ʻO ka iʻa Carp - kahi mea ʻono a nā ʻemepera Kina
Kaulana ʻia ʻo Carp e nā poʻe lawaiʻa - he ipu lili ia no ka hopu holoholona ʻana i ka wai. Mahalo ʻia ka poʻe noho loko e nā gourmets no kā lākou waiwai waiwai a me ka ʻono. E pili ana iā ia a e kūkākūkā hou ʻia.
ʻOiai ʻo 2500 mau makahiki i hala aku nei ma Kina, a laila ma Iapana, ua aʻo lākou i ka hānau ʻana i kēia iʻa momona, ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻole no ka unuhi ʻana o ka inoa "hua". No nā makahiki he haneli, ke lawaiʻa nei ka poʻe i ka carp e pāʻina ai i kēia iʻa kupaianaha.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
Iʻa muliwai Carp a, i ka manawa like, kahi kamaʻāina o nā loko a me nā loko iʻa. ʻO kona kūpuna ka moʻo muliwai. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamo ma mua o ka hanauna ma nā ʻano he nui: ke ola, ka hoʻomanawanui, ka momona. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka moʻo wai wai iʻa iʻa nani no kā lākou unahi nui a me nā wili hipa ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o hope o ka maʻa scaly carp maʻamau he poni pouli, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū. Hinahina nā fin. Hāʻawi ka mahiʻai iʻa hou o kēia manawa iā ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano kala o ka lunamakaʻāinana kūmākena a loaʻa nā hopena kūleʻa maoli.
ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ke kino i nā laha: he humpbacked ke ʻano i loko o nā loko loko iʻa, e like me nā kolio, paʻa a pōkole hoʻi. ʻO nā kino elongated a me nā cylindrical nā ʻano o nā poʻe o ka muliwai. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā carp āpau e nā antennae ʻehā ma nā kihi o nā lehelehe melemele, pōkole a mānoanoa.
He mea kupaianaha nā nui o nā ʻohana āpau: ʻo 20 mau makahiki o ka makahiki ʻōpio ma kahi o 20 cm ka lōʻihi, a hiki i nā mākua ke ulu a 1 m a ʻoi iki aʻe paha. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā kapena nunui ma mua o 37 kg. He moʻolelo honua ia i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma Romania ma 1997. ʻO nā kope maʻamau e hele i nā keʻena kūʻai aku i ka awelika o 1 a 8 kg.
Ua aʻo ka Chinese kahiko e hānai i ka carp a hoʻohanohano ʻia ia ma ka ʻāpana Asia. Ua lanakila lanakila ʻo ia ma ʻEulopa, a i ke kenekulia 19 ua hiki ʻo ia i ʻAmelika. ʻO ka momona a me ke ola o nā iʻa i kōkua i ka hoʻolaha ākea ʻana.
ʻOkoʻa ka ʻano nui o ka carp i ke kala o nā unahi a me ke alo o ka uhi scaly iho. ʻO nā koho koho o kēia au i hiki ke hana i nā mea hana hoʻonaninani he 80 a ʻoi paha. No laila, i loko o kahi ʻohana nui, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻokaʻawale.
