Kupa kēia songbird nani ma kahi mamao loa i nā ʻāina ʻē. Maʻalea ka nūnū polū, nosy a me nā mea noʻeau kupanaha - maʻalahi me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā leo, hoʻolalelale i ka manaʻo o nā manu ʻē aʻe mai ka meaʻai i ʻike ʻia.
Ka wehewehe o ka jay polū
ʻO ka manu, me ka Steller Black-poʻo ʻo Blue Jay, ʻo ia ka genus Cyanocitta (blue jays), kahi lālā o ka ʻohana Corvidae.... ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ka laha kahi lōʻihi, polu polū polū, ma muli o ka manu i kapa ʻia he polū a poni ʻia, a i ʻole, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka laulā, ka jay ʻAkau ʻAmelika Hema.
Helehelena
Ma muli o ka dimorphism moekolohe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, akā ʻaʻole pili ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne i ka waihoʻoluʻu - ʻo ka plumage luna o nā kāne a me nā wahine i hoʻolei i ke aniani uliuli.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka poʻe e paʻa ana i ka jay i ko lākou mau lima e ʻōlelo ana he kala polū wale nō ke kala polū. Hoʻopili ke kukui i ke ʻano o loko o ka hulu, e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi ʻōuli polū e mae ke lele ka hulu.
Ulu aʻe nā jays polū mākua i 25-29 knm (me ka huelo e like me 11-13 cm), me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonui ʻana ma mua o 70-100 g. ʻO ka ʻēheu o kahi jay polū e hoʻokokoke ana iā 34-43 kenimika. ʻO ka polu, he uliuli a polū ʻuliʻula paha. Ua pena ʻeleʻele nā hulu ma lalo o ka tuft. ʻO ka umauma, ka nuku a me ka outline puni e pili ana i nā maka i pena ʻia i ke kala like. ʻO ka ʻāʻī, nā pāpālina a me ka lalo o ke kino keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Ua pena keʻokeʻo ʻia nā kihi o ka huelo, me nā kiko keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻeheu / huelo. He huelo uliuli a me ka hulu lele o ka jay ʻAmelika Hema, i hele aʻe i nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele transverse. He maka ʻeleʻele a hinuhinu hoʻi ko ka manu, ʻūhā poʻohiwi nā wāwae a me ka nuku ikaika, a maʻalahi ia e māhele i nā hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka pūpū paʻakikī.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Ua hoʻomākeʻaka ʻo Mark Twain e kapa ʻia nā jays polū he manu wale nō no ka mea he plumage lākou a ʻaʻole hele i ka hale pule. Inā ʻole, ʻano like lākou me nā poʻe: hoʻopunipuni pū lākou, hoʻohiki a hoʻopunipuni i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ka jay polū i ka uē nui o kahi ʻio e pale aku i kāna mau mea hoʻokūkū meaʻai, e like me ka Florida bush jays, woodpeckers, starling, a me nā squirrels hina, mai ka mea hānai nahele. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lōʻihi kēia maʻa: ma hope o ka manawa pōkole, hoʻi hou nā hoa noho alakaʻi hewahewa.
Loaʻa kahi ola kaiaulu Crother jays, ka mea i kaupalena ʻole ʻia i nā ʻuniona hui. Hoʻohui ʻia, hana nā manu i nā hui ʻohana a i nā ʻohana hipa liʻiliʻi paha, e kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi ma ka leo a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo kino, a i ʻole, me ke kōkua o kā lākou nani nani. ʻO nā hulu o ka piko, kuhikuhi i mua, haʻi e pili ana i ke kahaha a pīhoihoi paha, e pili ana i ka huhū i hōʻiliʻili ʻia - kona kūlana kū i luna.
Ke makaʻu, puff ka puʻu e like me ka palaki holoi ipu... ʻO ka jay polū ka onomatopoeic hope loa. Aia i loko o kāna waihona hīmeni hīmeni nā leo he nui, i lohe ʻia i ke ʻano, mai nā mele mālie a i ka nuku o kahi pauma pala.
