Inā ʻakaʻaka kahi mamba ʻeleʻele iā ʻoe, e holo: ʻo ka nahesa (kūʻē i ka hōʻoia o Wikipedia) ʻoi loa ka hakakā a hoʻouka me ka hopohopo ʻole. I ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi lāʻau ʻai, e aloha aku ʻoe i nā kūpuna i 30 mau minuke.
Minoʻaka a Asp
ʻAʻole ia he hōʻike o ka hauʻoli ʻino o ka mea kolo i ka maka o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, akā hōʻike wale ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona anatomical - ka ʻoki o ka waha o ka waha. ʻO ka hope, e like me ke ʻano o ka mamba e nau mau ana i nā blueberry, holoi iā lākou me ka ʻīnika. ʻO ka waha, ʻaʻole ke kala o nā unahi, i hāʻawi i ka inoa i kēia nahesa. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli, wehe ka mamba i kona waha ākea, i nā kahakaha a kahi kanaka me kahi manaʻo hoʻomohala e ʻike maʻalahi ai i ka pahu kupapaʻu.
ʻO ka ʻāpana mua o ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Dendroaspis polylepis e haʻi e pili ana i ke aloha no nā mea ulu lāʻau, kahi e hoʻomaha mau ai ka nahesa, ka lua o ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka scaly.
He kolo wīwī ia mai ka ʻohana asp, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea i koho ʻia ma mua o kona mau hoahānau pili, ka mamba ʻāiki a me ka mamba ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ka awelika o nā palena o ka mamba ʻeleʻele: 3 mau mika ka lōʻihi a me 2 kg o ka nui. Manaʻo nā Herpetologists i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hōʻike nā moʻo nahesa i nā nui hou aʻe - 4.5 mau mika me 3 kg o ke kaupaona.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mamba ʻeleʻele i ka lōʻihi o ka cobra mōʻī ʻole i lanakila ʻia, akā aia ma mua o ia (e like me nā aspid āpau) e pili ana i ka nui o nā niho ʻona, e ulu ana a 22-23 mm.
I ka wā ʻōpio, he kala māmā kā ka mea kolo - he kālā a he ʻoliva paha. Ke ulu nei, pouli ka nahesa, lilo i ʻoliva ʻeleʻele, hina me ka sheen metallic, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, akā ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele loa.
Hoʻopaʻa puke ma waena o nā moʻo
ʻO Dendroaspis polylepis - mea nona ka ʻole kekahi mau poʻo inoa weliweli:
- ʻO ka nahesa ʻawaʻawa nui loa ma ʻApelika (a ʻo kekahi o nā mea ʻawahia loa ma ka honua).
- ʻO ka moʻo nahesa lōʻihi loa ma ʻApelika.
- ʻO ka mea hana ʻawa poʻokela wikiwiki loa.
- ʻO ka nahesa wīwī wikiwiki loa ma ka honua.
ʻO ka inoa hope loa i hōʻoia ʻia e ka Guinness Book of Records, e ʻōlelo nei e piʻi wikiwiki kahi mea kolo i 16-19 km / h ma kahi mamao iki.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka moʻolelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 1906, hōʻike ʻia nā kiʻi i kāohi ʻia: 11 km / h ma kahi ʻāpana o 43 mika ma kekahi o nā mālama i East Africa.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻāina, ʻike ʻia ka mamba ʻeleʻele i ka nui ma waena o ka waena a me ka hema o ka ʻāina.
Uhi ka ʻāpana iā Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Central African Republic, Senegal, Eritrea, Guinea, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Cote dʻIvoire, Malawi, Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia, Somalia, Tanzania , Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, Repubalika o Kongo a me Zimbabwe.
Noho ka nahesa i nā ululāʻau, savannas, nā awāwa kahawai me nā lāʻau maloʻo a me nā pali pōhaku. ʻO kahi kumulāʻau a i ʻole kumulāʻau e hana ma ke ʻano he lounger lā no ka mamba basking i ka lā, akā, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻili o ka honua, e heʻe ana ma waena o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka manawa maʻamau, kolo ka nahesa i loko o nā puʻu termite kahiko a i ʻole nā hakahaka i nā kumu lāʻau.
Ka nohona mamba ʻeleʻele
ʻO nā leʻaleʻa o ka mea i loaʻa iā Dendroaspis polylepis no ka herpetologist kaulana ʻo Albert Gunter. Ua hana ʻo ia i kāna mea i ʻike ai ma 1864, e hāʻawi ana i ka wehewehe o ka nahesa i nā lālani 7 wale nō. No hoʻokahi kenekulia a me ka hapa, ua waiwai nui ka ʻike o kānaka i kēia holoholona make.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou e ʻai ka nahesa mamba ʻeleʻele i nā moʻo, nā manu, nā kauā, a me nā moʻo ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi: nā rodents, hyraxes (like me nā puaʻa guinea), galago (e like me nā lemurs), nā lele lele elepani a me nā opeapea.