— carp gula, me nā unahi melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui. Nui ke kino, elongated, me ke kua kiʻekiʻe, i mākaukau me nā "faila" serrated ma nā lola;
ʻO Carp kahi kapa gula
— kāʻei aniani, a i ʻole mōʻī. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia e kāna mau unahi unahi i kū ma ka laina waena o ke kino a hoʻopuehu ʻia i kekahi manawa i nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi i ke koena o ke kino. Ma ka laina ʻaoʻao aia he mau puka me nā hunaola nerve, mahalo i ke aʻo ʻana a ka iʻa i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka nohona. Heʻuʻuku nā kukuna o ka peʻa ma mua o nā hoahānau, a hiki i kēia laha ke loaʻa ke kaumaha nui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe;
ʻO ke kiʻi aniani ke kiʻi
— carp ʻōlohelohe (leathery), hana maʻalahi ʻia ia. He ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo kona ʻano;
I ke kiʻi ʻōlohelohe (ʻeleʻele) carp
— koi, nā kāhiko kāhiko. Ua hānai ʻia lākou mai ka 14th kenekulia ma Iapana a ʻokoʻa i ka mua i ka ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a me nā kala melemele, i loaʻa nā ʻano o nā kala ʻokoʻa a ʻano ʻē. carp keʻokeʻo, onionio, me nā lauana ma ke kua a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Loiloi ʻia nā koi hānai ʻaʻole wale ma kahi a me ke ʻano o nā wahi lilelile, akā me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili, ke ʻano o ke kino, ke poʻo, a me kā lākou kūlike.
ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kāhiko koi
ʻO ka iʻa o ka ʻohana carp pili i nā kamaʻāina unpretentious, hiki ke launa pū i loko o nā kino wai haumia. Aloha aloha i ka wai stagnant, mālie a i ʻole kahe kahe, no laila noho ia i nā kahawai liʻiliʻi, nā loko a me nā loko iʻa. Hōʻike ʻo Vitality iā ia iho ke loli ke kaiapuni.
Makemake ia i ka mehana, akā ʻohiʻohi ʻia ka carp scaly a hiki i nā wai anuanu o Siberia. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e noho i loko o ka wai paʻakai ma hope o ka haki o ka dam, kahi i ālai i ke komo i ke kai.
ʻO ke kumu ola kāpae ma ke ala waena a ma ka hema o Russia, Kelemania, Palani, Czech Republic, Australia, ʻAmelika. Nā wahi punahele o nā iʻa i loko o nā waihona wai me kahi pālolo paʻa ma lalo, i uhi ʻia me kahi papa lepo liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā snags ma lalo o ka wai, nā mānoanoa a me nā ʻohe nā hale o nā kapena a me nā lako meaʻai i ka manawa like ma kahi o 300 m.
Ma hope o ka ululāʻau ʻana, ke kahe ʻia nā wahi, kūkulu ʻia nā kuahiwi o nā lālā popopo a me nā lāʻau. Pono e nānā i kēlā mau wahi o ka carp no ka noho ʻana. Noho lākou ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 5 m. Aia nā makemake no nā kaʻa aniani, ʻaʻole e komo i kahi hohonu, e noho i ka wai papau a pono i nā wai aerated.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Iʻa Carp He lāhui aloha. Mālama pū nā poʻe liʻiliʻi i ka nui, a hiki i nā mea nui ke noho kaʻawale, i kahi kaʻawale a me ka hāmau, akā kokoke i nā ʻohana. ʻO ke anuanu wale nō e neʻe mai ana e hoʻowalewale iā lākou e huli i kahi hoʻoilo kūpono. Hoʻonohonoho lākou e kali i ka hoʻoilo i kahi ʻano semi-hiamoe ma kahi hohonu o 10 m, i nā lua lalo.
Inā ʻaʻohe depressions kūpono, a laila lawe ʻia ka iʻa i nā wahi i hoʻopuni ʻia. Pale kahi mānoanoa o ka mucus iā lākou. Hoʻomaka ka ala ʻana me ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka puna a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka wai. ʻO ka manawa hoʻomaka maʻamau no ka hana i ka hopena o Malaki - ʻApelila mua.
Hoʻomaka ka iʻa pōloli e ʻimi i ka meaʻai a haʻalele i nā hoʻomoana hoʻoilo, e piʻi nei i ka hohonu maʻamau o 4-6 mika. Noho mau ka iʻa kāpena, mai neʻe lōʻihi a neʻe paha. Mālama nā ʻōpio i nā loko i nā hipa i loko o nā nāhelehele ʻohe a me nā mea ulu ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai e noho hohonu nā poʻe nui, e hele i waho o nā hale hoʻomalu no ka hānai wale nō.
