Zaryanka he manu ʻōlinolino liʻiliʻi no ka ʻohana thrush. He inoa ʻokoʻa ko kēia manu i waena o ka poʻe - robin, ʻoiai i kapa ʻia no kona ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Ke mele ʻia nei ka leo nani o ka robin e nā haku mele he nui, no ka mea, me ka leo o kēia manu a mākou e hoʻopili ai i nā ahiahi o ke kauwela.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Zaryanka
ʻO ka robin Erithacus rubecula maʻamau i ke aupuni holoholona, ke ʻano chordate, ke kauoha o nā manu passerine. Kuhi ʻia kēia hui kekahi o nā lehulehu loa ma ka honua a pili pū me nā ʻelima kaukani mau lunamakaʻāinana. ʻO ka robin no ka ʻohana Muscicapidae o nā manu lele ʻeleʻele. Noho nā manu o kēia ʻano i nā ʻāina me nā anilā mehana. He manu lele lākou.
Video: Zaryanka
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana e nā hiʻohiʻona aʻe:
- liʻiliʻi nā manu āpau o kēia ʻohana. ʻO nā manu makua he 10 a 30 cm ka lōʻihi;
- he nuku pololei ko nā manu;
- ʻeheu puni ākea;
- he huelo pololei lōʻihi ko nā manu;
- noho i nā ululāʻau, nāhelehele, nā pāka.
Mālamalama a ʻōlinolino ke kala o ka manu robin. Ma ka umauma a ma lalo o ka waha, ʻulaʻula ka hulu, ma hope a ma nā ʻeheu, hina hina kahi manu me kahi aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma ka ʻōpū o ka manu, māmā nā hulu. Ma ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻulaʻula ka plumage. Aia i ka subspecies, hiki i ke kala o ka manu ke ʻōlinolino a ʻeleʻele hoʻi. ʻOi aku ka nui o Robins o nā ʻāpana ʻākau, a ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o ko lākou kala ma mua o ko ka poʻe hema. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia ʻano e ka naturalist Suetena ʻo Karl Linnaeus i ka makahiki 1758 i kāna hana i kapa ʻia ʻo Motacilla rubecula.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Manu o Robin
He manu liʻiliʻi ka robin i ka lōʻihi, aia ma kahi o 14 cm. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi makua he 15 wale nō, kahi eheu o 17 a 20 cm.
ʻOluʻolu a palupalu nā hulu o ka manu, ʻaʻole pili lākou i ke kino, ʻo ia ke kumu e nānā poepoe ai ka robin. He lōʻihi kona mau wāwae, ikaika kona e lele me ka wikiwiki i ka honua. He maʻa ʻo ia i ke kū ʻana me ka neʻe ʻole i ka neʻe ʻana a hana i nā kakaka i ka wā e lele ikaika ana i kāna huelo.
ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā kāne a me nā ʻōpio i ke kala ma mua o nā wahine. ʻAʻohe o nā manu hānau o kēia laha kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma ka umauma; hana ʻia ma hope. Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo o ka manu, ʻeleʻele nā maka. Pololei ka nuku. He maka maikaʻi ko ka manu a maʻalahi hoʻi i ke ʻano i ka pō i nā ulu lāʻau.
Pēlā nō hoʻi, hoʻopuka nā robins i nā leʻaleʻa nani ʻole, a laila huli i kahi kani leo a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike. ʻAʻohe kikoʻī o ke mele. Aia nā mele i nā kani ʻū ʻoluʻolu. Hoʻopau ʻia ke mele i kekahi manawa e nā hoʻomaha maha. Hīmeni nā manu i ke ahiahi i ka wanaʻao, ʻo ia ke kumu i loaʻa ai ka inoa o kēia manu mai ka robin. ʻO ka awelika ke ola o nā robins he 1.5-2 mau makahiki, akā ʻo ka hapa nui kēia ma muli o ka nui o nā manu ʻōpio e make i ka wanaʻao. I kekahi manawa hiki i kēia mau manu ke noho no 10 mau makahiki i ka nāhelehele.
