ʻO ka stork ʻeleʻele (Ciconia nigra) kahi manu laha ʻole i ka ʻohana Stork a me ke kaʻina Stork. Mai nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe, ʻokoʻa kēia mau manu i ka pena maoli o ka plumage.
Ka wehewehe o ke kikonia
ʻO ka ʻāpana luna o ke kino i ke ʻano o ka hulu ʻeleʻele me nā kinona ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka momona.... I ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino, hōʻike ʻia ke kala o nā hulu i keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi manu makua he nui a mahalo i ka nui. ʻO ka awelika ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi stork ʻeleʻele he 1.0-1.1 m me ke kaumaha o ke kino o 2.8-3.0 kg. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka ʻūheu o ka manu ma waena o 1.50-1.55 m.
He wīwī ka wīwī a nani hoʻi ka manu, he ʻāʻī lokomaikaʻi a me ka nuku lōʻihi. ʻUlaʻula ka nuku o ka manu a me nā wāwae. Ma ka umauma he mānoanoa a huluhulu e huluhulu a like ʻole me ke kola huluhulu. ʻO nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka "dumbness" o nā stiger ʻeleʻele ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o syrinx ka mea ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka hāmau o kēia ʻano ma mua o nā ʻeke keʻokeʻo.
Hoihoi ia! Loaʻa nā inoa o nā stiger ʻeleʻele i ke kala o kā lākou plumage, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o nā hulu o kēia manu i ʻoi aku ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo-poni i nā kala ma mua o ke kala resin.
Kāhiko ʻia ka maka me nā ʻōkuhi ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka wahine wahine mai nā kāne i ko lākou helehelena. ʻO ke ʻano o ka manu ʻōpio kahi ʻano nui, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka wahi a puni nā maka, a me kahi plumage i mae. He ʻōlapa a me nā plumage nā ʻōuli ʻeleʻele. Hana ʻia ka molting i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e hoʻomaka ana i Pepeluali a pau me ka hoʻomaka o Mei-Iune.
Eia nō naʻe, he manu hūnā a akahele hoʻi kēia, no laila ke aʻo pono ʻole ʻia nei ke ala o ke ola o ka ʻeleʻele. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, e like me ka ʻike o ke kani ʻana, hiki i ka ʻūhulu ʻeleʻele ke ola a ʻumikūmāwalu makahiki. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ka palapala, a ʻo ke ola ʻana he 31 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā ʻūlūʻeleʻele i nā wahi ulu lāʻau o nā ʻāina o Eurasia. I ko mākou ʻāina, hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau manu i nā panalāʻau mai ka Hikina Hikina a i ke kai ʻo Baletika. Noho kekahi mau heluna o ka stork ʻeleʻele i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Lūkia, nā wahi ululāʻau o Dagestan a me ka Teritori Stavropol.
Hoihoi ia!Kuhi ʻia kahi helu liʻiliʻi loa ma ka Teritori Primorsky. Noho nā manu i ka wā hoʻoilo o ka makahiki ma ka hema o ʻAsia. Noho ka heluna kanaka o ka stork ʻeleʻele i ʻApelika Hema. Wahi a nā mea i ʻike ʻia, i kēia manawa ʻo ka heluna nui o nā stiger ʻeleʻele e noho nei ma Belarus, akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo neʻe i ʻApelika.
Ke koho ʻana i kahi nohona, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā wahi paakiki e hiki aku ai, i hōʻike ʻia e nā ululāʻau hohonu a kahiko me nā wahi pohō a me nā pāpū, nā kapuaʻi kokoke i nā kino wai, nā loko nahele, nā muliwai a i ʻole nā poho. ʻAʻole like me nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe o ka Stiger order, ʻaʻole kū nā ʻūlūʻeleʻele i kahi kokoke i nā hale kanaka.