ʻAʻole no lākou nā wahi hāmama, ua pōʻeleʻele a malu hoʻi ke ʻano o ka ʻāpā. ʻAʻole lākou e neʻe i kahi ʻohana nui, akā ma ka lālani, e kāwili nei i kēlā me kēia kanaka o nā makahiki like ʻole, e like me ka ʻohana maoli. Hana lākou i ka maluhia, me ka ʻole o ka huhū. ʻO kahi hōʻike kupaianaha o ke alo o ka carp kona hiʻohiʻona e lele ana i luna o ka wai.
ʻIke pinepine nā lawaiʻa i kēia hanana i ke kakahiaka nui a i ʻole ke awakea ahiahi. He kiʻekiʻe loa ka lele, ʻoi, sonorous ke hāʻule pālahalaha i ka wai. ʻO ka hopena o kēlā lele a me ka nalu i haku ʻia i ka hāʻule ʻana he ola loa ia e waiho ana ka manaʻo o ka mea āna i ʻike ai no kekahi manawa lōʻihi.
Manaʻo ka poʻe loea he hōʻailona kēia o ka ʻohana e neʻe nei i ka hānai ʻana, a ʻo ka lele pinepine ʻana he hōʻailona ia o ka ʻinoʻino o ka wā. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe lawaiʻa i ka hiki ʻana o ka ikaika, akahele a me kekahi ʻike i ka iʻa carp. ʻO ka lawaiʻa no kēlā me kēia mea noho wai he pīhoihoi a me ka palaka, koi ʻia ka hoʻomanawanui a me ke akamai.
Hāʻawi ʻia ke Kūlohelohe carp wai hou hoʻomanaʻo o ka iʻa no ka pilau a me ka ʻono o ka hānai. Inā hopu ʻoe i kahi iʻa me ka maunu, a laila hoʻokuʻu iā ia, a laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻi i ka nahu like, me ka ʻike pehea ka weliweli.
Hana kahi ʻala maikaʻi loa a hoʻomohala i nā mea loaʻa i mea e hiki ai i nā carps ke honi i kahi mika i mau mika ka mamao, a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻono e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e kānana i ka meaʻai, kaomi ʻana i nā mea ʻai pono ʻole ma o nā gills. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he omnivorous, akā ʻo kona mākaukau i ke koho ʻana e aneane he gourmet iā ia.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona nui o ka carp ka hiki ke ʻike iā 360 ° a hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala. Hiki iā ia ke neʻe i ka pouli, e ʻimi a puni ka makaʻu, no ka mea, ʻike ʻo ia i nā mea āpau i kāna huelo ponoʻī. He aha ka iʻa kāpae akahele a ikaika hoʻi, ʻike maopopo nā lawaiʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maʻalahi iki i ka lawaiʻa ʻana mai kahi kikoʻī nui.
Mea ʻai
No ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he aha ka ʻai a ka ʻola nā mea āpau a me nā mea he nui, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻai nui a me ka omnivorous. Hoʻopili ka papaʻai i nā meaʻai holoholona i ke ʻano o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā hua, nā rana, nā ilo, nā nūnū, nā mea kolo, nā ʻano larva āpau, molluscs.
ʻO ka Cannibalism kekahi mea i loko o lākou, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i kā lākou pā ponoʻī. ʻO ke ʻano o ka pilau e kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa i kāu mea pio. No ko lākou voracity a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana, ua kapa ʻia ka carp nā puaʻa wai.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai holoholona i ka wā mua o ka puna a me ke kau, a i ke kauwela, ke ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu momona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai vegetarian: ʻohe mauʻu, nā kumu a me nā lau o nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka wai. I loko o ka nāhelehele ʻohe hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i ke ʻano smacking o ka iʻa. Hoʻopaʻa maʻalahi ʻia nā Shoots e nā niho pharyngeal o ka carp, hiki iā ia ke haki i nā pūpū paʻakikī o ka crayfish a me nā nīnū.
