ʻO Waxwing (Bombycilla) he manu ia no ka ʻohana monotypic o ka waxworms (Bombycillidae), a ʻo ia pū me nā ʻano ʻekolu. I kekahi mau manawa i hala aku nei, no nā ʻāpana Silk subfamily, akā i kēia manawa he ʻelele lākou no kahi ʻohana ʻokoʻa Ptilogonatidae.
Hōʻike waxwings
Waxwing - liʻiliʻi nā manu i ka nui, akā he kala ʻālohilohi a ʻike ʻia ke kala... I kēia lā, ʻeiwa mau ʻano i ʻike ʻia a wehewehe ʻia, e hana ana i ʻohana ʻelua: silky waxwings a me waxwings. Ma mua, ʻo kēia mau ʻano ʻeiwa a pau he lālā o ka ʻohana like. ʻO nā manu āpau mai ka papa Passerine a me ka ʻohana Wormwood ʻike ʻia e kahi hiʻohiʻona a nani loa, akā ʻaʻole i haʻi maopopo ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i loko o ia mau manu.
ʻO nā waxwings mele e like me ka trill iridescent troll "sviriri-ri-ri-ri" a i ʻole "sviriri-sviriri", kahi like loa me ke kani o ka ʻohe, ʻo ia ke kumu o kahi inoa ʻano ʻē o nā ʻano. ʻO ka lele o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana monotypic o ka waxwings pololei pololei a wikiwiki hoʻi.
Helehelena
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua ma mua o 18-23 cm, me ka awelika o 55-68 gram. ʻIke maopopo ʻia nā wana ma ke poʻo. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka hina hina, me nā ʻeheu ʻeleʻele, me nā kaha melemele a me nā keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka huelo, ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī a me ke kaʻe e hele ana ma waena o nā maka ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ka hulu lele lua ke ʻano o nā pā liʻiliʻi ʻulaʻula i maopopo ke ʻano ke ʻike wale ʻia. ʻO kahi kaha melemele e ʻike ʻia e holo ana ma ka lihi o ka huelo, a ma ka ʻeheu he kaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa kekahi mau ʻokoʻa kūwaho. ʻO ka Amur, a i ʻole Kepani waxwing (Bombysilla jaronise) kahi manu mele me kahi kino ma kahi o 15-16 cm ka lōʻihi. He poʻo ʻulaʻula o nā hulu huelo a me nā ʻeheu ʻulaʻula. ʻAmelika, a i ʻole nā waxwings kedera (Bombycilla cedrоrum) i kahi waihoʻoluʻu liʻiliʻi a nani hoʻi, a ʻo ka waxworm (Bombyсilla gаrrulus) kahi silky palupalu, ka hapanui o nā plumage ʻeleʻele me nā kaha ʻeleʻele a me nā melemele.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka molt mua i ka hāʻule ʻeleʻele-hina, me ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a ʻike ʻia ka hulu o ka moa e ka loaʻa ʻana o ka chestnut undertail a me ke kala melemele ulu i ka huelo a me nā ʻeheu.
He pōkole a he ākea hoʻi ka nuku o ka manu, e like me ka nuku o ka lele lele, me kahi manalima pololei a me kahi piko liʻiliʻi o ka mandible. Ikaika nā wāwae o ka manu, me nā māiʻuʻu i kāwili ʻia, i kūpono maikaʻi no ka hopu ʻana i nā lālā, akā ʻaʻole no ka neʻe wikiwiki. Pōkole ka huelo. Aia nā hulu huelo o ka lōʻihi like. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā ʻeheu o nā manu, me ka apex i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kolu o ka hulu mua a me ka hulu mua mua.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻO ka waxwing ka hapanui o nā hihia he manu noho maʻa mau, akā i ka wā o ka hoʻouluulu hana ʻana, makemake nā ʻelele o ka laha e mālama i nā ʻohana hipa nui, e neʻe ikaika aku nei i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi papa meaʻai nui. ʻO kēlā mau manu he hoʻokahi wale nō molt piha i ka makahiki, i ka poʻe mākua i ʻOkakopa a me Nowemapa. ʻOkoʻa nā manu ʻōpio i ka hoʻoheheʻe hapa ʻana, no laila, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻololi i kā lākou lole moa no nā hua hoʻoilo mua ma kahi o nā makahiki he 10 i hala o ke kauwela.
