ʻO Kites (Milvinae) nā manu no ke ʻano Hawk a me ka ʻohana Hawk. I nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa, kapa ʻia nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia subfamily korshaks a me nā shuliks, a me nā korkuns.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka lupe
He manu lele nā manu lele, nani a luhi ʻole i ka lele ʻana, hiki ke lele i ka ākea o ka lani me ka ʻole o ka lele ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu no ka hapahā o ka hola... Piʻi kēlā mau manu i kahi kiʻekiʻe, hana paʻakikī loa e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i ka lani me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. Ma kona ʻano, palaualelo a lohi ka mea hulu manu.
Helehelena
Ua piʻi aku kahi manu manu nui i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hapalua mika, me ka awelika o ke kanaka makua ma waena o hoʻokahi kilogram. Lōʻihi a hāiki hoʻi nā ʻeheu, me kahi lōʻihi o a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka lupe e kahi nuku e like me ka lou a me nā wāwae pōkole. Hiki i nā plumage o kahi lupe ke loaʻa i nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole, akā ʻo ke kani a me nā kaniʻeleʻele ka mea nui.
Hoihoi ia! Ua like ka leo o ka lupe me nā mele melodic, akā i kekahi manawa ua lele ka manu o ka mea pio i nā kani haʻalulu a ʻano like ʻole hoʻi, hoʻomanaʻo ʻole i ka hoalauna o kahi lio lio ʻōpio.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
He manu neʻe nā Kites, akā ʻike ʻia kekahi mau pūʻulu e kahi nohona noho wale. Hana ʻia nā mokulele e nā ʻohana holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi mau ʻumikūmālua mau kānaka, kahi i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano laha ʻole i waena o nā mea ʻili hulu. No ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohana ʻia nā panalāʻau o nā ʻāina ʻApelika me ʻAsia mehana, i ʻike ʻia e nā kūlana aniau tropical.
He manu palaualelo ʻo Kites a palaualelo, a ma ko lākou ʻano ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia lākou e ka hanohano nui a i ʻole ka wiwo ʻole loa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā panalāʻau e nā manu no ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana, akā ua maʻa nā ʻano ʻohana hulu hulu i kahi hakakā paʻakikī no ko lākou ola. Ua koi ʻia nā mākua he nui e ʻimi i nā meaʻai na lākou a me kā lākou keiki ma kahi mamao aku, nā ʻāina ʻē, a pale pū hoʻi i kā lākou wahi i noho ʻia.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka nui a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manu, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻōniʻoniʻo o ka pūnana, a ʻaʻole hoʻonani nā mea hoʻoulu hulu nāwaliwali i kā lākou pūnana.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hoʻonani kahi lūlū mākua i kāna pūnana ponoʻī me nā ʻāpana ʻālohilohi a paʻa hoʻi a i ʻole nā ʻeke plastic, a me nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala ikaika e hiki ai i ka manu ke hōʻailona wale i kona ʻāina ponoʻī, akā e hoʻoweliweli hoʻi i nā hoanoho maikaʻi, e pale ana i kā lākou hoʻouka kaua.
Ehia mau kites e ola nei
ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o kahi manu o ka mea pio, ʻoiai ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka hapahā o ke kenekulia
ʻAno kite
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka subfamily nui o ke Kite e nā ʻohana he ʻehiku a ma kahi o ʻumikūmāhā mau ʻano:
- ʻO Brahmin Kite (Hoʻohui ʻĀina) He manu waena o ka manuʻai. Loaʻa i nā mākua i ka plumage nui ʻulaʻula a me ke poʻo keʻokeʻo a me ka umauma;
- ʻO Kite Whistler (Нliаstur sрhenurus) He mea ʻai i ka wanaʻao waena. He pale ke poʻo o ka manu makua, pouli melemele, umauma a me ka huelo, a me nā ʻeheu ʻeleʻele a me nā hulu mua ʻeleʻele;
- Lupe ʻeleʻele (Nā milenio milvus) He holoholona hulu manu o ka ʻohana hawk. ʻO ke kala o nā manu mākua e ke kua ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, kahi kalaunu keʻokeʻo me nā kaha kumu ʻeleʻele, nā huluhulu ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele kumu mua, a me kahi ʻaoʻao ventral brownish me kahi ʻulaʻula Hoʻopili kēia ʻano i nā ʻāpana: nā lūlū ʻEulopa (Milvus migans migrans), kite ʻeleʻele pepeiao ʻeleʻele (Milvus migrans lineatus), Lupe ʻĀnia liʻiliʻi (Milvus migans govinda) a me Taiwan kite (Milvus migans formosanus);
- Lupe ʻulaʻula (Milvus milvus) He manu waena o ka manuʻai. Hinahina hina ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka plumage ma ke kino, i ka huelo o luna a ma nā uhi āpau o kahi hue ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, me ke kū o nā hōʻailona pōuliuli i ka umauma;
- ʻO ka lupe Slug a i ʻole ka lupe slug lehulehu (Rostrhamus sosiabilis) He karnivora hulu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi genus kaʻawale a hoʻohālikelike ʻia e dimorphism i haʻi ʻia. Loaʻa i nā kāne he plumage lanahu-ʻeleʻele, kahi huelo bluish me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ākea. ʻUlaʻula nā pā a me nā maka. ʻEleʻele nā Wahine me nā kaha brownish. Aia kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka laha i ka hiʻona kūikawā o ka nuku lahilahi, nona ka nuku elongated a ʻike ʻia i nuku.
