I ke kūlohelohe, he iʻa me ka inoa palupalu "lalius" e ʻimi ʻokiʻoki i nā pepeke lele - ʻauʻau ia a hiki i luna a "pana" i kahi kahawai wai, e ʻai ana i ka mea padded.
Wehewehe, helehelena
ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa a nani hoʻi o ka iʻa labyrinth, lalius, ulu a 2 ʻīniha, me kahi kino pālahalaha e like me ka ellipse maʻamau.... No ka ʻohana o macropods (Osphronemidae) a ua hoʻololi hou ʻia kona inoa laha maʻamau ʻo Colisa lalia iā Trichogaster lalius. Helu ʻia ia ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Trichogaster lalius ma ka IUCN Red List (2018) me ka lepili "ʻo ka hopohopo liʻiliʻi".
ʻO nā pelvic fin o ka lalius, aia i mua o nā pectorals, hana ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka paʻi, e lilo i ʻelua mau lōʻihi lōʻihi. Wehewehe nā Ichthyologists i kēia hoʻololi me ka noho ʻana i loko o nā kino wai lepo: kōkua nā "ʻumiʻumi" e mākaʻikaʻi i ka lalo a pale i nā mea keʻakeʻa. Hoʻonani ʻia ka caudal, anal, a me nā dorsal fins me ka palena ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā mea ʻelua i lōʻihi loa a hoʻomaka lākou i ka hapaha mua o ke kino a "kahe" iki i ka caudal.
Mea nui! Maʻalahi ʻo Lyalius e hoʻokaʻawale e ka wahine - ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne (a hiki i ka 5.5 cm), ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kala, he mau wili elongated me nā wēlau kikoʻī (i nā wahine e hoʻopuni ʻia) a me kahi ʻōpū pālahalaha. ʻEleʻele ka antennae i ke kāne, melemele i ka wahine.
ʻO ka lalius maʻamau e ʻōniʻoniʻo. Ma ke kino, hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻula transverse ʻulaʻula a me kālā. ʻAʻole mālamalama nā wahine e like me nā kāne: ma ke ʻano he kūlana, loaʻa i nā wahine ke ʻano hina hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kaha pale. ʻĀlohilohi nā kāne - kala ke kino ʻāhinahina i ka ʻulaʻula a me ka laina polū, i uhi ʻia e ka ʻōpū poni.
I ka makahiki 1979, ua hānai ʻia nā aquarist ma West Germany i Trichogaster lalius me kahi kala hou, i loaʻa ka inoa ʻoihana "lalius ʻulaʻula". Hōʻike nā kāne o kēia ʻano hana i ka hana ʻulaʻula i nā leo ʻulaʻula a ʻokoʻa i ke poʻo turquoise-polū a me hope. ʻO ka lalius ʻulaʻula kekahi o nā iʻa kupaianaha loa, akā ʻaʻole kū mālie nā mea hoʻohua a lawe mai i mau ʻano ʻano hoihoi like ʻole - polū, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, cobalt, ānuenue a me lalial coral.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka homeland o Lalius ʻo India. Noho ka lehulehu ma nā mokuʻāina e like me:
- ʻAsama;
- Bengal Komohana;
- Arunachal Pradesh;
- Bihar;
- Uttarakhand;
- Manipur;
- ʻO Uttar Pradesh.
Hoʻohui ʻia, noho ka iʻa ma Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal a me ka Repubalika ʻo Indonesia. Wahi a kekahi mau hōʻike, ua hoʻolauna maikaʻi ʻo lalius ma Singapore, Colombia a me USA. ʻO nā wahi punahele nā kahawai e kahe ana me nā mea kanu nui, e laʻa me ka wai ʻo Baram (Borneo), Brahmaputra a me nā kahawai ʻo Ganges.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Trichogaster lalius i nā kino wai haumia a noho ma kahi pāpaʻu, me nā kahawai me nā muliwai mehana, hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia a me nā loko wai, nā auwai a me nā mahi laiki.