Hiki i ka jay ke wīwī, ʻūʻū keu (e hoʻohālike i nā manu lele), hoʻohālike i nā bele e kani ana, ʻūlū ʻana (ke aʻo ʻana i ka pilikia), ka hae ʻana, ka ʻānai ʻana a me ke kahe ʻana paha. E aʻo koke kahi jay i hīnaʻi ʻia e hoʻopuka i ka ʻōlelo kanaka. ʻAʻole hoʻolaha wale ʻo Jays i nā poʻe noho nahele e pili ana i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka ʻenemi: hui pinepine nā manu e hoʻouka iā ia me kahi alo.
Mai Iulai a Kepakemapa, molt jays ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa makua, me nā holoholona ʻōpio ka molt mua i ka hopena o ke kauwela. I ka wā hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, like lākou me nā manu he nui, hoʻonohonoho i kahi kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia he anting: ʻauʻau lākou i ka anthill a i ʻole nā mea i lalo o kā lākou hulu. Pēlā e pakele ai nā manu i nā parasites. ʻO ka hapanui o nā jay polū e noho ana ma ka ʻākau o nā laha e lele i ka hoʻoilo i nā wahi hema. No nā mokulele, hana mau ʻia ma mua o ka pōʻeleʻele, ʻākoakoa nā manu i ka nui (a i 3 tausani mau kānaka) a me nā liʻiliʻi (5-50 kanaka) hipa.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai nā jay polū?
ʻO ke ola o nā jays ʻAmelika Hema mai 10 a 18 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho ʻo Blue jays ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika ʻAkau, noho ka nui i nā wahi hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada. ʻO ka laulā o ka jay crested, i kapa ʻia ʻo Blue Jay i ka homeland, a hiki i ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Mekiko. I ke komohana o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻo ka wahi noho o ka jay polū e pili kokoke ana i ka laulā o kahi ʻano e pili ana, ʻo ka Steller ʻeleʻele poʻo jay polū.
I kēia manawa, wehewehe ʻia nā ʻāpana 4 o ka jay crest, ʻokoʻa, me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e ka wahi o kā lākou hāʻawi ʻana.
- Cyanocitta cristata bromia - noho iā Newfoundland, Northern Canada, North Dakota, Missouri a me Nebraska;
- Cyanocitta cristata cyanotephra - Loaʻa ma Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming, Colorado, Oklahoma, a me Texas;
- Cyanocitta cristata cristata - noho ma Kentucky, Virginia, Missouri, Tennessee, North Carolina, Florida, Illinois a me Texas;
- Cyanocitta cristata semplei - noho i nā ʻākau o Florida.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka American jay e noho i loko o nā ululāʻau deciduous, ʻoi aku ka pinepine i ka mix (ʻoka a me ka beech), akā i kekahi manawa, keu hoʻi ma ke komohana o ka laulā, noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā ulu lāʻau pine maloʻo. ʻAʻole makaʻu ka jay i nā kānaka a kānalua ʻole i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana i nā wahi noho, kahi e waiho ai nā pāka a me nā māla. ʻO nā manu e noho ana i ka ʻākau o ka laulā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ko lākou ʻohana "hema".
Papaʻai jay polū
ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana o ka jay crest e hōʻike ai i kona omnivorousness, impudence (lawe aku ia i ka meaʻai mai nā manu ʻē aʻe) a me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka inaina (ʻai ia i ke kino).
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka jay polū nā mea kanu ʻelua (a hiki i 78%) a me nā meaʻai holoholona (22%):
- nā ʻākela a me nā hua;
- na anoano a me na huaai;
- hua nut
- ʻūhini a me nā ʻenuhe;
- nā nalo, nā nananana a me nā centipedes;
- nā moa a me nā hua manu;
- nāʻiole, nā rana a me nā moʻo.