Eia kekahi, i ka poʻe ʻohana ʻohana Kites he mau ʻano like me ka Lupe Chernogrudym kanyukovym (Namirostra melanosternon), ka lupe ʻelua (Narragus bidentatus) ʻo Ryzhebokim lupe e ʻike ʻia (Narragus diodon), Lupe ʻo Misisipi (Istinia mississirriensis), kite ʻeleʻele (Istinia rlumbea) Lorhoictinia isura).
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Loaʻa ʻo Brahmin Kites ma ka mokuna ʻāina ʻo India, a ma ka Hikina Hema hoʻi ʻo ʻAsia a me ʻAukekulia. ʻO ka Whistler Kite kahi manu o nā ululāʻau e makemake e noho kokoke i ka wai. Noho nui nā kime ʻai slime i nā mākeke, kahi e noho ai lākou i mau hui he ʻeono a he ʻumi pālua. I kekahi manawa hiki i ka helu o kēlā me kēia kanaka i kahi kolone hiki i nā pālua he haneli.
ʻO ka lupe ʻeleʻele ka mea maʻamau ma ʻApelika, koe wale nō ka Sahara, a ma Madagascar kekahi, ma nā wahi mehana a me nā hema o ʻAsia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā manu o kēia ʻano a ma kekahi mau mokupuni, ma Lūkia a me Ukraine. I loko o ka Palaearctic, he manu lele nā manu lele, a ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka wahi pūnana no lākou i ka mahele o nā manu noho.
Hānau nā kites ʻEulopa ma waena, hikina a hema o ʻEulopa, a me ka hoʻoilo wale nō ma ʻApelika... ʻIke ʻia nā līlū pepeiao ʻeleʻele ma Siberia, a ʻo ka noho o ka Little India Kite e hōʻike ʻia e Pakistan hikina, tropical India a me Sri Lanka i ka Peninsula Malay.
ʻAiʻai Kite
ʻO nā manu lūlū, e noho nui nei ma nā wahi pohō a ma kahakai, he poʻe heʻe pinepine lākou, akā makemake i nā iʻa a me nā pāpaʻi. Mai kēlā manawa i kēia manawa, hiki i kēlā mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana subfamily ke hopu i nā opeapea a me nā hare, a e lawe pū hoʻi i nā mea pio mai kekahi mau manu ʻoki manuahi like ʻole. I kekahi manawa ʻai lākou i ka meli a luku i nā hives o nā nalo meli dwarf.
ʻAi ʻo Whistler kites i nā mea āpau a lākou i hiki ai ke hopu, e like me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā iʻa a me nā manu, nā amphibians a me nā mea kolo, a me nā ʻano ʻelala a me nā crustacea, akā ʻaʻole e hoʻowahāwahā i ke kino. ʻO ka lānai meaʻai wale nō kahi lupe e ʻai ana i ka lupe makua he mollusks, ke anawaena he 30-40 mm.
Hoihoi ia! Hopu aku ka lupe mea ʻai slug i kāna mea pio i ke kakahiaka nui a i ke ahiahi paha. Lawe ka manu i nā nīnū mai ka pūpū e hoʻohana ana i ka nuku lōʻihi a meli.
ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o ka nui, ʻaʻole ikaika ka lupe ʻulaʻula, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hulu manu ʻē aʻe, e like me nā buzzards. I ke kaʻina o ka hopu holoholona, lele ka manu i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a nānā i waho no ka pāʻani waena. Ke ʻike nei i kāna mea pio, hāʻule ka mea ʻaihue i lalo me he pōhaku lā, a laila hopu ʻo ia i ka mea pio me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi. ʻO ka mea o ka ʻimi holoholona pinepine nā mammals liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, amphibians a me nā mea kolo, a me nā ʻenuhe honua. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Carrion i meaʻai i kekahi manawa, ʻo ke koena hoʻi o nā hipa.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻokomo ʻo Brahmin i ka pūnana ma nā kumulāʻau like ʻole, akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke kūkulu i ko lākou pūnana ma lalo o nā mea kanu, pololei ma ka honua. Hōʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia paʻa e nā hua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo paha, a ʻo nā moa hatch ma hope o ʻehā mau pule. Hānai pū nā mākua i nā keiki.
ʻO nā pūnana manu Whistler e like me nā paepae nui i hana ʻia i nā lālā a kau ʻia me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻopau ʻia kēlā ʻano pūnana, a ma hope e hoʻohana ʻia ai e kekahi mau manu mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, a waiho ka wahine i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau hua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me nā kiko ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka hoʻopili ʻana ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina. ʻO nā keiki mua a kahi manu ʻulaʻula monogamous ʻike wale ʻia i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻehā makahiki paha. Kūkulu ʻia nā pūnana ma kahi kikola i nā kumulāʻau e like me ka ʻoka, linden a i ʻole pine, kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka honua. I loko o ka makahiki, hoʻokahi wale nō keiki e ʻike ʻia, i hoʻohū ʻia e ka wahine wale nō.
ʻO nā pūnana ʻai slug ma nā lipolipo ʻohe, nāhelehele a me nā lāʻau kūlia, a ʻo nā mokupuni hoʻi ma waena o nā kahawai. Palupalu loa ka pūnana o kēia ʻano, no laila luku pinepine ʻia e ka makani a me ka ua. Hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻehā paha hua manu o kahi kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo me nā kiko brownish. Hoʻokū ʻia e nā mākua ʻelua mau pule ma kahi o ʻehā mau pule. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā ʻikena e kahi wahine a me kahi kāne.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻOiai ʻo ka hiki i nā kipi Brahminian ke hoʻouka kaua i nā pūʻā a ʻoi aku nā mea ʻaihue nui, e like me nā ʻaeto, ʻo ia mau manu e ʻehaʻeha pinepine ʻia mai nā nīnū maʻamau o ka genus Kurodaya, Colroserhalum a me Degeriella. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kumu palena palena nui e hoʻopili i ka heluna kanaka ka luku ʻia o ka nohona kūlohelohe a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka lako o ka meaʻai.
I ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, nui ka nui o nā ʻenemi o nā kites, ʻo ka mea nui i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea ʻino nui aʻe. ʻOiai, ʻo ka hōʻino nui i ka heluna lehulehu o nā kites, kahi pūnana ma nā ʻāpana anthropogenic o ka ʻāina, ua hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻakaʻoki ʻia, e luku ana i nā pūnana me nā hua manu i nā pae mua o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana. ʻO nā hihia o marten predation a i ʻole weasel e aʻo maikaʻi ʻia.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole i ka helu holoʻokoʻa o nā manu predatory e like me nā kites he poʻe maoli ia. ʻO kahi manu liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻohana ʻohana e make ma nā laina uila me ka mana kiʻekiʻe. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻeha nui kekahi mau manu makua i ka lāʻau make me nā pūnao māʻamaʻama nui a me nā mea ʻawahia organophosphorus.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kuhi ka IUCN i ke kūlana o ka Brahmin Kite ma ke ʻano he ʻano hopohopo ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau ʻāpana o Java, ke emi mau nei ka nui o kēia ʻano.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka heluna o ka Whistler Kite ka mea e hopohopo iki ai, a ua heleleʻi loa ka heluna o nā Kite Red.
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka heleleʻi ʻana o ka manu i ka nui o ka manu ka alualu ʻana o ia mau manu e nā kānaka, ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā ʻāina i kūpono no ka pūnana ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hōʻike ʻia nā heluna kanaka ma ka ʻākau komohana komohana a me waena o ʻEulopa i kekahi mau hōʻailona o ke ola ʻana.
