ʻO ke keʻa marble (Araneus marmoreus) no ka papa arachnids.
Hoʻokaʻina o ke keʻa kinikini.
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ke keʻa kinikini ma nā moku ʻo Nearctic a me Palaearctic. Hoʻonui ʻia kona wahi a puni ʻo Kanada a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a hiki i ka hema a Texas a me ke Kai Kūʻono. Noho pū kēia ʻano ma ʻEulopa a me ka ʻākau o ʻAsia, a ma Rūsia hoʻi.
ʻO ka nohona o ke keʻa kinikini.
Loaʻa nā keʻa marble i nā ʻano nohona like ʻole, e like me nā ululāʻau deciduous a me coniferous, a me nā mauʻu, nā ʻāina mahiʻai, nā māla, nā peatlands, nā kahawai, a me nā wahi kaiāulu a me nā kahiki. Noho lākou ma nā ululāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau e ulu ana ma ka lihi o ka ululāʻau, a kokoke i nā wahi noho kanaka, a ʻike ʻia i nā pahu leta.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o ke keʻa kinikini.
He ʻōpū ʻōiwi o ke keʻa kinikini. ʻO ka nui o nā wahine i ʻoi aku ka nui, mai ka 9.0 a i ka 18.0 mm ka lōʻihi a me ka 2.3 - 4.5 mm i ka laulā, a ʻo nā kāne he 5.9 - 8.4 mm a mai 2.3 a 3.6 mm ka laulā. ʻO ka kea ke kinikini he polymorphic a hōʻike i kahi ʻano o nā kala a me nā lauana. ʻElua ʻano, "marmoreus" a me "pyramidatus", i ʻike nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa.
ʻO nā morph ʻelua he ʻeleʻele a ʻalani paha i ke kala i ka cephalothorax, ʻōpū a me nā wāwae, ʻoiai nā wēlau o ko lākou mau lālā i ʻōniʻoniʻo, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele hoʻi. ʻO ka formation "marmoreus" he keʻokeʻo, melemele a ʻalani hoʻi, me kahi ʻano ʻeleʻele, hina a keʻokeʻo paha. E hoʻoholo ana kēlā ʻano hoʻohālike i ka inoa kinikini. ʻIke ʻia nā spider o ke ʻano "pyramidatus" e kahi ʻōpū māmā me kahi kiko ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka hopena. Aia kekahi kala waena ma waena o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua. Moe nā hiʻohiʻona marble i nā hua hua ʻalani 1,15 mm. ʻOkoʻa ka crosspiece marble mai nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka genus Araneus e kāna mau kakalaioa kūikawā ma nā lālā.
Ke kope ʻana i ke keʻa kinikini.
Hāpai nā keʻa marble i ka hopena o ke kauwela. ʻAʻole loaʻa iki ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā keʻa kinikini. ʻIke nā kāne i kahi wahine ma kāna pūnaewele punawelewele, hōʻike lākou i ko lākou helehelena e ka haʻalulu. Hoʻopā ke kāne i mua o ke kino o ka wahine a paʻi i kona mau lālā ʻoiai ʻo ia e kau nei ma ka pūnaewele. Ma hope o ka hālāwai ʻana, uhi ke kāne i ka wahine me kona mau lālā a hoʻoili i ka sperm me kāna pedipalps. Pāleʻa nā kāne i nā manawa he nui. I kekahi manawa ʻai ka wahine i ke kāne ma hope koke o ka moʻo mua ʻana, eia naʻe, hoʻouka ʻo ia i kāna hoa i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka wā o ka noho aloha ʻana a me ka hana male ʻana. Ma muli o ka male ʻana o nā kāne i nā manawa he nui, hiki ʻole i ka cannibalism ke koʻikoʻi nui no nā keʻa ʻōpala.
Ma hope o ka male ʻana i ka hopena o ke kauwela, hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua manu i nā cocoons punawelewele.
I hoʻokahi o nā paʻa lima, ua loaʻa nā hua he 653; ua hōʻea ke kōkō i 13 mm ke anawaena. Moe i ka hibernate hua i loko o nā ʻeke kolo a hiki i ka puna aʻe. I ke kauwela, ʻike ʻia nā punawelewele ʻōpio, hele lākou i nā pae o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a lilo i like me nā nananana makua. Noho nā mākua mai Iune a Kepakemapa, ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, make lākou i ka hāʻule. ʻAʻole pale ʻia nā hua i hoʻomoe ʻia i loko o ka spider's cocoon, a ʻaʻohe mālama kēia ʻano spider i nā pua. Hāʻawi ka wahine i ka pale i kāna mau keiki ma ka ulana ʻana i kahi kōʻe. Ke ʻike ʻia nā kolo nunui i ka puna o kēia makahiki e hiki mai ana, hoʻomaka koke lākou i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa a ulana i kahi pūnaewele, pili pono kēia mau hana. Ma muli o ka make koke ʻana o nā spider makua ma hope o ka male ʻana, ʻo ke ola ʻana o nā nananana marble ma kahi o 6 mau mahina.