ʻO Kepakemapa hiʻohiʻona o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana monotypic o nā waxwings i kēia manawa e loaʻa i kahi kikoʻī o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele i ka ʻāʻī. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā o ka hāʻule mua, he plumage ʻokoʻa kuʻu wale mai ka manu, a me ka huelo a me nā hulu mua i loli a hiki i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o ka waxwing
ʻO ka waxwing kekahi o nā ʻohana pili loa o nā manu liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka awelika o ke ola o kēlā manu i kona wahi maoli ma kahi o ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki. Mālama pinepine ʻia ʻo Waxworms i ka lawe pio ʻana, akā ʻano liʻuliʻu ke ʻano o ia mau manu.... Me ka mālama pono i nā lula o ka mālama a me ka mālama ʻana, hiki i ke ola o ia peʻa mele ke holo ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka Amur, a i ʻole ka Kepani waxwing, he kupa o ka ʻĀkau hikina o ʻAsia. I ko mākou ʻāina, ʻano maʻamau ia mau manu ma ka ʻāina o ka Amur Region a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Primorye. No ka hoʻoilo, neʻe ka huakaʻi Kepani i Iapana a me Korea, a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau hikina o Kina. ʻO ka ʻAmelika, a i ʻole ka wili lāʻau kedera, noho ia i nā ulu lāʻau ākea o Kanada a me ka ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o ʻAmelika.
ʻO ka wahi hoʻoilo o nā manu e ākea a hoʻonui ʻia i ka hema loa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a lele nā wana i nā wahi hema o Ukraine, ka ʻāina o ka Crimea, ka North Caucasus a me ka Transcaucasus. ʻIke pinepine ʻia i ke kahawai o ka muliwai Volga a me ka waha o nā Ural, ma ka palena o Turkmmenistan a me Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, a me Kazakhstan a me Kyrgyzstan.
Hoihoi ia! Hōʻike nui ʻia ka biotope e nā wahi coniferous a me birch o ka ululāʻau-tundra a i ʻole taiga, nona ka pine a me ka spruce, birch, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka wili ʻo Siberia i ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka pūnana i waena o ka ululāʻau larch.
Ua pālahalaha nui ka waxwing ma ka wao nahele taiga o ka Hemolele ʻĀkau. Noho nā manu o kēia ʻohana ma ka panalāʻau o sparse conifers a me nā wao nahele huikau, i nā mauna ulu, a i nā ʻākea hoʻi. Lawe ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o nā manu i ka hema i nā wahi āpau ʻaʻole ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu anu a i ʻole ka hau hau.
ʻAneʻane ma nā wahi āpau e waiho ai ko lākou ʻāina ʻōiwi ma mua o ka waena o ka mahina mua o ka hāʻule. ʻIke ʻia nā pūʻulu manu nui mai ka hāʻule a ka hapa mua o ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka pūnāwai i ka ʻākau, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hoʻokō ʻia i nā hipa liʻiliʻi.
ʻAiʻai waxwing
ʻO Amur, a i ʻole nā waxwings Kepanī, hānai nui i nā meaʻai mea kanu e like me nā hua a me nā hua. I ka pūnāwai, ʻo ia mau manu waena e hoʻohana i nā ʻōpuʻu mea kanu no ka meaʻai, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka papaʻai maʻamau o ka manu me nā ʻano ʻelala pōʻino āpau. ʻO nā manu e mālama pinepine ʻia i nā pūʻulu nui, hopu pinepine i nā pepelu i ka lele, ʻai pū nō hoʻi i nā lū a me nā wana mea kanu ʻōpio.