ʻAʻole pīhoihoi ʻo Lyalius e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hanu me nā gills (e like me nā lālā o ka ʻohana), akā me kahi lālā labyrinth kūikawā e hopu ana i ka oxygen mai luna.
Lalius maʻiʻo
Ua kāhea aku nā poʻe wai wai ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa iā lalius dwarf gourami, he mea kupanaha ʻole - pili loa ka iʻa... I loko nō o ka unpretentiousness o lalius, ʻaʻole loaʻa iki lākou i nā loko wai Lūkini, i wehewehe ʻia e nā pilikia o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka (ʻoi loa) overprice. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi iʻa ma kahi o 2-3 mau makahiki, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ke ʻano like kekahi kiʻi me 4 mau makahiki.
Hoʻomākaukau aquarium, nui
ʻAʻole pono ʻo Lyaliusi i nā ipu nui, no ka mea, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka wai turbid i ka nahelehele: 10-15 liters e lawa no nā iʻa ʻelua, a hiki i 40 liters no kahi hui nui aku. Eia naʻe, ʻo kahi ʻohana nui o lalius e aʻa i loko o kahi aquarium liʻiliʻi, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi no lākou e peʻe i kahi nui. ʻO nā palena āpau o ka wai, hoʻokahi wale nō mea nui - kona mahana, kahi e ʻokoʻa ai i loko o + 24 + 28 kekelē.
Hoihoi ia! Pono e hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai o ka wai aquarium a me ka ea ākea e like me ka hiki. Inā ʻole, ʻo Trichogaster lalius, ka omo ʻana i ka oxygen mai ka lewa, hiki ke hopu i kahi anuanu.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka aquarium i kahi kihi mālie, hāʻawi ʻia i ka makaʻu nui o Lalius, makaʻu i ka pīhoihoi a me nā leo nui. Ua uhi paʻa ʻia ka waihona i ke aniani acrylic, no ka mea ʻau pinepine ka iʻa i ka papa. No ke kumu hoʻokahi, kau ʻia nā limu lana ma luna o ka wai i pale ʻia ka lalii. A ma ka laulaha, e koi ʻia nā mea kanu he nui - aloha ka iʻa i nā mānoanoa, kahi e luʻu ai lākou inā pilikia.
Nā koi ʻē aʻe no ka aquarium:
- aeration a me ka kānana;
- ka nele o ke au ikaika;
- hoʻololi i ka wai maʻamau (1/3 hoʻololi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule);
- kukui uila (e like me ke ʻano);
- lōʻihi nā lā o ke ao.
ʻAʻole pili maoli ka hanana o ka lepo, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kona kala - lalius ke nānā aku i ka pōʻeleʻele.
Hoʻohālikelike, hana
No ka mālama like ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i hoʻokahi kāne a me nā wahine, ʻoiai hoʻomaka ka mua i nā hakakā... Ma ke ala, nā kāne, i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea kūʻē i kā lākou moekolohe ponoʻī, aloha e kipaku wahine. Inā nui nā kāne, hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi aquarium ākea (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 60 liters), kanu nui ʻia me nā limu a hoʻolako ʻia me nā hale malumalu. I kēia hihia, e hoʻokaʻawale nā kāne i nā zona o ka mana i mea e pale ai i nā palena mai nā enemi encroachments.
Ma ka laulaha, akahele a makaʻu hoʻi nā lalii, ʻo ia ke kumu e pono ai i nā hoanoho maluhia a me ka waena, e lilo i:
- zebrafish;
- iʻa liʻiliʻi;
- nā haracinides.
Mea nui! Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka noho pū ʻana me nā ʻano predatory, a me nā moa puʻukia a me nā ʻaukā e uhaʻi i nā hoka a me ka luku ʻana iā lalius i ka make.
ʻAiʻai, ʻaiʻai
ʻO kēia mau iʻa labyrinth he omnivorous - i ke ʻano a ʻai lākou i ka plankton a me nā limu, nā mea kolo a me kā lākou mau larvae. I nā kūlana hana, ua maʻa lākou i kēlā me kēia ʻano hānai - ola, ʻenehana a i ʻole ka hau. ʻAʻole ʻae ka hāmeʻa o kā lākou ʻōnaehana digestive i ka ale ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui loa, no laila pono e wili mua ʻia ka hānai. Hiki i nā flakes ke lilo i huahana kumu, keu hoʻi no ka makemake o nā iʻa e hānai kokoke i ka papa.
E hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe (holoholona a me nā mea kanu) ma ke ʻano he kōkua kūpono:
- artemia;
- corotra;
- tubifex;
- spinach;
- saladi;
- limu kai.
ʻAʻole makemake ʻia e hoʻopili i nā bloodworms i ka papaʻai o ka iʻa iʻa - maopopo leʻa i kekahi poʻe aquarist e hōʻeha ia i ka ʻōpū o ka gastrointestinal.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAi mau ʻo Lyalius ma mua o ka pono a loaʻa hou nā paona o ka gram, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻōlelo ʻia e kau i nā ʻāpana a hoʻolaha i nā lā hoʻokē ʻai ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻai nui wale i loko o nā aquarium "monobreed" - kahi e loaʻa ai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe manawa o ka lalius akahele e hele a hiki i ka meaʻai i ninini ʻia i loko o ka wai.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Loaʻa ka hānau ma lalius ma 4-5 mau mahina. Hānai ʻia ka wahine me ka meaʻai ola, a ma hope ua waiho ʻia i loko o ka pahu e hoʻopuka ana - kahi aquarium 40-lita me kahi papa o ka wai i ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 cm. Pono kēia i ke ola o ka pāʻina a hiki i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kā lākou mea hana labyrinth. Kūkulu kahi kāne i kahi pūnana mai nā ea e hoʻohana ana i nā mea kanu ola (duckweed, riccia a me pistia)... ʻO ka pūnana, e uhi ana i ka hapahā o ka ʻili a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, ikaika loa ia e noho loli ʻole no hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka kānana a me ka aeration i loko o nā kahua huki, akā pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana o ka wai i + 26 + 28, a me nā limu mānoanoa no ka wahine, kahi e hūnā ai ʻo ia mai ka hoa hakakā. Akā huhū ʻo ia ma hope wale nō o ka hānau ʻana, a i ka wā o ka noho aloha ʻana, kūlou ke kāne, hohola i nā kini a kāhea i ka wahine i ka pūnana. Maʻaneʻi e waiho ai ʻo ia i mau hua manu, ka mea a ka hoa e momona koke ai: ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā hua ma mua o ka wai a lana i luna. I ka hopena o ka ʻōnaehana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā iʻa, e waiho ana i ka makuakāne me ka pūnana a me nā hua manu. ʻO ia ka mea nāna e mālama i nā keiki, poina iā ia no kekahi manawa e pili ana i kāna meaʻai ponoʻī. Hōʻike ka palai ma hope o 12 mau hola a noho i ka pūnana no kekahi mau lā. Ma hope o 5-6 mau lā, i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ikaika, hoʻomaka ka palai e pakele mai ka moe, a hopu ka makuakāne i nā mea mahuka me kona waha a kuha iā lākou i ka pūnana.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hatch hou, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻāʻo o ke kāne e hoʻihoʻi iā lākou. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā ʻelua, huhū loa ka makuakāne ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kuha hou aku, akā ʻai wale i kāna mau keiki. No kēia kumu, wehe ʻia ke kāne mai ka palai mai ma waena o ka 5th a me ka 7 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻOiai ʻo ka palai ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ʻana he mea liʻiliʻi ia a pono i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi, e like me nā ciliates. Lalius fry make pinepine i ka pōloli, no laila hānai ʻia lākou i mau manawa i ka lā i ka mokuʻāina ʻo "ʻūhū" paʻa. 10 mau lā ma hope o ka waiho ʻia ʻana o ke kāne, hoʻomaka e hānai ʻia ka palai me Artemia nauplii a me nā microworms.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā Ciliates mai ka papaʻai ke hoʻololi ke kīʻaha i nauplii: e haʻi ke kala ʻalani o ka ʻōpū e pili ana i kēia. Ma hope o ka palai pono ʻoe i ka maka a me ka maka, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mea nui e ʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi. I mea e pale aku ai i ka ʻai kai, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpio ma ka nui a noho ʻia i loko o nā ipu.