He manu neʻe ʻo Robins, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao, akā inā loaʻa nā manu maikaʻi ʻole i nā manu ma ke ala, hiki iā lākou ke make. I nā wahi mehana, hiki i nā manu ke alakaʻi i kahi ola sedentary inā kūpono nā kūlana no lākou.
Ma hea e noho ai ka robin?
Kiʻi: Zaryanka i ke kūlohelohe
Loaʻa nā manu o kēia ʻano ma Europe holoʻokoʻa. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou mai ke Kaiwaenahonua a i ka waena o Siberia. I ko mākou ʻāina, noho nā manu i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi mauna o ka Caucasus, ma ke kahakai o ka Caspian a me nā Kai ʻEleʻele. A hiki ke loaʻa nā robins ma Uzbekistan, Tatarstan, Armenia, Georgia, i ka nui o Ukraine a me Belarus. Hoʻohui ʻia, noho nā robots ma ʻApelika, ka Hikina Waena. Hele pinepine nā manu i Sepania, UK a me ʻEulopa komohana. I ka ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa, noho nā robin o ʻEulopa i loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous, kahi mea maʻamau ʻole no kēia ʻano manu. Ma Beritania, Sepania a me Rūsia, noho kēia mau manu i loko o nā ululāʻau huikau, kanu nā ululāʻau, nā pāka a me nā māla. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole neʻe nā robins Beritania, akā noho i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi o ko lākou wahi noho maʻamau.
I ke kenekulia 19, aia nā hoʻāʻo e hānai manu o kēia ʻano ma New Zealand a me Australia, akā ʻaʻohe aʻa o nā manu i kēia mau ʻāina, a pono lākou e noho hou i nā ʻāina me kahi ʻano mahana a mehana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole makaʻu nā manu o kēia ʻano i nā kānaka, hiki iā lākou ke kūkulu i nā pūnana kokoke i nā hale o kānaka. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻāʻo pinepine nā manu e noho i ka nahele. Hana ʻo Robins i ko lākou pūnana ma luna o nā kumu, nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole ma ka honua i waena o nā nāhelehele a i ʻole nā nāhelehele. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻaʻole makemake nā manu i nā ululāʻau coniferous māmā, akā makemake lākou e noho i nā mānoanoa hazel, akā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā nahele i kua ʻia, pono lākou e haku i ka kaiāulu kokoke i ka poʻe. Hoʻi mai ʻo Robins mai ka hoʻoilo i ka wā mua o ka puna, ke puka mua nā lau ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, hoʻi lākou i ko lākou mau pūnana a hoʻāla hou i ka nahele, hoʻopiha iā lākou me kā lākou mau mele nani.
He aha ka ʻai a ka robin?
Kiʻi: Zaryanka i ka hoʻoilo
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai o kēia manu liʻiliʻi nā ʻano ʻelala like ʻole. Makemake ʻo Zaryanka:
- Zhukov;
- punawelewele, a me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe;
- midges a lele;
- ʻenuhe, ʻenuhe;
- nahenahe;
- pepe liʻiliʻi.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i kahi e noho ai ka manu, hiki ke loli nui kāna papaʻai. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka nahele kahi e noho ai ka manu a me nā mea ulu, ʻo ka nui o nā meaʻai e loaʻa i ka robin. Hunt ka manu, e neʻe ana mai kekahi lālā a i kekahi lālā a i ʻole ʻohiʻohi i nā meaʻai ma ka honua. Hunt ʻelua ma ke ao a ma ka pō. Hiki iā ia ke hopu pinepine i nā midges liʻiliʻi a me nā nalo i ka wā o ka lele. I ke kauwela, makemake ʻo ia e pāʻina ma nā hua o ka currant, ʻākala, lehu mauna. I ke kau a me ka hoʻoilo, ke lilo ka ʻai, hele a ʻimi nā robins i nā ʻano hua like ʻole e ʻoki i nā hua i koe ma nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau. Hiki iā ia ke lele i luna i nā kino wai a loaʻa ka meaʻai ma laila. ʻAʻole makaʻu ka robin i ka wai. ʻO Robins e noho mau nei i ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai i nā mea hānai. Inā hānai ʻoe i ka manu, hiki ke noho kokoke i ka hale a hiki ke ola e like me kēia i ka hoʻoilo a pau. Eia hou, inā ua noho kahi robin i loko o ka māla, e pōmaikaʻi wale ia i ka māla no ka mea e luku ʻia nā mea ʻinoʻino.
