ʻAʻole hiki i nā māmela nui nui ke noho i ka ʻāina ke hōʻala i ka hoihoi i nā kānaka. Aia nō he mau mea pohihihi i ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona, nona ka lolo a hiki i 6 kilokilo, a ʻo ka awelika o ke ola e like me ke kanaka - 70 makahiki. Noho aliʻi ʻo Matriarchy i ke aupuni ʻelepani, noho iki ʻole nā kāne ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā wahine, hāpai ka wā hānau o nā makuahine hāpai i kahi manawa lōʻihi, a hānai ʻia nā pēpē ʻelepani "e ka honua holoʻokoʻa."
Nā ʻano pōkole o nā ʻelepani
Mai ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻomālamalama ʻia kēia mau holoholona e hoʻohana i ko lākou ikaika a me ko lākou mana, ua lilo lākou i poʻe i loko o nā kaua nui a me nā huakaʻi lōʻihi.... Ua ala aʻe ka hoihoi o ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia mau pilikua e ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo iā lākou iho i ke aniani kilohi, e hoʻolohe a hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi ʻaʻole wale i nā wahi a me nā hanana, akā i nā mele nō hoʻi, a me ka hoʻoholo like ʻana. ʻAʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā holoholona, ʻike ʻole nā ʻelepa i kā lākou ʻohana wale nō, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale lōʻihi ʻana.
Hōʻike pū kekahi lākou i nā manaʻo kūikawā no ka poʻe make. Kū lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā koena a hoʻolōʻihi i kekahi manawa, pili pinepine i nā iwi o ka iwi iwi me ka piko o ke kumu, me he mea lā e ʻike ana i ke kino. Nui a hewahewa nā mea pohihihi i ka honua o nā ʻelepani.
Me ka lōʻihi o 5 a 8 mau mika, hiki i ka ulu ʻana o kēia holoholona ke 3 a ʻoi paha mau mika, a ʻo kona kaumaha he 5 a 7 mau tona. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā elepani ʻApelika ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa ʻĀsia. Ua lei aliʻi ʻia ke kino nui me ke poʻo nui like like me kahi kumu lōʻihi - kahi lālā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ihu kuʻi a me ka lehelehe luna.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO kēia ʻōnaehana kahi ʻōnaehana ikaika o nā mākala a me nā uaua, mahalo i nā holoholona i haki i nā kumulāʻau o ke kenekulia, hoʻololi maʻalahi i nā paukū mai kahi a kahi, akā hiki nō iā lākou ke kūpaka i ka hana hoʻonaninani.
Kōkua ka pahu i ka pale aku i nā hoʻouka kaua, e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai, me ke kōkua ʻana o nā ʻelepani i kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana i nā lau mai nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole huki i nā ʻōpiopio, me ke kōkua o ke kumu, hoʻokomo ka ʻelepani i ka meaʻai i loko o kona waha, huki ʻana i ka wai i loko ona, ʻaʻole wale ka hoʻoinu iā ia iho, akā ninini pū nō hoʻi i loko o ka waha e inu. Hoʻopiha ʻia nā pepeiao nui loa me nā kīʻaha koko, kahi e kōkua ai e hōʻemi i ka mahana o ke kino i ka wā o ka wela e paʻa ana.
ʻAʻole uku ʻia nā maka maka maikaʻi o nā ʻelepani e ka lohe maikaʻi: no 100 km, lohe nā holoholona i ka hekili, "ke manaʻo nei" i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o nā ua. A pono ka neʻe mau o nā pepeiao i nā ʻelepani ʻaʻole wale no ka "hōʻoluʻolu" i ke kino, akā no ka kamaʻilio pū ʻana - me ko lākou mau pepeiao, aloha nā ʻelepani i ko lākou mau hoahānau, a hiki nō hoʻi iā lākou ke ao aku i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka ʻenemi. Hiki i nā Elepani ke hoʻoili a hoʻolohe i nā ʻoihana, e kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi ma kahi mamao loa.
