ʻO kekahi o nā lunamaka'āinana o ka moana kai, ke kumu nei i nā manaʻo kupaianaha mai kahi kala nani, momona, a me nā kala - iʻa kākā... Ke noʻonoʻo nei i kēlā ʻano hana, hauʻoli ka mea me ka "hoʻomāʻewaʻewa" ʻana o ke kūlohelohe i kēia mea ola. Kiʻi ʻia a paʻi kiʻi ʻia lākou no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia lākou kekahi o nā kānaka maikaʻi loa o ka ʻāina kai.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Iʻa kākā
Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i kēia iʻa i ka 1810 a, i ka manawa like, ua loaʻa ka loaʻa mua. Ua kāhea lākou i kēia genus parrot a skar paha. Pili lākou i ka papa o nā iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia me ke aho, ke kauoha - wrasse. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema honua no ka parrotfish Scaridae. Noho ia ma nā wahi pāhona a me nā subtropical, i nā wai mehana, kahi o ka mahana ma lalo o +20 kekelē.
ʻO ka nohona punahele no ka iʻa nā ʻākoʻakoʻa. Pili wale lākou iā lākou, ʻoiai lākou e hānai i nā meaʻai ma nā polyps coral. ʻAʻole huhū ʻo ia, a ʻoluʻolu iki hoʻi. Hiki i kekahi kanaka ke ʻauʻau me ia me ka mālie loa, a e ʻae ʻo ia iā ia iho e paʻi kiʻi ʻia. A ma muli o ka ʻau lohi loa o ka iʻa, ʻoluʻolu ke kī ʻana iā lākou ma ke kāmera.
Akā aia kekahi mau manawa ke hana maikaʻi ʻole ka mea luʻu a hiki ke hopu i ka "ʻoloka". E hōʻeha kahi iʻa i makaʻu ʻia e ka nahu ʻana me kona mau niho ikaika e like me ke kila a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana me kāna huelo. A mai ka ʻoluʻolu o kēia iʻa, ʻaʻole e koe kahi koina.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Iʻa wai paʻakai ʻo Parrot
Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka iʻa ma muli o kona nuku, a ua like ia me ka nuku o kahi ʻāʻī - ʻaʻole he waha hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia a hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻūlū. ʻO ka nui o kahi mākua mai 20 cm a 50 cm, aia kekahi ʻano iʻa, kahi e hiki ai i ka nui ke 2 - 2.5 mau manawa nui (green pine cone - Bolbometopon muricatum). Hiki i kona lōʻihi ke piʻi i 130 knm a me ke kaupaona a 40 kg.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu kūwaho nā aka o ka uliuli, poni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā mea o ka ʻulaʻula, melemele, ʻalani. He ʻokoʻa loa nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā iʻa: hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā iʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo a uliuli wale nō, a i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke kala piha piha. A i ʻole tricolor, kaukaʻi nui i ka laha a lākou e pili ai, a ma kahi a lākou e noho ai.
Wikiō: ʻIʻa Parrot
ʻO ka lae ikaika, ke kino fusiform, a me nā peʻa hana he nui. Hoʻomohala nui ʻia nā peʻa pectoral o ka iʻa, akā inā pono e loaʻa ka wikiwiki, holo i waho o nā mea ʻaihue, a laila ka fin - huli koke ka huelo i ka hana. ʻO nā maka me nā ʻalani ʻalani aia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo.
Hana ʻia ka iwi ā i ʻelua papa, ʻo ia nā ʻano o nā niho ʻelua. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou a ʻae i ka "parrot" e ʻānai i nā meaʻai mai nā ʻākako, a nā nā niho pharyngeal o loko e wāwahi iā ia. "Hana ʻia nā niho i kahi mea - fluoropatin. ʻO ia kekahi o nā meaola biomaterial lōʻihi loa, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke gula, keleawe a me ke kālā a ikaika ka ʻāʻī. ”
ʻO ka fin dorsal he 9 spines a 10 mau kukuna palupalu. 11-huelo huelo. Nui nā unahi, cycloidal. A aia he 25 vertebrae i ka huelo.
