Aia ka mahele ʻo Smolensk ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o Lūkia ma ka Hikina ʻEulopa Plain. Hāʻawi ʻia kāna ʻāpana nui i ka Smolensk-Moscow Upland, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Transnistrian Lowland, a ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau o ka Baletika.
Kūlohelohe nā kūlana kūlohelohe i kahi ani honua ʻaʻano haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole i ʻano ʻia e nā kulu wela wela. Mahanahana nā Winters, ʻo ka awelika o ka mahana -10, ʻano liʻiliʻi hiki ke hāʻule i -30, i ka hapa lua o ka hoʻoilo. Ma kēia ʻāpana o Rūsia, ua pinepine ka ua. ʻAʻole wela ma aneʻi i ke kauwela a + 20 kiʻekiʻe.
Ma ka moku ʻo Smolensk, kahe ka muliwai Dnieper me kāna mau lālā Vol, Desna, Sozh, Vyazma, a eia kekahi, aia ma kahi o 200 mau loko, ka mea nani o lākou: Svaditskoye a me Velisto. ʻO ka nui o nā wahi o nā ululāʻau he 2185.4 tausani hectares a noho i 42% o ka ʻāina.
Mea kanu
ʻO nā lau o ka moku Smolensk nā ululāʻau, nā mea kanu hana, nā laʻalāʻau, nā kahawai, nā alanui, nā aniani.
ʻO nā lāʻau lau palupalu he 75.3% o ka nui o nā mea kanu o kēia ʻāina, nona ka 61% e hāʻule ma nā pā kanu birch.
ʻO nā kumulāʻau Coniferous he 24.3%, i waena o lākou e lanakila nā ʻano spruce (ma kahi o 70%).
Uhi wale nā ululāʻau ʻo 0.4% wale nō o ka nui o nā wahi me nā mea kanu.
ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o nā kumulāʻau nā:
Laau Birch
ʻO Birch, kona kiʻekiʻe he 25-30 m, he kalaunu openwork a me ka ʻili keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole pili ia i nā ʻano whimsical, copes maikaʻi me nā hau. ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau he nui loa.
Aspen
ʻO Aspen kahi lāʻau deciduous o ka ʻohana Willow. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ia i nā wahi me nā anuanu a me nā ani anuanu, kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka lau e haʻalulu ana i ka makani māmā.
Alder
Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Alder ma Lūkia e 9 mau ʻano, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka ʻeleʻele alder. Hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 35 m a me ke anawaena o 65 knm, hoʻohana ʻia kāna lāʻau i ka ʻoihana hana.
Maple
Pili ʻo Maple i nā mea kanu deciduous, hiki ke ulu mai 10 a 40 mau mika i ke kiʻekiʻe, ulu wikiwiki. He maʻalahi loa ia i nā maʻi a me nā mea make.
ʻOka
ʻO ʻOka i ka ʻohana Beech, he lāʻau deciduous ia, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i 40-50 m.
ʻO Linden
Piʻi ʻo Linden a 30 m, ola a 100 mau makahiki, makemake i kahi o nā ululāʻau huikau, maikaʻi ke kuʻi me ka malu.
ʻAla
No ka ʻohana Olive ʻo Ash, he lau laha ʻole, a hōʻea i 35 m ke kiʻekiʻe.
ʻĀnai
ʻO Spruce kahi ʻohana o ka ʻohana Pine a he kumulāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau me nā nila liʻiliʻi, hiki i 70 m.
Pine
Nui nā nila o ka lāʻau pine a he lāʻau resinous.
Aia i waena o nā mea kanu nā:
Geranium nahele
ʻO ka geranium o ka nahele kahi mea kanu mau, ʻo ka inflorescence he lilac māmā a i ʻole lilac ʻeleʻele me kahi mālamalama ma waena.
Zelenchuk melemele
Kāhea ʻia ʻo Zelenchuk melemele i ka makapō o ka pō, pili i nā mea kanu perennial me nā lau velvet, ʻo nā kīʻaha pua e like me ka bele.
ʻO ka nahele ʻo Angelica
No ka ʻohana Umbrella ka angelica, like nā pua keʻokeʻo me ke ʻano o ka malu.
I nā ululāʻau spruce hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa: mosses ʻōmaʻomaʻo, lingonberry, raspberries, hazel, lāʻau waikawa, blueberry.