ʻAʻole ia he mea laka ke kapa ʻia kēia mau holoholona he ʻili ʻili: ʻo ka manoanoa o ko lākou ʻili a hiki i 3 knm. Uhi ʻia ka ʻili paʻakikī, ʻāwī hoʻi me nā huluhulu ākea, a aia kekahi pūpū liʻiliʻi ma ka wēlau o ka huelo. ʻO nā wāwae e like me nā kolamu nui ma nā wāwae, he pale momona kūikawā hoʻi ma hope o nā manamana lima kuhikuhi i lalo, e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e puʻunaue like i ka paona ke hele a holo. ʻO ka pinepine, neʻe mālie kahi pūʻulu elepani i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai i ka wikiwiki o 6-8 km i kēlā me kēia hola, akā hiki nō hoʻi iā lākou ke holo me ka wikiwiki, ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i nā Elepani ke lele wale - no ke ʻano kūikawā o kā lākou mau wāwae.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hānau
Hiki i nā wahine ke oʻo i ka wahine i ka makahiki 7, akā ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo iki e lilo i makuahine i ka wā e hiki mai ana. I kekahi manawa pono e hala ka helu like o nā makahiki ma mua o ka mākaukau o ka ʻelepani e hānau keiki: ʻo ka poʻe wale nō i loaʻa i kekahi kaupaona, nā holoholona ikaika a olakino hoʻi e lilo i mau mākua.
Holo kaʻawale nā kāne a me nā wahine; i waena o nā ʻelepani, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i nā ipo o ka noho kaʻawale... Akā makemake nā ʻelepani wahine e hoʻolilo i ko lākou ola āpau i waena o kā lākou "hoa". Aia wale nō a mākaukau kahi elepani e lilo i makuahine i ke kaiāulu, ʻae ʻia ke kāne e hoʻokokoke iā ia. I nā hakakā hakakā no ka pono e noho me ka wahine, hiki i nā kāne ke kīnā, pepehi i ka hoa paio. I kēia manawa, hoʻoweliweli ka hana ʻino i nā ʻelepani.
ʻAʻole pau nā ʻalalā elepani ma laila. ʻAʻole wale ka manawa mākaukau no ka hāpai ʻana, akā ʻo ka wā hānau hoʻi, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke kāohi. Me kahi hui maikaʻi ʻole o nā kūlana, ka nele o ka meaʻai, kahi kulu nui o ka mahana, ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kūlana no ka ulu maʻamau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a me ke koʻikoʻi pinepine, hiki i ka hāpai mua ʻana i kahi elepani ma 15 a i ʻole 20 mau makahiki. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ʻaʻole hānau kēia mau holoholona.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana o ka ʻelepani?
Manaʻo ʻia aia ka hilinaʻi pololei o ka manawa o ka hāpai ʻana i kahi pēpē i ka nui o ka holoholona. Noho kahi elepani ʻApelika nui ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki i loko o ka ʻōpū o kona makuahine, ʻoiai ua hoʻokumu a mākaukau e hānau ʻia ma mua o 19 mau mahina. A hānai nā ʻelepani ʻĀnia (ʻĀkia) i nā pēpē 2 mau mahina ka liʻiliʻi. Akā he kū hoʻokahi kēlā me kēia hāpai ʻana.
Hoihoi ia!No ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o ka makuahine e hāpai ana a me kāna pēpē, akā ʻo ka makahiki, ka papaʻai, nā kūlana anilā, a me kahi o nā holoholona.
Hiki i ka wahine ke hāpai i ka manawa aʻe ma hope wale nō o ka hoʻihoʻi piha ʻana o ke kino, ma kahi o 4 - 5 mau makahiki, a ʻo kekahi manawa aku. Hānau kahi ʻelepa ma mua o 8 - 9 mau elepani i kona ola.
Makuahine, hānai keiki
Ke manaʻo nei i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele ka makuahine e kali nei i kāna pipi, hele pū me kahi ʻelepani kahiko, e hoʻokuʻu mālie iā ia iho mai ka ukana. Akā hiki ke hānau ʻia ma loko o ka pōʻai kahi e kū ai nā holoholona, mākaukau e pale i ka makuahine a me kāna keiki inā pilikia.