Mea hoihoi: He mea paʻakikī i kahi robin ke hānai mai kahi mea hānai, hoʻohana ʻia ka manu e pipili i nā lālā lāʻau me kona mau wāwae, no laila inā pono ʻoe e hānai i ka robin, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e pīpī i ka meaʻai ma ka honua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Zaryanka i ke kūlohelohe
Hoʻi ʻo Robins i ko lākou pūnana ma ka hopena o ʻApelila. Noho lākou i nā ululāʻau ulu nui a kanu i nā pūnana, a lākou e peʻe ai i loko o ka mānoanoa o nā laʻalāʻau, nā kumu, nā lāʻau make. Kūkulu nā manu i nā pūnana ʻano pola mai ka mauʻu, nā aʻa a me ka bast. Holoi ʻia ka limu momona, ka hulu hipa a me ka hulu ma lalo. Ua ʻike ʻia ke kiaʻi nui nei nā manu o kēia ʻano i ke kiaʻi ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina. Noho wale ʻo Robins, a hui me ka wahine ʻē wale nō i ka manawa o ka pūnana. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻae i nā manu ʻē aʻe e komo i ko lākou ʻāina; hakakā pinepine nā kāne me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu e make pinepine ai lākou.
Hana ʻia nā hakakā ma waena o nā robins kāne, kahi e make ai a 15% o nā manu. ʻAʻole makaʻu ka poʻe i nā manu, hiki iā lākou ke noho kokoke i ka hale, i ke anuanu hiki iā lākou ke lele i loko o ka hale kōlea a i loko o ka hale. Hīmeni nā robins i kā lākou mele i ke ahiahi a me ka pō. He kāhea kā lākou mele i ka wahine ʻē aʻe. Hīmeni pālua ʻo Robins, hōʻike ka wahine i ko lākou mākaukau no ka moena ʻana me kā lākou trill, hōʻike nā kāne me kā lākou uē he haku ko ka ʻāina.
Mea hoihoi: Aia nā kāne ʻoi aku ka nui o nā robins ma mua o nā wahine, nui nā kāne, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka pūnana, noho hoʻokahi. ʻO nā kāne, waiho ʻole ʻia he pālua, kiaʻi i ka ʻāina a mai hoʻokuʻu iā lākou e komo i loko. ʻOiai i kekahi manawa hiki i kekahi kāne ke hoʻokuʻu i kekahi i loko no ka pō. Hana pū kekahi e ʻākoakoa nā kāne i nā hipa liʻiliʻi no ka pō, no laila ua palekana lākou.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Zaryanka i ka lele
He manawa ko Robins e hoʻomoe ai i nā hua i ʻelua mau manawa i ke kauwela hoʻokahi a hānai i nā moa. ʻO ka pūnana robins manawa mua i Mei, ʻo ka lua o ka manawa i ka hopena o Iulai.
I kekahi manawa, inā kū kekahi mea i nā moa, hoʻāʻo paha nā mākua e hānai i nā keiki ma ʻAukake. I nā pāʻani moʻa, hāpai ka wahine i ka hana. Hiki ka wahine i ka ʻāina o ke kāne, demonstrative wehe i kona mau ʻeheu i nā ʻaoʻao a hoʻomaka e hīmeni.
ʻO ke kāne, ʻoiai e pale ana i ka ʻāina, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kipaku aku iā ia, ke hana nei i nā leo weliweli weliweli. Hoʻolahalaha ke kāne i kāna mau ʻeheu, lele a hōʻike ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia e ʻike i kahi malihini ma kāna panalāʻau. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hoʻi ka manu, peʻe ma hope o kahi kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā lāʻau. A laila hoʻi mai ʻo ia a hoʻomaka e hīmeni me ka leo nui. Ma hope o 3-4 mau lā, hāʻawi mau ke kāne.
