ʻO ke albatross aloha kūʻokoʻa i aloha ʻia e nā haku mele a me nā aloha aloha. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia nā mele iā ia a manaʻoʻiʻo lākou i ka lani e pale i ka manu: e like me ka moʻolelo, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi lawehala albatross e hoʻopaʻi ʻia.
Wehewehe, helehelena o ka ʻaleme
ʻO kēia kai kai manu nui i ka ʻoka o nā ʻaila... Māhele ka International Union for Conservation of Nature i ka ʻohana albatross nui i 4 genera me 22 mau ʻano, akā ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia nei ka helu.
ʻO kekahi ʻano, ʻo kahi laʻana, nā albatross aliʻi a ʻauana hoʻi, ʻoi aku i nā manu ola āpau i nā ʻēheu (ma luna o 3.4 m).
Kūkulu ʻia ka plumage o nā mākua ma ka ʻokoʻa o ka pouli luna / ʻaoʻao i waho o nā ʻeheu a me ka umauma keʻokeʻo: hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe - keʻokeʻo hau, e like me nā kāne o ka ʻ albatross aliʻi. I nā holoholona ʻōpio, ʻikea ke kala hope loa o ka hulu ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki.
Pau ka nuku ikaika o ka ʻaleme i kahi nuku lou. Mahalo i nā puka ihu lōʻihi i hohola ʻia, ʻike nui ka manu i ka ʻala (ʻaʻole ʻano maʻamau o nā manu), ka mea "alakaʻi" iā ia i ka hope hope.
ʻAʻohe manamana wāwae o kēlā me kēia wāwae, akā aia ʻekolu manamana wāwae i mua e hui pū ʻia me nā membrane. ʻAe nā wāwae ikaika i nā albatross āpau e hele māmā ma ka ʻāina.
I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki i nā albatrosses ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao loa me ka hoʻāʻo iki ʻana, e hoʻohana ana i ka oblique a i ʻole ka lele nui ʻana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ko lākou mau ʻeheu i mea e hiki ai i ka manu ke lele i ka lewa no ka manawa lōʻihi, akā ʻaʻole ia e haku i kahi lele lele lōʻihi. Hana ka ʻāpana i kahi peʻa hana o kona mau ʻeheu i ka wā wale nō e haʻalele ai, e hilinaʻi nui nei i ka ikaika a me ka ʻaoʻao o ka makani.
Ke mālie, lele ka manu i luna o ka wai a hiki i ke kuhi mua o ka makani ke kōkua iā lākou. Ma nā ʻale kai, hoʻomaha wale lākou ma ke ala, akā hiamoe pū kekahi.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "albatross" mai ka ʻōlelo ʻAlapia al-ġaţţās ("diver"), ma ka ʻōlelo Pukiki i hoʻomaka e kani e like me alcatraz, a laila neʻe i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania a me Lūkia. Ma lalo o ka mana o ka Latin albus ("keʻokeʻo"), alcatraz a laila lilo i albatross. ʻO Alcatraz ka inoa o kahi mokupuni ma Kaleponi kahi i mālama ʻia ai nā lawehala weliweli.
Kahi noho holoholona hihiu
Noho ka hapa nui o nā albatross i ka hemisphere hema, e hoʻolaha ana mai Australia a i Antarctica, a ma ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻApelika Hema.
Aia nā ʻokoʻa i ʻehā mau ʻano o ka genus Phoebastria. ʻEkolu o lākou e noho ana ma ka Moana Pākīpika ʻĀkau, mai Hawaii a Iapana, Kaleponi a me ʻAlapika. ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻehā, ʻo Galapagos albatross, kahi e ʻai nei ma kahakai o ka Pākīpika o ʻAmelika Hema a ʻike ʻia i nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos.
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā albatrosses e pili pololei ana i ka hiki ʻole iā lākou no nā lele lele, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea e hiki ʻole ai ke hele i ka ʻaoʻao equatorial. A ʻo ka Galapagos albatross wale nō i aʻo e hoʻopio i nā ʻenekini i hoʻokumu ʻia ma lalo o ka mana o ke kai Humboldt anu kai.
ʻO nā kiaʻi manu, e hoʻohana nei i nā satellite e nānā ai i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻula albatross ma luna o ka moana, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole komo nā manu i nā neʻe kau o ke kau. Hoʻopuehu ʻo Albatrosses i nā wahi kūlohelohe ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka wā hānau.
