ʻO ka ʻiole ʻo Prague a i ʻole ratlik (Czech Pražský krysařík, English Prague Ratter) kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi o ka ʻīlio, no Czech Republic. Wahi a ke kūlana laha, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻīlio liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua, ʻokoʻa i ke kūlana Chihuahua, ʻaʻole e wehewehe i kona kiʻekiʻe ma nā mae wale, ke kaupaona wale nō.
Mōʻaukala o ka lāhui
Malia paha ʻo ka Prague rat-rat ka lā hānau mua loa ma Czech Republic. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā kumuwaiwai kahiko. ʻO ka inoa o ka lāhui mai ka Kelemania "die Ratte" (ʻiole) a hōʻike i ke kumu o ka lāhui - hopu iole.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi mau ʻiole i paʻa i ko lākou ʻano hunter a hiki i kēia lā, ʻaʻohe mea nāna lākou e hoʻohana ma ke ʻano he exentminator rodent.
Eia kekahi, ʻo kēlā mau ʻiole a mākou e ʻike nei i kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻoi loa o ka hakakā ma mua o nā ʻiole o ka Middle Ages. ʻAʻole nō i kūpuna nāʻiole o ka ʻiole iʻa me lākou, no ka mea he iole hina kēia a pasyuk (lat. Rattus norvegicus), a laila kahi ʻiole ʻeleʻele (lat. Rattus rattus) i noho ma ʻEulopa.
Noho ka ʻiole ʻeleʻele i loko o nā hale papaʻa, kahi e ʻai wale ai i ka palaoa, akā ua hana kūpono ʻole ʻia ia no ka meaʻai, ʻawahia ia me kāna ʻōpala. Eia kekahi, he mau halihali lākou i ka maʻi ahulau, nā wahi i hōʻino ai i nā kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa i ka wā waena.
Heʻuʻuku nā pōpoki i kēlā mau lā, a ʻaʻole like ke ʻano iā lākou me ke ʻano o kēia mau lā. No laila, ua hoʻohana nā kamaʻāina i nā ʻīlio i mea hopu iole. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaneʻane pili nā pae āpau o kēlā manawa i ka ʻiole ʻio. Inā ʻole, mālama ʻole ʻia ka ʻīlio, pono e hana i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana berena.
Ma nā panalāʻau o Bohemia o kēia manawa, ua hana ʻia kēia e nā koa. ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou ke ʻano o ko lākou ʻano i kēlā manawa, ua like paha lākou me nā ʻīlio o kēia au. ʻOiai ka lā hilinaʻi o ka helehelena o ka laha paʻakikī e ʻōlelo. Akā, i ka manawa o ka puka a kaulana o nā pōpoki ma ʻEulopa (ma kahi o ka 15th kenekulia), ua lawelawe nā ʻiole i ka poʻe ma kahi o 800 mau makahiki.
Wahi a nā mōʻaukala, he ʻīlio noho mālie lākou, ʻeleu a maʻalahi hoʻi. I loko o nā hale aliʻi a me nā hale kennels mālama ʻia lākou me nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe: hounds, greyhounds No laila pono i nāʻiole e aʻo pehea e launa ai, inā ʻaʻole lākou e ola i nā hakakā.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo mua o ka lāhui i loaʻa i nā moʻolelo o Einhard (770-840), kahi ʻepekema a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo Frankish. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia iā lākou ma ke ʻano he makana mai ke keiki aliʻi Czech ʻo Lech. He mea kūpono ia e haʻi aku ʻaʻole paha he inoa ʻo Lech, akā he ʻōlelo mahalo i kahi kanaka hanohano. Ua hāʻawi ka mōʻī i nā warliks i makana na Emperor Charles ka Mea Mua.
ʻ mentionlelo nā kumuwaiwai Polani ʻelua mau ʻīlio ʻē aʻe o Czech i noho pū me King Boleslav the Bold. Ua kākau ka mea kākau o ka moʻolelo Polani kahiko loa, ʻo Gall Anonymous, ua hoʻomana ʻo Boleslav i kēia mau ʻīlio, akā ʻōlelo ʻo ia he haole, he lāhui Czech.
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻike hou aʻe ma hope, ma nā kumu Farani. Hōʻike ʻo Jules Michelet iā lākou i loko o kāna puke ʻo Histoire de France. ʻEkolu mau ʻīlio i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mōʻī Czech ʻo Charles IV, ka French Charles V. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka mea i hana ʻia i ke kolu o nā ʻīlio, akā ua hoʻoilina ʻia nā keiki ʻelua a Charles VI.
