ʻO ka ʻīlio hyena a hyena paha (Lycaon pictus) kahi māmaki karnivorous e pili ana i ka ʻohana canine. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema o ka lā wale nō o ka genca Lycaon i ka unuhi ʻana mai ka ʻōlelo Helene "wolf", a ua unuhi ʻia ʻo Picus mai ka Lākina me "pena ʻia".
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻīlio hyena
ʻO ia mau lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana canine he ʻohana pili o ka ʻīlio ʻulaʻula, akā ʻo ko lākou helehelena e like me hyenas... ʻO ka holoholona mamala kū hoʻokahi i loaʻa ka inoa i ka hanohano o ke akua Helene, ʻike ʻia ia e ke akamai a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole no ka holoholona hihiu.
Ma muli o ka momona o ka ʻili i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, hoʻopuka ka ʻīlio hyena i kahi ʻala musky ikaika loa. Hoʻohana kēia mau ʻīlio ʻĀlika hihiu i ko lākou ʻano pilau, nā leo ʻano, a me ka ʻōlelo kino e hoʻokumu i kekahi i kekahi. Ma muli o kona ʻano ʻokoʻa loa, ua kapa ʻia kēlā holoholona ma ke panalāʻau o kekahi mau ʻāina ʻo "ka ʻīlio hae".
Helehelena
ʻOiai ʻo ia ka pili kokoke loa o nā ʻīlio ʻulaʻula, ʻo ke ʻīlio like hyena he kumukānāwai e like me ka hyena, ʻike ʻia ia e kahi kino māmā a wīwī hoʻi, nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe a ikaika hoʻi, kahi poʻo nui aʻe. ʻO nā pepeiao o ka māmele predatory mai ka ʻohana canine nui, ʻōuli ke ʻano, e like me nā pepeiao o ka hyena. ʻO kahi ʻīlio pōkole a ākea hoʻi ke ʻano o ka ʻīlio hyena.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua e pili ana i hoʻokahi mika me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo ma waena o 35-40 cm a me ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo - ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 75-78 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka mea ʻaihue e ʻokoʻa ma waena o 18-36 kg a ʻano like ka nui ma muli o ka māʻona o ka holoholona. I ka manawa like, hiki i kahi ʻīlio hyena makua ke ʻai i kahi 8-9 kg o kaʻiʻo maka. ʻOi aku ka iwi poʻo o ka ʻīlio like me ka hyena, me nā ā ʻāpana ikaika loa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā Premolars ma mua o nā niho o nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe a hoʻohālikelike pono ʻia i nā iwi ʻōiwi wikiwiki.
Hoihoi ia! I ka hānau ʻana, he keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele nā ʻīlio o kahi ʻīlio hyena, a loaʻa i kēlā mau holoholona i ke kala melemele ma hope iki, ma kahi o ʻehiku a ʻewalu paha pule.
He ʻūlū a pōkole hoʻi ka ʻīlio hyena, a huhū liʻiliʻi loa. I kekahi mau wahi i ke kino, ʻike ʻia ka ʻili ʻeleʻele. Fuffy ka huelo o ka predator a lōʻihi loa. Hoʻokumu ke kala i nā kiko o ka ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo, aia ma ke kumu brownish kāʻei kua. ʻO kēlā ʻano hiʻohiʻona, i hōʻike ʻia e nā kiko o nā nui like ʻole, asymmetric a kū hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia. Aia kekahi mau kānaka o kahi kala ʻeleʻele loa. ʻEleʻele pinepine nā pepeiao a me ka waha o ka holoholona. Aia kekahi kala keʻokeʻo ma ka piko o ka huelo.
Ka nohona ola, hana
Pili nā ʻīlio Hyena, akā ʻaʻole nā holoholona ʻāina. ʻAʻole hōʻailona ka predator i kāna mau pūnaewele, i ka wā moekolohe wale nō e kaha ka lua nui i ka ʻāina kokoke i kā lākou lua me ka mimi. ʻAʻole pale nā ʻīlio hihiu i ka ʻāina ʻimi holoholona, koe wale nō ka wahi i loaʻa ma kahi kokoke o ka lua. Aia he ʻekolu mau kāne makua no ka wahine moekolohe, e hōʻole i ka hānau hou ʻana. ʻO nā wahine makua e haʻalele ana i kā lākou hānai ʻōiwi e hana i kahi ʻohana hou.
ʻAlio nā ʻīlio Hyena a noho i nā pūʻolo, i hōʻike ʻia e nā kāne nui a me nā pua o ka wahine alpha. ʻO nā kāne āpau loa ma lalo o ke kāne alpha, a ʻo nā wahine āpau i ka hipa ma lalo o ka wahine alpha. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hierarchies ʻokoʻa o ka pūʻolo ma waena o nā wahine a me nā kāne, no laila ke ʻike ʻia nā kānaka āpau e ko lākou mau kūlana ponoʻī.