Hoʻopiʻi ka mea kolo i ke ao, hoʻohālua a nahu a hiki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka mea i loaʻa i kāna hanu hope loa. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka mea pio i hoʻokahi lā a ʻoi paha.
Hiki ke helu ʻia nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe ma ka lima hoʻokahi:
- ʻaeto moʻo kolo
- mongoose (pale ʻokoʻa i ka lāʻau make);
- nahesa moʻo (mehelya capensis), nona ka maʻi kūlohelohe i ka toxin.
Noho kū hoʻokahi nā mambas ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka manawa e kiʻi ai i keiki.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
I ka puna, ʻike ka hoa i ka wahine e ka "ʻala" o nā mea huna, e nānā ana i ka momona ... me kahi alelo e nānā piha i kona kino.
ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā i nā hoa kolohe e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hakakā ma waena o nā kāne: pili lākou i ka pūliki ʻana, e hoʻāʻo nei e mālama i ko lākou poʻo ma luna o ke poʻo o ka hoa paio. Holo hewa i ka hilahila.
Ma ke kau waena o ke kauwela, hoʻomoe ka mamba momona (6-17), o 2.5-3 mau mahina ma hope, hatch black mambas - mai ka hānau ʻana "ua kau ʻia" me ka lāʻau make heirloom a hiki ke loaʻa ka meaʻai.
Make ka hapa nui o nā cubs i ke kau mua mai nā predators, nā maʻi a me nā lima kanaka e ʻimi nei iā lākou.
ʻAʻohe ʻikepili e pili ana i ke ola o ka mamba ʻeleʻele i ka nāhelehele, akā ʻike ʻia ia i ka terrarium kekahi o nā ʻelele o nā laha i ola a 11 mau makahiki.
ʻAne mamba ʻeleʻele
Inā kū kū ʻole ʻoe i kāna ala, e hoʻomāinoino ʻo ia i ka neʻe ʻana, a i ʻole ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka wā mua.
E noʻonoʻo i ka hana hoʻoweliweli a ka nahesa ma ke ʻano he makana o ka hopena (e hoʻouluulu ana i ka pale, e hāpai ana i ke kino a hāmama ka waha): i kēia hihia, he manawa kou e hoʻi i mua o ka hoʻolei make.
No kahi nahu, hiki i kahi mea kolo ke hoʻokuʻi mai 100 a 400 mg o ka toxin, 10 mg o ia (i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka serum) hāʻawi i kahi hopena make.
Akā ka mea mua, e hele ka mea ʻeha ma waena o nā pōʻai āpau o Gehena me ka ʻehaʻeha, ka pehu ʻana o ka nanahu nahu a me nā kikoʻī kikoʻī. A laila aia kahi ʻono ʻē aʻe i ka waha, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, nausea a me ka luaʻi, diarrhea, ʻulaʻula o nā membrane mucous o nā maka.
Hoʻopiha ʻia ka wai ʻona mamba ʻeleʻele:
- neurotoxins;
- cardiotoxins;
- dendrotoxins.
ʻO kekahi poʻe hoʻi i manaʻo ʻia he luku loa: kumu lākou i ka maʻi lōlō a me ka hopu ʻana i ka hanu. ʻO ka nui o ka lilo o ka kaohi o ke kino i kahi manawa pōkole (mai ka hapalua hola a i kekahi mau hola).
Ma hope o ka nahu, pono ia e hana koke - aia kahi manawa no ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia i ka lāʻau hoʻōla a pili i ka mea hanu hanu hana.
Akā ʻaʻole mālama mau ʻia kēia mau mea maʻi: e like me nā helu helu ʻApelika 10-15% o ka poʻe i loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa make. Akā inā ʻaʻohe serum ma ka lima, hiki ʻole ka make o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia.
Mālama hale
ʻAe, hānai ʻia nā mambas ʻeleʻele weliweli ʻaʻole wale ma nā zoo mokuʻāina: aia kekahi eccentrics e mālama i kēia mau moʻo i ko lākou keʻena.
ʻO kekahi o nā terrariumist ʻoi loa a me ka ʻike ʻo Arslan Valeev, nāna i hoʻouka ʻōnaehana i nā wikiō me kāna mambas iā YouTube, aʻoaʻo ikaika iā lākou no ka hoʻoulu home.
Wahi a Valeev, e holo koke ka mamba i pakele i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea nāna e pepehi iā ia, a e aʻo ʻoe e pili ana i kona pakele e kahi nahu uila i ke komo ʻana i ka lumi.