ʻAiʻai stork ʻeleʻele
ʻAi pinepine kahi hika ʻeleʻele makua i ka iʻa a hoʻohana pū i nā vertebrates wai liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates i meaʻai.... ʻAi ka manu i ka wai pāpaʻu a me nā wahi kai i hālana ʻia, a me nā wahi kokoke i nā kino wai. I loko o ka wā hoʻoilo, i ka hoʻohui o nā hānai i helu ʻia, hiki i ka ʻūhulu ʻeleʻele ke hānai i nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā kolo nui nui. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke ʻai nā manu makua i nā moʻo, nā moʻo a me nā mollusks.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
No nā wae manu ʻeleʻele i ka mahele o nā manu monogamous, a hoʻomaka ka manawa o ke komo ʻana i ka manawa o ka hana hou hana i ʻekolu mau makahiki.... Hoʻokū kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Stork i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, e hoʻohana nei no kēia kumu i ka piko o ka lei o nā lāʻau kahiko a lōʻihi paha a i ʻole nā pā pōhaku.
I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa nā pūnana o kēia mau manu i nā kuahiwi, aia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000-2200 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Nui ka pūnana, hana ʻia me nā lālā mānoanoa a me nā lālā lāʻau, e paʻa pū ʻia e ka pua, ka honua a me ka pālolo.
Hiki i kahi pūnana stork kūpaʻa loa a paʻa mau i nā makahiki he nui, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nā hanauna manu. Hōʻea ʻo Storks i ko lākou wahi pūnana i nā makahiki he 10 i hala o Malaki a i ʻole i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila Kāhea nā kāne i kēia wā i nā wahine i ka pūnana, e hoʻonui ana i kā lākou keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā ʻāpana hoarse. I ka paʻa, hoʻoulu ʻia e nā mākua ʻelua, aia he 4-7 mau hua nui.
Hoihoi ia! No ʻelua mau mahina, hānai wale ʻia nā keiki moa o ka hika ʻeleʻele e ko lākou mau mākua, ka poʻe nāna e hoʻopuka hou i ka meaʻai na lākou ma kahi o ʻelima mau manawa i ka lā.
Hoʻokahi paha mahina ka loiloi ʻana, a hala mau nā lā o ka hatching o nā moa. He keʻokeʻo a he hina hina paha ka pīpī huluhulu, me kahi kala ʻalani ma ke kumu o ka nuku. ʻO ka piko o ka nuku he ʻōmaʻomaʻo-melemele i ke kala. No nā lā he ʻumi i hala, moe ka moa i loko o ka pūnana, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e noho mālie. I ka makahiki wale nō o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa, ua hiki i nā manu ulu a hoʻoikaika hoʻi ke kū me ka wiwo ʻole i ko lākou mau wāwae.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻAʻohe o nā ʻenemi hulu manu ka ʻāpōʻele i hoʻoweliweli aku i ka laha, akā hiki i ka moa kani a me kekahi mau manu lele e ʻaihue i nā hua manu mai ka pūnana mai. ʻO nā keikikāne e waiho i ka pūnana i kakahiaka nui e luku ʻia e nā mea ʻehā wāwae ʻehā, e like me ka ʻalopeke a me ka ʻīlio hae, ka ʻīlio ʻino a me ka ʻīlio koa. Pēlā kahi manu manuahi a me nā mea ʻimi holoholona e luku ʻia a lawa ka nui.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I kēia manawa, helu ʻia nā stiger ʻeleʻele i ka Red Book i nā panalāʻau e like me Russia a me Belarus, Bulgaria, Tajikistan a me Uzbekistan, Ukraine a me Kazakhstan. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka manu ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka Red Book o Mordovia, a me nā moku ʻo Volgograd, Saratov a me ʻIvovo.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke ola pono o kēia laha pili pono i nā kumu e like me ka palekana a me ke kūlana o nā biotopes pūnana.... Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka heluna lehulehu o ka stork ʻeleʻele e ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui o ka waihona meaʻai, a me ka hoʻoneoneo ʻana i nā wahi ulu lāʻau i kūpono no ka noho ʻana o ia mau manu Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma ka moku ʻo Kaliningrad a me nā ʻāina ʻo Baletika, ua hana ʻia nā hana koʻikoʻi loa e pale aku ai i nā wahi noho o ka hine ʻeleʻele.
