nā India i nā wahi tropical o Asia Hema a me ʻAsia Hikina Hema, me nā ʻāina e like me:
- ʻĀnia a me Nepal;
- Tailani;
- Banagaladesa;
- Pakitana;
- Sililanaka;
- Kemupodia a me Myanmar;
- ʻO Laos a me Vietnam.
Koho ʻo Gongal i nā wahi wai, me nā kahawai i hoʻopiha ʻia (kahi e ulu ai ka laiki), nā pāpaʻu pāpaʻu a me nā loko kai paheʻe me ka mānoanoa o ka wai o 10-50 knm. Aia mau ia mau wahi i kahe ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.4-1, 1 km ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
Mea nui! Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kikonia ʻAmelika ʻApelika i ʻelua ʻāpana, i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia.
Noho ʻo Anastomus lamelligerus lamelligerus ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika - ma ka hema o ka Sahara a me ka ʻākau o ka Tropic Hema. ʻO nā lālā ʻoluʻolu ʻoi loa (Anastomus lamelligerus madagaskarensis) nā pūnana i ke komohana o Madagascar. ʻOi aku ka stork ʻApelika Razin i nā wahi tropical me nā kahawai, nā kahawai a me nā loko, nā wahi kahe a me nā savannah wet. ʻO nā ʻalalā e like me nā nāhelehele me ka mauʻu pōkole, akā makemake ʻole i nā ʻohe a me nā nāhelehele. Eia kekahi, hoʻāʻo nā ʻano Anastomus ʻelua e noho i kahi noho kanaka.
ʻO kaʻai stork Razin
I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, holoholo nā manu i ka lihi o ka wai a i ʻole ka palau ʻana i ka wai pāpaʻu, me ka pale ʻana i ka wai hohonu, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻau. ʻAʻole like me ka herona, ka mea e alualu ai i kāna mea pio ma ke ʻano neʻe ʻole, koi ʻia ka stork e hele ma ka wahi hānai. I ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea kūpono, hoʻolei koke ka manu i kona ʻāʻī i mua, paʻi iā ia me kona nuku a moni koke. Inā hoʻāʻo ka mea i hōʻino ʻia e pakele, alualu ke kikonia iā ia, e hopu ana me kona nuku lōʻihi.
ʻO ka papaʻai gongal kahi e kolo ana a me nā holoholona ʻauʻau:
- nahenahe a me nā pāpaʻi;
- pūpū;
- ilo o ka wai;
- rana;
- nahesa a me na moo;
- iʻa;
- nā mea kolo.
Hoʻopau ke gongal i ka mea pio a pau, e hana ana i kahi ʻokoʻa no ka pāpaʻi: haki ka manu i kona pūpū me nā auwaha ikaika e kiʻi i ka pulp ono mai laila mai. ʻAneʻane like nā ʻano like me ka nui (aquatic a terrestrial) i hāʻule ma ka papa o ka ʻāpapa Razini ʻApelika.
- ampullaria (nā hake wai nui hou);
- gastropods;
- bivalve;
- pāpaʻi a me nā iʻa;
- rana;
- ilo o ka wai;
- nā mea kolo.
Hoihoi ia! He hoaaloha pinepine ka stork ʻApelika me ka hippos, kahi mea maʻalahi iā ia e loaʻa i ka meaʻai, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka lepo kahakai me kā lākou mau wāwae nui.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻAʻohe o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, kahi e mahalo ai nā manu i ko lākou nuku ikaika a me ka hana hoʻohanohano. ʻAʻole makaʻu nā manu lele i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā kaʻi nui a ikaika.
Hoʻopakele ʻia nā moʻo razin mai nā mea hōkai honua e nā pūnana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma luna o nā lāʻau, kahi e hiki ai i nā pōpoki hihiu nui ke hele aʻe. ʻO ka mea pale ʻole i mua o lākou ka hihiu makua ʻole e like me kā lākou mau keiki moa, i ʻimi ʻia a me kekahi ʻano weasel.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO nā pāʻani mānoanoa o nā stiger razin ka hope mai Iune a Kekemapa, a hōʻea i kahi climax i ka wā monsoon, i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui o ka ua.... Kūpono nā stiger i ka monogamy a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻohana polygamous. I ka wā o ka noho aloha ʻana, loaʻa i nā kāne ke ʻano kūpikipiki ʻole ʻole na lākou, koho i kekahi wahi, kiaʻi i ko lākou pūnana, a me ka hōʻino mau i nā mea hoʻokūkū. Pili kekahi hana ʻokoʻa i nā wahine.