Koho kēlā me kēia laha i kona panalāʻau a me ke ala: no ka laʻana, hele mau nā albatross hema i nā huakaʻi holoholo a puni ka honua.
Kaʻi ʻana, ration food
ʻAno ʻokoʻa nā ʻano Albatross (a me nā heluna komo komo pū kekahi) ʻaʻole wale ma ka nohona, akā ʻo nā koho gastronomic hoʻi, ʻoiai like ka lako o kā lākou meaʻai. ʻOkoʻa wale nō ka ʻāpana o kahi kumu meaʻai.
- he iʻa;
- cephalopods;
- crustaceans;
- zooplankton;
- kalaiwa.
Makemake kekahi e pāʻina ma ka heʻe, hopu kekahi i ka krill a iʻa paha. Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo nā ʻāpana "Hawaiʻi" ʻelua, ʻo ka ʻ albatross kua paʻa pōuliuli ke nānā aku i ka heʻe, a ʻo ka lua, ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele wāwae wāwae, i ka iʻa.
Ua ʻike nā kiaʻi manu i kekahi ʻano lina albatross e ʻai koke i ka ʻai... No laila, hana nui kahi albatross auwana i ka heʻe e make i ka wā e hānau keiki ana, hoʻolei ʻia e like me nā ʻōpihi lawaiʻa, a hōʻole ʻia hoʻi e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka nui o ka hāʻule ʻana i ka papa kuhikuhi o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe (e like me ke poʻo hina a me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele) ʻaʻole ia he mea nui: ua lilo nā heʻe liʻiliʻi i waiwai no lākou, a ke make lākou, hele pinepine lākou i lalo.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu loa, ua kipaku ʻia ke kuhiakau e ʻohi nā albatrosses i ka ʻili o ke kai. Ua lako lākou me nā kani kani e ana i ka hohonu o kahi a nā manu e piholo ai. Ua ʻike nā biologists i kekahi mau laha (me ke albatross auwana) e luʻu ai ma kahi o 1 m, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe (me ke albatross kapua) hiki ke iho i 5 m, e hoʻonui ana i ka hohonu i 12.5 mau mika inā pono.
ʻIke ʻia e kiʻi nā albatrosses i ka meaʻai i ke ao, e luʻu ana ma hope o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia ʻaʻole wale mai ka wai, akā mai ka ea pū kekahi.
Ka nohona ola, nā ʻenemi o ka ʻalekona
ʻO ka paradox nā albatrosses āpau, kokoke me ka ʻole o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, ke kokoke nei i ka make i ko mākou kenekulia a lawe ʻia ma lalo o ka pale o ka International Union for Conservation of Nature.
ʻO nā kumu nui i lawe i nā manu i kēia laina make:
- ko lākou luku nui ʻia ʻana no ka hulu o nā pāpale wahine.
- nā holoholona i hoʻolauna ʻia, ʻo kā lākou mau waiwai ka hua moa, nā moa a me nā manu makua;
- haumia kaiapuni;
- ka make ʻana o ka ʻalbona i ka lawaiʻa lōʻihi ʻana;
- pau ʻole nā waihona iʻa kai.
ʻO ka moʻomeheu o ka ʻimi albatrosses i hoʻokumu ʻia i waena o ka poʻe Polynesian kahiko a me nā Indians: mahalo iā lākou, ua nalowale nā lehulehu āpau, e like me ia ma ka mokupuni. Pakoa. Ma hope mai, ua hāʻawi kekahi o nā luina ʻEulopa e ka hopu manu ʻana no ka hoʻonaninani papaʻaina a i ʻole ka hoihoi haʻuki.
Ua piʻi aʻe ka pepehi kanaka i ka wā o ka noho paʻa ʻana ma Australia, a ua pau me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kānāwai pū... I ke kenekulia ma mua o ka hala, ua ʻaneʻane nalowale ke albatross kua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kahi i kī kīnā ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe ʻimi hulu.