Lilo ke kāne nui nui i alakaʻi o ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa, kuleana no nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka hopu holoholona a me ke koho ʻana i kahi no ka wahi o ka lua. I ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pilina hierarchical, ʻaʻole hoʻomaka nā ʻīlio hyena i nā hakakā a i ʻole nā hakakā, akā hōʻike ʻia nā kūlana alakaʻi.
Hoihoi ia! Makemake nā ʻīlio Hyena e ʻai, pāʻani a hiamoe pū kekahi, a lilo ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa a me ko lākou ikehu i nā pāʻani hakakā i kapa ʻia ma loko o ka ʻeke.
Noho aliʻi ka pilina maluhia o ka laulima ʻana ma waena o hoʻokahi ʻohana, hōʻike ʻia ka mālama like ʻana no nā keiki e ulu ana, nā maʻi, nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā mea ʻeha. Kākaʻikahi loa ka hana ʻino kūwaho. Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā ʻīlio hyena kāne i lilo i moekolohe i koi ʻia e noho i loko o kā lākou hipa, a ʻo ke koena he ʻohana hou, ʻaʻole ʻohana nui loa.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kahi ʻīlio hyena?
I ka nahelehele, ʻo ka awelika o ke ola o kahi ʻīlio hyena ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o nā makahiki he ʻumi.... ʻO kēlā mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana canine ke manaʻo nui nei i kahi ʻano kahu. ʻO kahi predator, i hoʻomālamalama ʻia e kahi kāne, aloha nui a hoʻolaʻa i ka ʻohana o kāna mea nona, lilo koke i hoa leʻaleʻa a leʻaleʻa hoʻi no nā keiki, a ma nā ʻano a me nā ʻano a ʻaʻole lākou i ʻokoʻa loa mai nā ʻīlio kahu kahu. Ma ka home, hiki i kahi holoholona predatory ke ola ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka dimorphism moekolohe ma nā ʻano lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana canine nāwaliwali loa. ʻO nā wahine a me nā kāne o kahi ʻīlio hyena e ʻane like like. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ke kāne makua ke 3-7% ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka wahine makua. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa i ka nui a me nā helehelena.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā ʻīlio Hyena ma ʻApelika. Ua pālahalaha ka mammal predatory mai ka ʻAkelanika a hiki i ke Kai ʻInikia, a ke noho nei ka holoholona nohona ma aneʻi i ka wao akua a me ka nohona savannah ma ka ʻākau o ka equator. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano ma loko o ʻApelika hikina a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina a hiki i ka latitu 30˚ S.
Mea ʻai a ka ʻīlio hyena
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai o nā ʻīlio hyena e hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano antelope ʻApelika, a hiki i ka ungulate sungber nui loa. Hiki i ka predator ke hopu i nā holoholona o ka nui awelika i ka hapahā o ka hola wale nō. I ke kaʻina o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea pio nui aku, alualu mau ka mea i hoʻomāinoino ʻia e nā ʻīlio hyena a hiki i ka luhi loa ʻana. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo nā mea maʻi, ʻelemakule, ʻeha a nāwaliwali paha e make i nā niho o nā ʻelele canine, no laila he mea maʻamau ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻīlio hyena ma ke ʻano he poʻe ʻaihue e hana ana i nā mea e pono ai hoʻoulu kuleana.
Hele nui kahi ʻīlio ʻīlio hyena a mamao pinepine i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā wahi momona i ka ʻai. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pāʻani nui, ʻoluʻolu ka holoholona kikokiko me ka ʻai ʻana i nā iole ʻohe a me ka ʻimi holoholona ʻē aʻe, a me nā manu.
Makemake nā ʻīlio Hyena e alualu nui i ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā a me ka puka ʻana o ka lā. ʻO kahi uē nui a melodic "ho-ho!", Ka mea a kēia mau holoholona e hoʻāʻo ai e kūʻai aku i waena o lākou iho, e hōʻike ana i ka puka o ua mau mea ʻino nei i ka huli holoholona.
Hoihoi ia! No ke alualu ʻana i nā mea hiki ke loaʻa, hoʻohana nā ʻīlio hyena i ko lākou mau maka maka maoli, akā ʻaʻole kokoke e hoʻohana i ko lākou ala o ka ʻala i ka hopu holoholona.
Pepehi nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kahi ʻohana i kahi nui o nā holoholona, no laila, no kēlā me kēia mākua, ma kahi o 2.5 kg o ka meaʻai e hoʻopau ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. I kekahi manawa ʻo nā ʻīlio like me ka hyena i hele aku e ʻimi e hoʻolei iā lākou iho i nā wāwae o kā lākou mea pio a wīwī koke paha i ka ʻōpū o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia. ʻO kēlā mau ʻelele o nā canine ʻaʻole nā hoʻokūkū ʻai o nā ʻīlio hae, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i pili i ka mahele o nā ʻohiʻohi ʻeleu e hana nei.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ma kahi o nā lā he ʻumi o Malaki, ua hemo nā pūʻā o nā ʻīlio hyena, i wehewehe ʻia e ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā o ka hana hou ʻana. Hiki ke loli ka lōʻihi o ka hana a ka predator mai 63 a 80 mau lā. ʻO nā pēpē wahine i nā lua, aia i ka nahele kokoke i ka lua wai. ʻO ka pinepine, aia kēlā mau lua e like me ke kolone, kokoke i kekahi i kekahi. Aia ma kahi o 6-8 cubs i hoʻokahi brood.