Hoʻopiʻi i ka wahine mare, hana ʻē ke kāne kāne ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku a me ka mea kūkulu hale - hōʻike ʻo ia iā ia i nā pūnana i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a me nā juggles deftly me nā mea i loaʻa. ʻO ka mea lanakila ka heva, ka mea i hōʻike i ka hale ʻoluʻolu loa a me nā mākau kūkulu hale. Noho mau kekahi mau stiger ma kahi pūnaewele, kahi pili like i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana, ka pale ʻana i nā paʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pua.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻolako ʻia ʻo Polygyny i nā stiger i ke ola ʻana o ka genus ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa a ua hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi i ka hānau ʻana, mālama ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i nā moa. I nā gongal, loaʻa pū kekahi polyandry, ke lilo ke kāne i kolu o nā lālā o kahi male monogamous a i ʻole lawe i kahi o kāna wahine ma mua.
I ka huhū o ke aloha, lele ʻūlū nā pālua (ʻo ka maʻamau maʻamau lele kekahi o nā manu i luna), a laila noho pū ma kahi lālā e hoʻomaha ai. I loko o ke kuko, hiki iā lākou ke huhū koke a kuʻi i kā lākou hoa me ko lākou nuku. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā Gongals e kūkulu i kahi pūnana (mai ka mauʻu, nā kumu, nā lau a me nā lālā) ma hope o ka moekolohe maikaʻi ʻana, a hāʻule ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea kūkulu hale ma nā poʻohiwi o ka makuakāne o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Me ka puʻunaue ʻana i nā kuleana, mālama ka wahine i ko lākou ikaika a mālama i ka momona e pono ai lākou ke hatching keiki. I ka paʻa, ma ke ʻano he rula, mai 2 a 6 mau hua, i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā mākua ʻelua: ka wahine - i ka pō, a me ke kāne - i ke ao. Hānau makapō nā ʻōpala, akā ʻike lākou i ko lākou maka ma hope o kekahi mau hola. Uhi ʻia nā keiki hānau hou i lalo, kahi i hoʻololi ʻia e nā kula kiʻekiʻe ma hope o hoʻokahi pule.
Hoʻāʻo ʻo stiger e ala i ko lākou wāwae ma hope o kekahi mau pule ʻelua: haku lākou i kēia mākau no nā lā he ʻumi, a laila hoʻopaʻa paʻa lākou i nā wāwae lōʻihi. ʻO ka makahiki heʻumi aʻe e hele i luna e hoʻokū i ka kū hoʻokahi wāwae. Hānai nā mākua ʻelua i ka pua aloha, lele ʻokoʻa no ka meaʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hana a ka makuakāne me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka pūnana, kahi e luku ʻia e nā keiki ulu. Ua hala nā lā 70 a haʻalele ka ʻōpio i kā lākou pūnana manu. E hoʻomaka nā ʻōhua ʻōpio e hana i kā lākou mau hui ponoʻī ma mua o ka huli ʻana i 2 mau makahiki, akā pinepine i nā makahiki he 3-4.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO ka pahu kik Razinya, ʻo ia kekahi o nā loulou i ke ʻano o ka kaulahao meaʻai o nā ʻāina pulu, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea nui o kēia mau kaiaola. ʻO kahi laʻana, hana nā ʻūlū razini ʻĀsia i nā feces waiwai i ka phosphor a me ka nitrogen, e hana nei ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomomona maikaʻi loa no nā mea ulu a pau. Hoʻohui, hoʻopakele kēia ʻano o ka stork i ka hua laiki ma o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā nīʻau wai e parasitize i nā pā laiki. Ke luku ʻia nei nā gongals e nā mea ʻai holoholona e ʻohi ana i kā lākou mau hua / ʻiʻo a kūʻai aku i kēia mau mea ʻono ma nā kumukūʻai kupaianaha i nā mākeke kūloko.
Mea nui! I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua emi ka heluna kanaka o ka huhū Razini e noho ana ma Madagascar (nā ʻāpana "A.l. madagascariensis"). ʻO nā lawehala ka poʻe kamaʻāina e luku nei i nā kolone manu.
Ua ʻike ʻia ke kikonia ʻAmelika ʻApelika (e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature) ma ke ʻano he ʻano hopohopo liʻiliʻi. Pepehi ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau manu e nā pesticides e hoʻohaumia i nā wahi pūnana kuʻuna.... Maʻalahi nā hana mālama no nā stork razin - pono e hoʻolako i nā manu me nā wahi pūnana kūpono a me nā wahi mahiʻai ākea (nā kula / loko.