Hānau ʻia kahi ʻelepani elepani (ʻano liʻiliʻi loa nā māhoe) i hana piha ʻia, kaupaona a 100 kg, a ma ka liʻiliʻi he 1 mika ka lōʻihi. I loko o hoʻokahi hola, hiki i ka elepani pēpē ke kū ma kona mau wāwae a hāhai i ka pūʻā. Hānai ka pēpē i ka waiū o ka makuahine, hoʻopili iā ia iho i nā nipples o ka ʻelepani, aia ma waena o nā wāwae mua. A ke luhi i kahi huakaʻi lōʻihi, hoʻomaka ka pēpē e hoʻopā a hamo i kona mau wāwae hope, e koi ana e kū.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hānai ʻia ka elepani pēpē ʻaʻole wale e kona makuahine, akā i kekahi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ka waiū.... ʻOiai ka hierarchy ʻoʻoleʻa loa i ke kaiāulu elepani, mālama nui ʻia nā keiki i loko o laila, e mālama pono ana i kēlā me kēia me he mea ponoʻī lā na lākou. Alakaʻi ʻia ka ʻohana e ka wahine makua loa, ka wahine ʻike nui, nāna e alakaʻi i kēlā me kēia i kahi wahi hānai a i kahi lua wai, e hoʻoholo i ka wā e kū ai no kahi hoʻomaha a no ka pō.
ʻAʻole ʻae nā kāne i kahi hana i ka hānai ʻia ʻana o nā keiki, nā wahine nā hopohopo āpau. Ma ke ʻano he kūmau, mālama mau ka ʻelepa elepani i kona makuahine, hele pinepine, e paʻa ana i kāna huelo me kāna kumu. Akā inā pono, e mālama nā wahine ʻē aʻe iā ia - e hānai lākou, hōʻoluʻolu, kōkua i ka lanakila ʻana i nā ālai ma ke ala, a i ʻole pā ʻia paha lākou e like me ka hoʻopaʻi.
ʻIke i ka weliweli, hiki i nā ʻelepani ke holo wikiwiki. Akā ʻaʻole e haʻalele ka pipi i ko lākou mau kaikaina ʻōpio a me nā makuahine e kū nei. Hoʻopuni ʻia lākou e kahi pōʻai paʻa ʻaʻole hiki i kahi predator ke hōʻeha i nā pēpē ke hala. He kakaikahi nā ʻenemi o nā ʻelepani makua, ʻo ka mea nui o lākou nā kānaka.
Mea nui!ʻO ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka niho ʻelepani i lawe mai i kēia mau holoholona a kokoke pau loa i ka luku ʻia - pipiʻi loa nā pūlima, ʻoiai i kēia manawa, ke helu ʻia nā ʻelepani i loko o ka Red Book, ʻaʻole ia e kāohi i nā mea ʻai holoholona.
Hānai ʻia nā ʻelepani pēpē i ka pā o ka makuahine a hiki i ka makahiki 7-10. A hiki i 6 mau mahina, ʻai wale lākou i ka waiū, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e ʻono i nā meaʻai paʻa. Akā ʻo ka hānai ʻana me ka waiū e mau ana a i 2 mau makahiki. A laila hoʻololi loa ka hanauna ʻōpio i nā mea kanu mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻelepani liʻiliʻi loa, e like me nā keiki āpau, makemake e pāʻani, hele lepo, i kekahi manawa "uē" mai ka ʻeha a huhū paha paha, e mālama ʻia e nā ʻelepani - ʻōpio 3 - 11 mau makahiki.
Inā loaʻa ka pēpē i kahi pilikia, hāʻule i loko o kahi lua a i ʻole hihia i nā kumu waina, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea kokoke e pane i kāna kāhea. Ke hoʻopili nei i ka ʻelepani me nā pahu, hoʻopakele ʻia ia mai ka hei. Ke hoʻomau nei ka mālama ʻana i nā pēpē no kekahi mau makahiki a hiki i ko lākou aʻo ʻana e kū i nā pilikia ma o lākou iho.
Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o 10-12 mau makahiki, kipaku wale ʻia nā kāne mai ka ʻohana kau, ʻaʻole ʻae iā lākou e hāhai i nā wahine.... Hoʻomau pinepine lākou i kā lākou huakaʻi hoʻokahi. Noho nā wahine ʻōpio i ka ʻohana a hiki i ka wā ʻelemakule.