Nā maʻi hānau
ʻAʻole kū nā maʻi i kū hoʻokahi i ka laha Trichogaster lalius, akā aia kekahi mau maʻi i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā iʻa aquarium āpau. ʻAʻole hoʻoili ʻia kekahi mau maʻi a manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia (arguliasis, acidosis, cyst o nā gonad a me nā maʻi alkaline), hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe me he maʻi lele.
Aia ka hui ʻelua i:
- hexamitosis a me trichodinosis;
- ichthyosporidiosis a me ichthyophthiriosis;
- glugeosis a me branchiomycosis;
- dactylogyrosis a me dermatomycosis;
- lepidorthosis a me gyrodactylosis;
- pala o nā lau.
No ka mea he mea malimali ʻo lalius, maʻi pinepine ʻo ia... ʻO ka meaʻai kūpono, me ka manaʻo nui i ka meaʻai ola a me ka mālama kūpono, kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika i ka pale. Ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana, waiho ʻia ka iʻa i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale no ka quarantine (mau pule). Inā hala ka quarantine me ka palekana a loaʻa ʻole nā maʻi, kanu ʻia ʻo Lalius i kahi aquarium maʻamau.
Nā loiloi nona
# nānā 1
Ua moeʻuhane wau iā lalius no hoʻokahi makahiki holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou i ko mākou kūlanakauhale. I kekahi lā maikaʻi ua hele au i kahi hale kūʻai holoholona a ʻike i nā lalius lehulehu me nā kala he 300 rubles. Kūʻai mai wau i mau iʻa, kāne kāne: ʻaʻohe wahine no ke kūʻai aku.
Hoʻokuʻu koke wau iā lākou i loko o ka aquarium, a hūnā lākou i loko o nā mānoanoa o Vallisneria a noho ma laila no hoʻokahi hola a hiki i ka wā i hoʻopukapuka ʻia ai lākou e kaʻu mau pīpī pīhoihoi. Ua mālie nā kāne - ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻonohonoho i kahi hōʻike hōʻike pū me ko lākou mau hoanoho a i ʻole i waena o lākou iho. He pūkaʻina koʻi mua ko lākou, me ka manaʻo o ka lalii i ka lalo, nā mea kanu, nā pōhaku a ... kekahi i kekahi. Nani maoli nō!
Aia kekahi aerator a me ka kānana i loko o ka aquarium, hānai ʻia me ka meaʻai ʻoihana ʻo "Sera" a hāʻawi i kekahi manawa i nā ʻikolikoli ʻoka. Kūleʻa lākou i ka aquarium. Ua hoihoi ka poʻe a pau i kipa mai iaʻu i ka inoa o kēia iʻa hanohano.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Nā pahi kaua (lat. Hirhorhorus)
- Astronotus (lat. ʻAstronotus)
- Turquoise acara (Andinoasara rivulatus)
# nānā 2
ʻO Lyaliusi nā iʻa labyrinth, a ʻo kēia ko lākou keu pono nui. Hiki i kēia mau iʻa ke hanu i ka ea lewa, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e kūʻai i kahi compressor. ʻO kaʻaʻahu o nā kāne, me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me nā turquoise, he nani loa a he maka hoʻi. No ka mālama ʻana, lawe i nā iʻa he nui (5-6) ma ka helu o 1 kāne no 2-3 mau wahine.
Pono ke alo o kahi kānana, a i kēlā me kēia 2 mau pule i ka aquarium pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka hapaha o ka wai. I ka ʻai pono, ʻaʻole capricious ka lalii, akā makemake nui lākou i ka meaʻai ola. He mau hoa aloha lākou me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. I koʻu manaʻo, maikaʻi loa ʻo lalius no ka poʻe hoʻomaka - he kumukūʻai a maʻalahi hoʻi ka iʻa e mālama.