Ke hiki mai ka manawa no ka iʻa, ʻai kāpae mucus ma nā ʻau o nā mea kanu, ma nā lua wai o nā holoholona i hānai ʻia me ka manure. I nā māla Carp, hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi hānai kūikawā no ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka iʻa iʻa.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Me ka wai kahe, haʻalele ka iʻa i ko lākou mau hale hoʻoilo a neʻe i nā kahawai kahawai. Hoʻomaka ka hana a ka poʻe noho i ka wā e mahana ai ka wai a 10° C. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, ʻākoakoa ka iʻa i ka wahi e hoʻomāū ai i waena o nā mānoanoa ma lalo o ka wai.
ʻO Carp kahi ʻōpio ʻōpio
ʻO ka mahana o ka wai ma kahi o 18 - 28° C, a ʻo ka hohonu ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 m. I kekahi manawa spawn ka iʻa kokoke i nā kahakai kahakai, i ka wai pāpaʻu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua i nā lau kanu a i ʻole nā limu filamentous. Hānau ka ʻōkala i ka pō.
Noise nā loko iʻa a kakahiaka. Hoʻohana hou ʻia kēlā me kēia wahi hānau. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o Caviar he 3-4 mau lā. Loaʻa nā mākua moekolohe o ka carp e 3-5 mau makahiki, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka nui o nā iʻa, a hiki i 29-35 knm. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻAʻole ola nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole hiki i ke oʻo āpau.
Akā ʻo ke koʻa i lanakila i nā palena o ka ulu ʻana ke ola nei no ka manawa lōʻihi, inā ʻaʻole lawaiʻa kahi lawaiʻa ʻike. Carp lawaiʻa - kahi hana kanaka ma ke kenekulia. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka awelika ke ola o ke ola a hiki i 30 mau makahiki. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kānaka nunui i hopu ʻia ma mua o 100 mau makahiki. Manaʻo nā ʻepekema he hiki nō kēia a ʻaʻole kēia he palena makahiki.
Pehea e kuke ai i ka pala
ʻO ka iʻa momona ka iʻa momona i waiwai i nā kumuwaiwai. Kūkala nā Nutristists i ka ʻai pinepine ʻana i kaʻiʻo ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka calorie a me ka momona me nā huaora. I waena o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe kumu kūʻai carp loaʻa i ka mea kūʻai aku.
Paipai nā chef loea i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pā mai nā iʻa ola i kūʻai ʻia. He ʻono kūikawā kā Carp i hiki ke hoʻoikaika a lilo i mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka wā e mālama ai. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻomākaukau no ka hana ʻana i ka carp:
- hoʻomoʻa i ka umu. No kēia, paʻakai ʻia ka kupapaʻu a hamo ʻia me nā mea ʻala. A laila kau i ke anuanu no ka koʻi ʻana. I hoʻokahi hola ma hope, hohola ma luna o ka foil, ʻokiʻoki i ka ʻiʻo ma ke kua a hoʻokomo i nā kāʻei lemon. I loko o ke kupapaʻu, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka wahi me nā ʻakaʻokiʻoki. E ninini i kaʻaila kawa a kau i ka pepa bakena i ka umu. I ka hapalua hola, mākaukau ka iʻa.
- palai i ka pā. Hoʻomoʻu ʻia nā ʻoki kua i ka waiū paʻakai no 10 mau minuke. A laila lawe lākou i waho, hamo me nā mea ʻala a ʻōwili i ka palaoa. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka iʻa i loko o ka aila sunflower me ka hoʻohui ʻia o ka waiūpaka e loaʻa ai kahi pākī hoʻoluʻu. ʻO ka mea ʻike i ka kuke ʻana i ka iʻa carp e leʻaleʻa mau i nā malihini me kahi ipu olakino a momona.