Mai nā hua berry kauwela, makemake nā manu i ka viburnum, ka lingonberry a me ka mistletoe. ʻAi pū nā manu i ka hawthorn, nā hua ʻāpana Siberian, juniper, rosehip a me ka buckthorn. I ke kau anuanu hoʻoilo, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pūʻulu manu i nā wahi noho ma ka waena waena o ko mākou ʻāina, kahi e hānai ai lākou i nā hua rowan.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO ka waxwing maʻamau, ka mea maʻa mau i nā wahi nui a me nā biotopes ʻokoʻa, nā pūnana ma nā ulu lāʻau ākea, ma nā lāʻau oʻo.... Hiki i nā manu ke oo i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki hoʻokahi. ʻO ka wā hoʻouluulu ikaika mai Mei a Iulai. Ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o nā kumulāʻau, kūkulu nā manu makua i kahi pūnana pola. No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pūnana hilinaʻi, hoʻohana nā manu i ka mauʻu, ka lauoho, ka limu a me nā lālā o nā conifers. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pā ma ka pūnana me ka laikini palupalu a palupalu hoʻi me ka ʻili birch, a i kekahi manawa aia nā nila kedera i ka pā. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāina o ka lihi o ka nahele no ka pūnana ʻana, kokoke i nā kino wai a me nā hui pūnana ʻē aʻe.
I kēlā me kēia makahiki ke ʻimi nei ka waxwing i hoa hou. ʻO ka hoʻāo o ke kāne no ka wahine pū kekahi i ka hānai ʻana i kāna hua hua. Hoʻomoe ka wahine mai ʻehā a i ʻeono mau hua o ke kala hina hina hina me nā ʻōniʻoniʻo poni ʻeleʻele. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia ka hoʻomoe hua manu e ka wahine no ʻelua mau pule. I kēia manawa, mālama ka kāne i ka meaʻai, a hiki ke pani ʻia e nā ʻeleka a me nā hua o nā hua berry. Kūʻokoʻa ke keiki i hānau ʻia ma hope o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha pule.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ʻAukake ka manawa no ka hoʻonui ākea o ka hānai ʻana i nā moa āpau i hānau ʻia i kēia makahiki i ka ʻēheu a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi pūʻulu hoʻoilo.
ʻO Amur, a i ʻole Kepani waxwings pūnana i loko o larch a me nā lāʻau ulu lāʻau kedera, a me ka wā hānau i kahi o ka hoʻoilo. No ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, kūkulu ka wahine o kēia laha i kahi pūnana liʻiliʻi, a ma ke ʻano he kūlana, aia ma nā lālā waho lahilahi o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻopiha ka wahine i ka pūnana i hoʻopau ʻia me nā olonā mea kanu. Aia i loko o kēlā paʻa ke paʻa mai ʻelua a ʻehiku mau huamoa o ke kala polū hina. ʻO ke kaʻina hana brooding mau ma ka awelika hoʻokahi pule, a hiki ke hala ka manawa o ka brood ma kahi o 16-24 mau lā. ʻO nā manu ʻelua ma ka pālua e hānai i nā keiki lū.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā melebird waxwing i kēia lā ke kumu o nā meaʻai i makemake nui ʻia no nā holoholona hihiu he nui a me nā manu o nā holoholona, no laila he ʻano koʻikoʻi nā manu e like me ia i ka lālau ʻai maoli. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻenemi nui o ka waxwings e martens, weasels and hawks, muries a me nā ʻalalā, a me nā pueo.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana nui o nā laha kahi waihoʻoluʻu pale, no laila lilo pinepine nā manu ʻelemakule i mea pio na ka mea ʻaihue, a ʻai nui ʻia nā hua manu e nā ʻelele o nā mustelid a me nā squirrels.
ʻO nā manu liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ʻekolu mau ʻano o ka ʻohana monotypic o ka waxwings e luku pinepine i nā ʻano mea ʻino āpau, a pale pono hoʻi i ka piʻi nui o ko lākou lehulehu. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka waxwings kekahi o nā mea hāʻawi i nā hua maoli o nā mea kanu he nui a hāʻawi i ka hoʻolaha nui ʻana o kekahi mau mea kanu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO kekahi ʻano o nā waxwings i ʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i kēia manawa, akā e like me ka IUCN, nui ka lehulehu o ia mau manu, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻopilikia i waena o nā ʻepekema. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ka Amur waxwing i loko o nā ʻaoʻao o ka Red Book.
ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia laha i kōkua ʻia e ka hopu pio ʻole ʻia o kēlā me kēia kanaka e lele i ka hoʻoilo ma Kina, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ia mau manu e hoʻomākaukau i nā kīʻaha like ʻole a i mālama ʻia hoʻi e like me nā holoholona hulu manu hoʻonaninani.