Ma hea e noho ai ka iʻa ʻoliva?
Kiʻi: kāne kākā iʻa
ʻO nā wahi noho o nā iʻa "kala" - nā kai ākea o ka Pākīpika, nā ʻĀina a me nā moana ʻAkelanika, a me ke Kaiwaenahonua, Caribbean a me nā Kaiʻula. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā iʻa hoʻokahi a me nā hui liʻiliʻi e ʻauʻau ana ma kahi hohonu pā, ma kahi o 2 a 20 mau mika.
He wahi kaʻawale ko kēlā me kēia iʻa āna e pale aku ai. No laila, ke ʻākoakoa lākou i nā hipa liʻiliʻi i kā lākou ʻāpana o ka waihona wai, kipaku aku lākou i kahi malihini e komo i kā lākou waiwai. He mea nui loa kēia manawa na lākou, ʻoiai i loko o ko lākou "hale" peʻe lākou i ka pō mai nā holoholona kai weliweli ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke pinepine nā luʻu lūlū iā lākou ma kahi o nā koʻa kai no ka mea he wahi punahele ia. Kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a paʻi iā lākou. ʻAʻau mālie kēia iʻa, hāʻawi maikaʻi iā ia iho i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou i ke ao wale nō, e like me ka pō e peʻe ka iʻa i loko o kā lākou "hale".
Minamina, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia kēlā iʻa ma ka home. Ma muli o ke ʻano kikoʻī o nā niho, e koi ai i kahi biomaterial kūikawā no ka wili ʻana i nā niho. A hiki i kēia mau mea ke hana wale i nā koʻa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke hāʻawi i ka iʻa mau.
ʻO nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā pūnaewele luʻu kahi āu e ʻike ai a nānā ai i kēia iʻa kokoke nā aquariums nui. Ma laila lākou e hoʻolako ʻia ai me nā mea āpau e pono ai ka iʻa e like me ke ʻano o kāna nohona. A hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i ia nani ma kahi kokoke.
He aha ka iʻa ʻoka e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Iʻa Parrot Blue
ʻO nā iʻa kākā nā mea ulu lāʻau. ʻOi aku nā polyps coral a me nā limu e like me nā kīʻaha nui. Hoʻopili lākou i nā limu ʻōpio mai nā ʻākoʻakoʻa make i make, a hāʻule nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā koʻa a me nā pōhaku me nā mea kanu i loko o ka ʻōpū. Akā maikaʻi kēia no ka iʻa, no ka mea hoʻomaikaʻi ka digestion. Ma hope o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā invertebrates kai, hoʻopāpā ka iʻa iā lākou i ke ʻano o ke one, a laila kau i ka papa kai.
Mālama ka iʻa ʻola i nā koʻa mai ka make a me ka hanu ʻana, mahalo i ka hemo ʻana o ka limu ʻōpio mai nā ʻākoʻakoʻa, a ʻai pū nō hoʻi i nā ilo, nā mollusks, nā mea kanu, nā ʻanepo, a pēlā aku. Kapa ʻia kēia hana he bioerosion. Ma muli o kēia, ua kāhea ʻia lākou he ʻākoakoa ʻākoʻakoʻa.
Makemake lākou e ʻai i ka loko iʻa. Aia ma laila kahi nui o nā mea iʻa punahele. Hoʻāʻo lākou e hōʻea i laila i ke kai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano parrotfish, he ʻoi aku ma mua o 90 mau ʻano, hānai i nā ʻano molluscs a me nā holoholona benthic ʻē aʻe e noho ana i ka hohonu o ke kai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Iʻa kākā
Noho kaʻawale ka hapa nui o ka nohona o ka iʻa. Ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo ia e lilo i kāna wahi "ponoʻī", ʻaʻole mamao aku ia mai kona puʻuhonua, i mea e peʻe ai i kona hale inā pilikia. Aia kēlā mau wahi ma kahi kokoke i nā kahawai o nā koʻa, nā ana. A ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i kona wahi noho, ʻoiai aia nā meaʻai nui āpau ma nā ʻākala.