ʻO Jays e noho ma ka home no ka hoʻoilo i nā meaʻai ma ka pahu ʻana i nā ʻākala / nā hua ma lalo o ka ʻili a i nā lau i hāʻule, a me ke kanu ʻana i ka lepo.
Hoihoi ia! I hoʻokahi manawa, hiki i ka manu ke lawe i ʻelima acorn i ka hale hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, ʻekolu o ia mea e paʻa ai i ka hua, ʻo ka hā i kona waha, a ʻo ka ʻelima i kona nuku. I ka wā o ka hāʻule, ʻohi kahi jay polū a 3-5,000 ʻeka.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ke kau moʻo ke hiki mai ka mehana i ka nahele: ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka pae, ʻo Mei-Iune paha ia. I nā manu hema, hana ʻia ka hānau ʻana i ʻelua mau manawa o ka makahiki. I loko o kēia wā, hoʻomaha ka leo o ka leo walaʻau no ka hāʻawi ʻole i ka predator i ko lākou wahi moe. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnana e nā mākua ʻelua, e haki ana i nā koʻokoʻo e hele pololei ana i ke kino mai nā lāʻau ulu. Noho ʻia ka pūnana i ka manamana i nā lālā pili o nā lāʻau coniferous / deciduous ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3-10 m.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Manu ʻākala
- Manu Robin a i ʻole robin
- ʻO Siskin (lat. Carduelis spinus)
- ʻO Finch (Fringílla coélebs)
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kiʻikuhi (a 20 cm i ke anawaena a hiki i 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe) me nā aʻa a me nā lālā, i loaʻa i nā jays kokoke, i nā ʻauwai a me ka pili o nā kumulāʻau. ʻO ka "simen" pinepine nā manu i nā mea kūkulu hale me ka honua a i ʻole ka pālolo, e uhi ana i ka lalo me ka lichen, ka hulu hipa, ka mauʻu, nā lau, ka pepa a me nā ʻāpala.
Ma mua o ka paʻa ʻana o ka pūnana nui, kūkulu ʻia he mau jays hou aʻe - ʻo kēia kahi ʻāpana o ka hana moʻo male. ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe o ke aloha ʻana i ka wahine kāna hānai ʻana. Noho ʻo ia ma ka lālā, hoʻohālike i ka moʻo pōloli, a ʻae i ka meaʻai mai kahi kāne e lele ana i ona lā.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻomoe ka wahine mai 2 a 7 mau hua (melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole bluish me nā kiko ʻalani), hoʻouluulu iā lākou no 16-18 mau lā. Hiki i ka jay polū ke haʻalele i ka pūnana mau loa inā ʻike ʻia e kahi mea ʻino.
ʻAʻole kōkua a makapō nā keiki hānau hou. ʻAʻole hānai a mālama wale nā mākua iā lākou, akā hoʻomehana pū kekahi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻi iā lākou. I ka lima o ka lā, hāmama nā moa i ko lākou mau maka, i ka walu, haki ka hua mua.
Lele aku ka makuahine i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ke 8-12 mau lā o ke keiki... I hoʻokahi lā a ʻekolu paha ma mua o ka haʻalele kūʻokoʻa, ua hele mua nā moa ma nā lālā, akā ʻaʻole haʻalele i ka pūnana ma mua o 4.5 m. Haʻalele ka pua i ka pūnana makua no 17-21 mau lā, ʻaʻole neʻe ma mua o 20 m. makua a hiki i ka hāʻule, hoʻopau loa i nā pilina ʻohana e ka hoʻoilo.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻalalā nunui a me nā pueo nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā jay polū.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
He mea maikaʻi nā jays ʻAmelika Hema e ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā meaola ulu lāʻau (Mei beetles, weevils a me nā ʻenuhe) a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano / acorn. Akā nui ka ʻino o kēia mau manu - luku lākou i nā pūnana o nā manu liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e ʻoki ana i kā lākou mau hua a pepehi i nā moa.
Ua papa inoa ka International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red Book i ka jay polū e like me "ka lāhui hopohopo liʻiliʻi", ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia i ka makaʻu.