Ka hana o ke keʻa kinikini.
Hoʻohana nā keʻa marble i ka hana "laina ʻelua" e hana i kahi upena hei. Huki lākou i ke kaula o ka poutine i loaʻa mai nā ʻelua silika i loaʻa ma ka wēlau o ka ʻōpū a iho i lalo. I kekahi manawa ma ka iho ʻana, hoʻopili ʻia ka laina ʻelua i ke kumu. Hoʻi pinepine nā kolo i ka laina nui e hoʻomau i ka ulana ʻana.
ʻO ka ʻupena lawaiʻa, ma ke ʻano he rula, hoʻopili ʻia i nā wili paʻa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kahi wili i nā pae radial.
Hoʻopili nā keʻa marble me kā lākou cobwebs i nā piko o nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe. Ulana lākou i nā pūnaewele i ke kakahiaka, a hoʻomaha mau i ka lā, e noho iki ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka hei i haku ʻia i waena o nā lau a i ʻole ka limu. I ka wā o ka pō, noho nā spider marble i waenakonu o ka ʻupena a kali no ka pili ʻana o ka mea pio i ka ʻupena. ʻO nā hua wale nō i loko o nā ʻeke ʻūlū e hoʻopili i nā keʻa ʻōpala, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā spider makua make ma mua o ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai i kekahi mau manawa ke hana nei nā keʻa ʻōpala i ka hoʻoilo i nā wahi anuanu e like me Sweden.
Loaʻa i nā spider nā mechanoreceptors ma ke ʻano o ka tactile sensilla - nā huluhulu maʻalahi ma nā lālā e hiki ai ke ʻike ʻaʻole wale nā haʻalulu o ka pūnaewele, akā e hoʻoholo pū nō hoʻi i ke ala o ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea i loaʻa i ka ʻupena. ʻAe kēia i nā keʻa kinikini e ʻike i ke kaiapuni ma o ka paʻi ʻana. ʻIke pū lākou i ka neʻe ʻana o nā kahe o ka ea. Aia nā keʻa marble i nā kemoreceptors ma ko lākou mau wāwae e hana i nā hana o ka honi a me ka ʻike kemika. E like me nā kolo ʻē aʻe, hūnā nā wahine o ka genus Araneus i nā pheromones e ʻumeʻume i nā kāne. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pā o kekahi kanaka i ka wā o ka moʻa ʻana, hōʻike ke kāne i ke aloha ʻana me ka hahau ʻana i ka wahine me kona mau lālā.
Nutr o ke keʻa kinikini.
Keʻa hele ʻo Marble i nā mea kolo. Ulana lākou i nā pūnaewele punawelewele a hoʻonohonoho i nā pae paʻa i kahi wili. Mālama ka ʻupena kūpili i ka mea pio a nā ʻōpala e holo ai, e ʻike ana i ka haʻalulu o nā pae. ʻO ke kumu, ʻai nā keʻa kinikini i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi a i 4 mm ka nui. Loaʻa pinepine nā Lunamakaʻāinana o Orthoptera, Diptera a me Hymenoptera i nā punawelewele. I ke ao, ma kahi o 14 mau lele kolo e hāʻule ana i ka hei o ka punawelewele.
ʻO ke kuleana kaiaolaola o ke keʻa marble.
I nā kaiaolaola, hoʻoponopono nā keʻa ʻōpala i ka helu o nā mea hoʻomake insect, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Diptera a me Hymenoptera e paʻa pinepine ʻia i nā pahele. Nui nā ʻano nalo o nā nū - nā parasites i hopu ʻia i nā keʻa kinikini. ʻ wasʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo a me nā ipuhao pā palolo i nā kolo keleawe me ko lākou onaona. A laila kauō lākou iā lākou i loko o kā lākou pūnana a hoʻomoe i nā hua i loko o ke kino o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia. Hānai ka larvae i ka mea pio lōlō i loaʻa, ʻoiai ke ola nei ka nananana. ʻO nā manu insectivorous, e like me ka pendulo ma ʻEulopa, i pio i nā nananana i hele ʻia.
Kūlana mālama
ʻAʻohe kūlana mālama kūikawā ʻo nā ʻāpana marble.