Aia a hāʻule ka pō, hūnā ka parrotfish mai ka waha a mucus a puni iā ia, kahi e hana ai i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni pale kūikawā. Pale kēia pale i ka pilau mai ka iʻa mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me nā mea ʻimi ʻimi e ʻimi i ka pō e hoʻohana ana i ko lākou ʻano pilau. Kōkua pū kēia hana i ka hoʻōla ʻana i nā ʻeha i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka iʻa mai nā pali, ʻoiai he hopena antiseptic ka mucus.
No ia ʻano hana, hoʻolilo ka iʻa i 4% o kona ikehu āpau, i ka lā holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ia ʻano pale i nā parasite e omo ana i ke koko, no ka laʻana, isopods, mai nā hui crustacean. No ka holo o ka wai i loko o ka cocoon, waiho ka iʻa i nā lua ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e ʻae i ka wai e hele manuahi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wanaʻao, ʻuī ʻo ia i kēia kiʻi ʻoniʻoni me kona mau niho ʻoi, a hele e ʻimi i ka meaʻai.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi - hiki i kahi parrotfish ke hana a hiki i ka 90 kilokika o ke one i kēlā me kēia makahiki, mahalo i kāna papaʻai maʻamau. " E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, nā pōhaku a me nā ʻāpana o nā koʻa, ke komo ʻana i ka meaʻai me nā limu, mai loko mai o ke one i wāwahi ʻia. Hiki ke loaʻa ke ʻano one a lahilahi hoʻi ma ke kahakai o nā kai kahi e noho ai nā iʻa parrot.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: ʻoti iʻa wai paʻakai
I ka wā o ka spawning, ʻākoakoa nā iʻa parrot i nā ʻohana hipa. Hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau kāne kāne nui a ʻākahi wahine a ka hipa. "Akā hiki ia ʻaʻole ke kāne i loko o ka ʻohana, a laila hiki mai ka manawa ke hele a hoʻokahi wahine, ʻo ka mea nui loa o ka hānai, e hoʻololi i ka moekolohe - e lilo i hermaphrodite."
Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hoʻololi hoʻololi i mau mau pule. No laila, lilo ka parrotfish i hermaphrodite. He mau kānaka Hermaphrodites ka mea hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā hua a me ka sperm. Hiki i kēia hana ke hana i ka iʻa i loko o ko lākou ola - i mau manawa. Me ka ʻokoʻa o hoʻokahi ʻano - kinikini. ʻAʻole hoʻololi kēia ʻano i kāna kāne.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻoulu ʻia nā hua manu e ke kāne, a laila lawe ʻia e ke au i nā lagoons. Kū ka ulu o nā hua i ka lā, ʻike ʻia ka fry, kahi e palekana ai lākou i ka hohonu o ka lagoon. ʻO kēia kahi e ulu ai nā larvae a hānai i ka plankton.
Ke ulu nei ia mai ka ʻai a i ka iʻa makua, hala nā pae he 2-3, kahi e hoʻololi ai i ko lākou kala. ʻO ke kīʻaha o kahi kala paʻa, me nā kaha liʻiliʻi a me nā kiko. I kahi kanaka makua ʻole, poni, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā kala ʻeleʻele. A ʻokoʻa ka makua i ka bluish, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā hue poni. I loko o kona ola, hiki i kahi iʻa parrot ke hoʻololi i kona kala ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa.
Ke puka koke mai ka fry mai nā larvae, hoʻouna ʻia lākou i nā polyps coral, kahi e lawelawe ai nā limu ʻōpio i meaʻai nui. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi e malu ai ma laila. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi iʻa parrot i kona wahi maoli ma kahi o 9 a 11 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka iʻa parrot
Kiʻi: iʻa ʻio o ke kai
ʻAʻohe o ka uila uila i lawe ʻia i ka iʻa Parrot, nā kakalaioa a me nā mea make. Hoʻohana wale ʻo ia i ka mucus e pale iā ia iho. No laila, ʻo kekahi o nā ʻano o ka pale ʻana he mucus, ka mea āna e hoʻohana ai ʻaʻole wale i ka pō, akā i ke ao hoʻi inā pilikia. A hiki mai ka makaʻu iā ia mai kahi kanaka i hopu i kēia ʻano iʻa ma muli o ka waiwai, nā ʻano meaʻai a me nā pono kūpono.