ʻO ka moa moa wahine i ka pūnana nona iho, ʻo ka nui o ka pūnana o ka robin ma kahi o 5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a 7 knm ākea. Hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hūnā i ka pūnana i hiki iā ia. I hoʻokahi manawa, hoʻopuka ka wahine i 4-6 mau hua bluish. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua moa no ʻelua mau pule, me ka ʻole o ke ala ʻana mai ka paʻa, mālama ka kāne i ka meaʻai.
Ma hope o ka pā ʻana, pale nā mākua iā lākou. Lawe ke kāne i ka meaʻai, a hānai ka wahine i nā keiki. Hoʻomaeheʻe nā moa i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua i ʻelua mau pule. Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Delicate i lalo e nā hulu ʻoi loa, ʻike ʻia kahi kala ʻulaʻula ma ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. I ka makahiki o ʻelua mau pule, ua hiki i nā moa ʻōpio ke lele a hoʻomaka e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī na lākou iho.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā robins
Kiʻi: robin manu hoʻoilo
Nui nā ʻenemi o kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:
- ʻalā;
- falcon;
- martens;
- nā pōpoki;
- ermines;
- ʻalopeke;
- aloha;
- uila.
Makemake kēia mau mea ʻaihue e luku i nā pūnana o ka robins i mea e ʻahaʻaina ai i nā hua manu a i ʻole nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO ia ke kumu e piʻi ai ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā manu ʻōpio. ʻO ka poʻe mākua, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, hoʻāʻo e pale aku i ko lākou pūnana, akā hiki nō ke ʻai ʻia. No laila, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke lele lele, a mālama i ko lākou ola iho. Inā noho kahi manu kokoke i nā kānaka, a maʻa ka hānai ʻana. I ka hihia o ka makaʻu, hiki iā ia ke huli i kahi kanaka. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi ʻia kēia mau manu e ka hānai ʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke noho pio.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo Zaryanka i nā fluctuations ʻoi loa i ka mahana a me ke anuanu a make pinepine i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Zaryanka ma Lūkia
ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o ka make ʻana o kēia mau manu he kiʻekiʻe loa a he nui nā ʻenemi i loko o ke aupuni holoholona, he nui ko lākou heluna kanaka. I kēia lā, ʻo ka heluna kānaka mai 139 a 320 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. He paʻakikī loa ke nānā aku i ka helu o kēia mau manu no ka mea he neʻe nā manu a neʻe pinepine, a ma ke ʻano he nui lākou. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o ka laha Erithacus rubecula i kēia lā ʻaʻole kumu hopohopo a ʻaʻole pono i kahi pale kūikawā. Inā ʻike ʻole ʻia kēia mau manu, no ka mea ua camouflaged maikaʻi ʻia i waena o nā lau o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau.
Aia i ko mākou mana e hana i ke ola o kēia mau manu i maʻalahi, i maʻalahi iā lākou e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai. Pono pono e hoʻolako i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā pāka a me nā māla zoological. Mai ʻokiʻoki i nā ululāʻau a me nā mea ulu ulu ulu me ka ʻole o ka pono kūikawā, e hoʻāʻo nei e mālama i ka lau nahele. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā mākou ke kākoʻo i nā manu i koe no ka hoʻoilo i ko mākou ʻāina ma ka hānai ʻana iā lākou e ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea hānai a me nā hale manu ma kahi kokoke i ka hale a me nā pāka.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ma Pelekane Nui, he hōʻailona hōʻailona ʻole nā robins o kēia ʻāina, kahi e pale ʻia ai kēia mau manu a ke hana nei i kā lākou mea e hiki ai ke kākoʻo i ko lākou lehulehu. Ma laila, ʻaʻole makaʻu iki kēia mau manu i ka poʻe a hiki ke noho ma luna o nā poʻohiwi a me nā lima o ka poʻe.
Zaryanka manu nani loa a launa pū. Ua manaʻo lōʻihi ʻia ma Rūsia inā inā hoʻonohonoho kahi manu i kahi kokoke i kou home, a laila e loaʻa ka maluhia a me ka ʻoluʻolu i loko. Mālama i kēia mau manu kupaianaha, hānai iā lākou a uku lākou iā ʻoe me ke aloha a me nā mele kupaianaha a nani loa.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: 07/19/2019
Lā hou: 09/25/2019 ma 21:29