Ma muli o kāna kumu hana, ua hiki i ka lāhui ke ola i ka emi ʻana o ka Middle Ages, aʻa i waena o ka lehulehu. Na ka Renaissance, aia nō ia, eia kekahi, neʻe ia mai nā hale aliʻi i nā hale aliʻi. Ma kahi o ka ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o nā moʻolelo, hōʻike ʻia nā warlik i kēia manawa i nā kiʻi pena me nā hoa o nā aliʻi.
Ma ke kenekulia 19, ua hāʻule ka hoihoi i ka pua ma ke kua o ka Miniature Pinschers kaulana loa a laila. ʻO ka mua a me ka lua o nā Kaua Honua Honua i hoʻopau hope loa i ka hoihoi i ka laha. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Cynologists T. Rotter lāua ʻo O. Karlik e hoʻāla hou i ka lāhui, akā aia ka Czech Republic ma lalo o ke aupuni Soviet a ua nalowale nā puke kau bipi.
Ua hoʻomaka ka ala hou ʻana o ka lāhui i kona homeland ma 1980, akā a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia aʻe ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma waho o ka ʻāina. I kēia lā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli ʻia, akā liʻiliʻi ka heluna kanaka.
Aia ma kahi o 6,000 mau ʻīlio, a ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka lāhui e ka FCI. Loaʻa i ka ʻiole ka makemake nui ʻia ma ka home a ma nā ʻāina o ka USSR mua.
Wehewehe
Huikau pinepine lākou me Chihuahuas a i ʻole Miniature Pinschers. He ʻīlio lokomaikaʻi lākou, wīwī, me nā wāwae lōʻihi a lahilahi a me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. Pōkole ke kino, ʻaneʻane huinahā. Pololei ka huelo. He lokomaikaʻi ke poʻo, ʻano like me ka pear, me nā maka ʻeleʻele a puka.
Pōkole ka waha, me kahi kū ʻokoʻa. Ma kahi maloʻo, hiki lākou i 20-23 knm, kaupaona ʻia mai 1.5 a 3.6 kg, akā kaupaona maʻamau ma kahi o 2.6 kg.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka lāhui kona kala: ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, me nā kiko ma ka maka, ka umauma a me nā wāwae. 'Ālohilohi ke kapa, pōkole, kokoke i ke kino.
ʻAno
Ua noho nā ʻiole ʻo Prague ma kahi o ke kanaka ma kahi o 1000 mau makahiki. A inā ʻaʻole lākou he kūoʻo, ʻeleu a nani hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e kūleʻa.
Hoʻopili hohonu kēia mau ʻīlio liʻiliʻi i kā lākou mau mea nona, akā he ʻano ponoʻī kā lākou. Makemake lākou i nā pāʻani, ka hana, i ka hui pū ʻana o ka poʻe a makemake ʻole i ka luhi a me ka mehameha.
ʻOiai ka nui o ka nui, ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia nā kauoha a ua hala ka papa hoʻomaʻamaʻa kumu me ka ʻole o nā pilikia. He hoʻolohe lākou, aloha aloha, hoʻolohe a mahalo. Hiki iā lākou ke koi ʻia no nā mea hoʻohua ʻīlio novice, no ka mea ʻaʻohe pilikia me ka noho aliʻi ʻana, ka huhū a me ka ʻāina.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hana ʻia nāʻiole no ka noho ʻana i kahi keʻena. Ma kekahi lima, ua liʻiliʻi lākou, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka hoʻoikaika kino nui.
ʻO kahi pākuʻi nui no ka mālama ʻana i kahi keena e noho mālie lākou. No nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā ʻīlio, ʻaʻole kēia he mea maʻamau ʻole, akā aneane hiki ʻole.
ʻO nā minus, hiki iā lākou ke ʻeha mai ka maʻi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻīlio. Akā, ʻaʻole kēia no lākou ka hewa, akā ʻo nā mea nona ka maopopo ʻole he keiki ka ʻīlio. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaʻole i nalowale ke ʻano o ka hahai holoholona o ka laha a alualu nā ʻīlio i nā squirrels, hamsters, ʻiole a me nāʻiole.
Mālama
ʻOi maʻalahi, liʻiliʻi. He ʻahu pololei kā ka ʻīlio, kahi maʻalahi e mālama a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Pono e nānā pono i nā pepeiao, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ʻae i ka lepo a me nā mea haole e komo.
Ola
ʻO ke ola ola a 12-14 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻeha i nā maʻi kūikawā, akā ma muli o kā lākou hoʻohui ua maʻalahi lākou i nā haki a me nā ʻeha o ka maka.