Ke hopu ʻana i ka iʻa me ka ʻupena, hoʻomaka koke ia a me ka nui e hoʻokuʻu i kāna lubricant, akā, eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pono kēia ʻano palekana, ke hopu ʻia e kahi kanaka e hoʻohana ana i nā pono hana kūikawā. A no nā kānaka, ʻaʻole weliweli kēia cocoon, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe - he nui nā waiwai a me nā wikamina e pono ai.
Hiki i nā ʻenemi ke hoʻopili pū i nā parasite omo koko mai ke kauoha o nā crustacea kiʻekiʻe - isopods. ʻO ka manō, ka puhi, a me nā mea ʻimi ʻalu i ka pō e ʻimi nei i ka iʻa ʻoka me ko lākou ʻano pilau. E kipaku aku ai i nā malihini mai kā lākou panalāʻau, ʻākoakoa ka parrotfish i kahi hui. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā neʻe ikaika a me nā niho ikaika, hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia a kipaku iā lākou i waho o ko lākou mau home i kahi ʻohana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: kāne kākā iʻa
Aia ma kahi o 10 mau genera i ka ʻohana o kēia mau iʻa.
- ʻO ka iʻa ʻākoʻo Green cone - 1 mau ʻano. ʻO ka iʻa nui loa, kaupaona ʻia a 45 kg a e ulu nei a 130 knm. Noho lākou i ka awelika a hiki i 40 mau makahiki, pena ʻia ka wahine a me nā kāne i ke kala like. I ka wā o nā hakakā, hiki iā lākou ke luʻu me ko lākou lae nui.
- ʻO Cetoscarus - 2 mau ʻano: Cetoscarus ocellatus a me Cetoscarus bicolor. I ka lōʻihi ulu lākou a hiki i 90 cm. ʻĀlohilohi loa i nā kala momona. Hānau ʻia nā hermaphrodites i wahine, akā hoʻololi i kā lākou moekolohe. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano i ka 1956.
- Chlorurus - 18 mau ʻano.
- Hipposcarus - 2 mau ʻano.
- Scarus - 56 mau ʻano. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o nā laha i 30 - 70 cm. Noho ka hapa nui o nā laha i nā wai mehana o ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Mexico a me ka Caribbean. Aia ma laila e mehana mau ai ke aniau, a waiwai nā kaiaolaola kai i ka meaʻai no ka ulu a ulu ʻana o nā ʻoka.
- ʻO Calotomus (Calotomas) - 5 mau ʻano.
- Cryptotomus - 1 mau ʻano.
- Leptoscarus (Leptoscars) - 1 ʻanoʻano.
- Nicholsina (Nikolsiny) - 2 mau ʻano.
- Sparisoma (Sparisoma) - 15 mauʻano.
I kēia lā ma kahi o 99 mau ʻano iʻa parrot i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema. Akā ʻaʻole i kāpae ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano hou, a e loli ia no ka ʻoi aku a maikaʻi ʻole paha ma 10-15 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā loli i ke aniau ke hana i nā iʻa hou, a i ʻole emi paha ka heluna kanaka.
Iʻa kākā o kēlā mau lunamakaʻāinana e noho ana i ka honua moana e ʻoluʻolu me ko lākou mau manaʻo kala. Pōmaikaʻi lākou i nā pākako (e ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana iā lākou), nā kānaka, e ka hana ʻana i ke one a mākou e makemake ai e hele. Hāʻawi lākou iā mākou i ka manawa kūpono e kiʻi i nā kiʻi nani a mahalo wale. He mea mahalo kēia iʻa, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e kipa i ka aquarium.
Ka lā hoʻopuka: 09.03.2019
Lā hou: 09/18/2019 ma 21:06