Hoʻomaopopo ka haku nahesa i ka neʻe ʻana i ke poʻo o ka asp hiki ke hana i hoʻokahi manawa, a laila e hoʻokalakupua loa (e like me ka mea iā ʻoe) e haʻi ke kolo iā ʻoe i kahi ʻōlelo a hoʻokō koke.
Hoʻonohonoho o ka terrarium
Inā hōʻole ʻole kēia mau paio iā ʻoe, e hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea e mālama ai i nā mambas ʻeleʻele i ka home.
O ka mea mua loa, kahi terrarium voluminous i lako me nā puka puka aniani moakaka e nānā i nā mea e hana nei i loko. Nā palena o ka nahesa e noho nei me ka puka kīwaha:
- kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole emi ma mua o 1 mika;
- hohonu 0.6-0.8 m;
- ma kahi o 2 mau mika ka laulā.
ʻO ka lua, nā mea mānoanoa (ola a hana ʻole paha) ma nā snags a me nā lālā e kōkua i nā nahesa e hoʻololi i ka pio. Pale pū nā lālā i nā kānaka hakakā a hilahila loa paha mai ka hōʻeha pōʻino.
ʻO ke kolu, nā mea nui i ka lalo: he wikiwiki ka metabolism i nā mambas ʻeleʻele, a ʻaʻole kūpono kahi nūpepa iā lākou.
Hoʻonāukiuki maʻalahi ʻia nā mea kolo i ka hana iki ʻana i ko lākou wahi moe, no laila, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi terrarium me nā mambas me ka wikiwiki a i nā mīkina lima kūikawā hiki ke kū i nā niho nahesa lōʻihi.
Mahana
I loko o kahi terrarium nui, maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ke kāʻei koi i koi ʻia - ma kahi o 26 kekelē. Pono e kihi mehana i wela i 30 mau kekelē. ʻAʻole pono ke anuanu ma mua o 24 kekelē i ka pō.
Paipai ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi kukui (e like me nā mea kolo ʻāina honua āpau) 10% UVB.
Mea ʻai
Hana ʻia nā mambas hānai e like me ka maʻamau - 3 mau manawa i ka pule. Loaʻa kēia pinepine i ka manawa o ka digestion piha, ʻo ia ka 24-36 mau hola.
He maʻalahi ka papaʻai pio: nā manu (1-2 mau manawa i ka hebedoma) a me nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi.
E kuha ana kahi mamba overfed, no laila mai hoʻonui. A hoʻokahi mea hoʻomanaʻo hou: mai hānai i ka nahesa me nā tweezers - neʻe me ka wikiwiki o ka uila a ʻaʻole e nalo.
Wai
Pono ka Dendroaspis polylepis i ka pīpī maʻamau. Inā palaualelo ʻoe e hana i kēia, kau i kahi mea inu. ʻAʻole inu pinepine nā Mambas i ka wai, e hoʻohana ana i kahi kīʻaha inu e like me kahi latrine, akā aia mau ka wai.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e wili i nā ʻili o ka ʻili kahiko mai ka hiʻu o ka mea kolo, e pono e pīpī i ka nahesa i ka wā o ka moulting.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
Ua makua ʻo Mamba i ka makahiki ʻekolu. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o Dendroaspis polylepis i ka paʻa pio ʻana he hanana kupaianaha ia. I kēia manawa, ʻelua wale nō hihia o ka hoʻoulu kūhelu ʻana o nā keiki "ʻākau" i ʻike ʻia: ua hana ʻia ia ma Tropicario Zoo (Helsinki) i ke kauwela o 2010 a i ka puna o 2012.
Ma hea e kūʻai ai kekahi?
ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi mea kūʻai mamba ʻeleʻele i kahi mākele moa a i loko o kahi hale kūʻai holoholona. E kōkua nā kūkākūkā terrarium iā ʻoe. I mea e komo ʻole ai i kahi pilikia, e nānā pono i ka mea kālepa (ʻoiaʻiʻo inā e noho ʻo ia ma kekahi kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe) - e nīnau i kāu mau hoaaloha a e ʻike pono he nahesa maoli nō.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻoe e lawe i ka reptile iā ʻoe iho: i kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā ia no nā maʻi kūpono a hōʻole i ka holoholona maʻi.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā he nahesa ma waena o $ 1,000 a $ 10,000 e huakaʻi iā ʻoe e ka paukū pou ma ke kaʻaahi. Hiki i kekahi mea ke hana ma ke ala, me ka make ʻana o kahi mea kolo. Akā ʻo wai ka mea ʻike, ʻo kēia paha kahi e hoʻopakele ai ka hopena iā ʻoe mai ka honi make o ka mamba ʻeleʻele.