Mea nui!I ko mākou manawa, hoʻomau ka make ʻana o nā albatross no nā kumu ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ale ʻana i nā lou o nā mea lawaiʻa. Ua helu nā Ornithologists ʻo kēia ka liʻiliʻi he 100 tausani manu i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli hou aʻe mai nā holoholona i hoʻolauna ʻia (nāʻiole, nāʻiole a me nā pōpoki hānai), nā pūnana luku a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā mākua. ʻAʻohe o Albatrosses mākau pale e like me ko lākou pūnana mamao ʻana mai nā mea hihiu ʻāhiu. Lawe ʻia nā pipi. ʻO Amsterdam, ua lilo i kumu kumu no ka emi ʻana o nā ʻalboss, ʻoiai ʻo ia e ʻai i ka mauʻu kahi a nā manu e hūnā ai i ko lākou pūnana.
ʻO kekahi kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe he ʻōpala ea i hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o nā ʻōpū i ʻole i hoʻohemo ʻia a i ʻole ālai i ka wahi digestive i mea ʻole ʻole ka manu i ka pōloli. Inā hiki i ka pīpī i ka pīpī, kū ka ulu maʻamau ʻana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e koi i ka meaʻai mai nā mākua, ke ʻike nei i kahi ʻano wahaheʻe o ka māʻona.
Ke hana nei nā mea mālama he nui i kēia manawa i nā hana e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā ʻōpala ea i pau i ke kai.
Wā ola
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Albatrosses ma ke ʻano he lōʻihi lōʻihi i waena o nā manu... Kuhi ka poʻe kiaʻi manu i ko lākou awelika ola ma kahi o ka hapalua kenekulia. Hoʻokumu nā ʻepekema i kā lākou mau mea i ʻike ʻia ma hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona o ka laha Diomedea sanfordi (albatross aliʻi). Ua kani ʻia ʻo ia i kona wā makua makua, a ua ukali iā ia no kekahi mau makahiki he 51.
Hoihoi ia! Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Biologists ua noho ke kani albatross i kona wahi kūlohelohe no 61 mau makahiki.
Hoʻohua i nā ʻalbona
Hōʻike nā ʻano āpau i ka philopatricity (kūpaʻa i ka wahi hānau), hoʻi ʻana mai ka hoʻoilo ʻaʻole wale i ko lākou wahi maoli, akā kokoke i ko lākou mau pūnana makua. No ka hoʻoulu ʻana, koho ʻia nā mokupuni me nā kāpena pōhaku, kahi i loaʻa ʻole nā holoholona ʻaihue, akā aia ke komo manuahi i ke kai.
Ua lohi ka hānau ʻana o Albatrosses (ma 5 mau makahiki), a hoʻomaka lākou e pāʻālua ma hope aku: ʻaʻole kekahi mau ʻano ma mua o 10 mau makahiki. He koʻikoʻi loa ka ʻona albatross e pili ana i ke koho ʻana i kahi hoa ola, kahi e loli wale ai inā ʻaʻohe keiki a ka wahine.
No kekahi mau makahiki (!) Ke nānā nei ke kāne ma hope o kāna wahine, e kipa ana i ke kolone mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki a me ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau wahine.... I kēlā me kēia makahiki hoʻopili ʻo ia i ka pōʻai o nā hoa hiki a hiki i kona kau ʻana ma luna o ka mea wale nō.
Hoʻokahi wale nō hua manu i loko o ke kūpeʻe o kahi albatross: inā luku wale ʻia ia, waiho ka wahine i ka lua. Kūkulu ʻia nā pūnana mai nā mea kanu a i ʻole ka lepo / peat.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole hoʻoluhi ʻo Phoebastria irrorata (Galapagos albatross) i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana, ʻoi aku ka makemake e ʻōwili i ka hua i kau ʻia a puni ke kolone. Kipaku pinepine ʻo ia iā ia ma kahi mamao o 50 mau mika a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia mau i kona palekana.
Noho nā mākua ma ke kūpeʻe, me ka piʻi ʻole ʻana mai ka pūnana mai 1 a 21 mau lā. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā moa, hoʻomehana nā mākua iā lākou no ʻekolu mau pule hou, e hānai ʻana iā lākou me ka iʻa, ka heʻe, ka krill a me ka aila māmā i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka manu.
Holo nā albatrosses liʻiliʻi i kā lākou lele mua ma 140-170 mau lā, a me nā lunamakaʻā o ka genus Diomedea a ʻoi aku ka hope - ma hope o 280 mau lā. Ua ala aʻe ma ka ʻeheu, ʻaʻole helu hou ka moa i ke kākoʻo makua a hiki ke haʻalele i kāna pūnana.