ʻO nā ʻīlio o kahi ʻīlio hyena i hānau ʻia i ka honua he kapa ʻeleʻele me nā kiko keʻokeʻo o ke ʻano kūlike ʻole... Hānau ʻia nā Cubs he kuli a makapō hoʻi, a nele loa i ka nele. Noho ka wahine me kāna mau keiki i ka lua no ka mahina mua. Wehe nā maka o nā pēpē ma kahi o ʻekolu mau pule. ʻO ke ʻano kala o nā holoholona makua i nā ʻīlio pēpē e hōʻike ʻia i ʻeono pule wale nō. Hoʻomaka ka hānai wahine i nā keiki e hānai i kā lākou mau keiki me ka ʻai i kāʻei ʻia i ka wanaʻao, no laila, hiki koke i kēlā mau holoholona ʻōpio ke komo pū i ka hopu holoholona me nā mākua.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOiai, ʻaʻohe kau i nā wā hānau o nā ʻīlio hyena, akā i ka hapanui o nā hihia i hānau ʻia nā pēpē ma waena o Ianuali a me nā makahiki he 10 o Iune.
No nā lālā mākua o ka ʻūlū, he ʻano maʻamau ka mālama ʻana i kēlā mau ʻohana i hiki ʻole ke ʻimi iā lākou iho. Hiki i nā ʻīlio Hyena ke hoʻohana i nā keiki pili ʻole. I ka makahiki ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa makahiki, hiki i nā ʻīlio ʻīlio ke hiki i ko lākou kino makua, a lilo i kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i nā mākua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Ua hiki i nā ʻīlio hyena ke ola ma ke ʻano he lāhui, i nā kūlana paʻakikī o kēia au wale nō mahalo i ko lākou akamai i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia a me kahi momona nui. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka weliweli no nā ʻīlio hyena makua a me nā holoholona ʻōpio e hōʻike ʻia e nā kānaka a me kā lākou mau hana ikaika.
Ua ʻimi lōʻihi ke kanaka i nā ʻīlio hyena, e pale ana i nā hoʻouka kaua maʻamau a kēia mea ʻino ma nā holoholona like ʻole. Kū aʻe nā paio ma waena o nā mea neʻe a me nā mahiʻai. I kēia manawa mālama ʻia nā ʻīlio hyena i nā wahi pale a pale ʻia, ka mea e pale ai i ka ʻino ʻana.
Pilikia hoʻi nā ʻīlio hihiu i nā maʻi canine kūloko, a he mea weliweli loa ka rabies a me ka anthrax no nā canine. Ua lilo nā liona, nā cheetah a me nā hyenas i mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe no nā ʻīlio hyena. ʻO nā predatory Mamamala nā mea hoʻokūkū ʻai nui o nā pōpoki nui loa, kahi mea i kaupalena ʻia no kā lākou wahi ʻimi holoholona ponoʻī.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ma mua o kēia manawa, he ākea ākea nā ʻīlio hyena a i loko o kā lākou wahi i hui pū ʻia i nā hipa nui, e like me hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka. I kēia mau lā he kākaʻikahi loa ka nānā ʻana i nā pūʻolo ʻīlio ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau ʻīlio. ʻO nā kumu nui i hoʻonāukiuki i ka luku ʻia o ia mau holoholona i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā wahi noho maʻamau a me nā maʻi lele, a me nā pana nui i kāohi ʻole ʻia.... I kēia lā, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻīlio hyena ma ke ʻano he wahi liʻiliʻi i ka IUCN Red List a aia ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make loa (Endangered).
Hoihoi ia!I kēia manawa ʻaʻole ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 3.0-5.5 tausani kānaka e noho nei ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani mau hipa. Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻApelika ʻĀkau, he kakaikahi hoʻi nā ʻīlio hyena, a ma ʻApelika Komohana, he kākaʻikahi loa nā lunamakaʻāinana. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka panalāʻau holoʻokoʻa o Senegal, kahi o nā ʻīlio hyena i lalo o ka pale o ka mokuʻāina.
I nā ʻāina o ʻApelika Waena, he laha ʻole hoʻi nā ʻīlio hyena, no laila noho wale lākou ma Cameroon. Loaʻa kahi liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona i Chad a me ka Central African Republic. Ma East Africa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻīlio hyena, keu hoʻi ma Uganda a me Kenya. Loaʻa kahi heluna nui o ka poʻe ma ka hema o Tanzania. ʻO nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no nā ʻīlio hyena e ʻike ʻia e ʻApelika Hema, ka mea i kēia manawa no ka hapa o ka huina o ka nui o nā mea mammalian predators.