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Moss
Lingonberry
ʻO Raspberries
ʻO Hazel
ʻO Kislitsa
Pōlū
I nā ulu lāʻau paina aia: lichens, heather, paws o ka pōpoki, juniper.
ʻO Lichen
ʻO Heather
Paa popoki
Juniper
Hoʻohana ʻia ka nahele no ka ʻohi lāʻau ʻana ma ke komohana ʻākau, ʻākau a me ʻākau hikina o ka ʻāina, hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā kumuwaiwai e nā mea kanu ʻōpio. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu hoʻōla no nā pono lāʻau. Aia nā wahi hahai holoholona ma ka panalāʻau o Smolensk, a ke mālama ʻia nei nā hana noiʻi.
Ma ka moku ʻo Smolensk aia nā kahawai i kahe ʻia, kahi haʻahaʻa a me nā wahi maloʻo, a ʻo nā wahi kai hoʻi a hoʻohaʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa.
Fauna o ka moku Smolensk
Ke manaʻo nei aia ka ʻāina i ka ʻāpana o nā ululāʻau ulu, a laila ma kona ʻāina e noho ai:
I kēlā me kēia wahi o Smolensk hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi hedgehog, mole, bat, hare. Helu nui ʻia nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa i ka Buke ʻulaʻula.
ʻO Hedgehog
Mole
Bat
Puaʻa
ʻO nā boars hihiu kahi heluna nui o ka lehulehu, ʻo nā holoholona ka mea o ka hahai holoholona.
Hare
Makemake ʻo Hares i nā lau nahele nui a me nā kaʻe steppe.
Bea bear
ʻO nā bea Brown he mau māmele predatory, ʻoi aku ka nui i ka nui, makemake e noho i nā ululāʻau nui, aia ma kahi o 1,000 mau holoholona.
Wolf
Nā Wolves - lawa lākou ma ia wahi, no laila ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona.
Ma kahi o 131 mau ʻano holoholona i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book of Smolensk a pale ʻia e ke kānāwai, a pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona. Loʻohia nā mea:
Muskrat
No ka ʻohana Mole ka desman. He holoholona liʻiliʻi ia, ua uhi ʻia kona huelo me nā unahi horny, kona ihu i ke ʻano o ke kumu, pōkole nā lālā, ua hina ka huluhulu a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, māmā ka ʻōpū
Otter
ʻO ka otter he predator o ka ʻohana Mustelidae. Alakaʻi ʻo ia i kahi nohona semi-aquatic. He kino kahawai ko ka holoholona, ʻeleʻele kona huluhulu ma luna, a he māmā a he kālā paha ma lalo. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical o ke ʻano o ka otter (poʻo pālahalaha, nā wāwae pōkole a me kahi huelo lōʻihi) e ʻae i ka ʻauʻau ʻana ma lalo o ka wai, ʻaʻole pulu ka hulu.
Manu manu
I ka wā o ka pūnana i kēia wahi aia ma mua o 70 mau ʻano manu, ka hapa nui o lākou he hapa, a ʻaʻole hiki ke alualu iā lākou. ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi loa:
Kaha ʻeleʻele
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka stork ʻeleʻele e ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo a hānai ʻia i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu a me nā wahi kai i hālana ʻia.
Aeto gula
No ka ʻohana Yastrebins ka aeto gula, makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā kuahiwi, ma ka pā. He mau kiko keʻokeʻo nui ko ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻeheu, kahi huelo keʻokeʻo me ka palena ʻeleʻele. Kau ʻia ka nuku o ka manu. ʻO kaʻeleʻele o ka plumage o kahi makua makua ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
Serpentine
Loaʻa ka ʻaeto moʻo i nā nahele i kāwili ʻia a me nā ʻāpana ulu lāʻau. He hina hina ke kua o ka manu. He manu huna loa.
Gose ʻeleʻele
ʻO ka Goose Goose kahi ʻohana Duck, ko lākou lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi loa. ʻEleʻele ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻeleʻele ka hope me nā ʻeheu. I nā mākua, aia kekahi kola keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻāʻī ma lalo o ka ʻāʻī. ʻEleʻele nā pā me ka nuku.
Aeto huelo keʻokeʻo
ʻO ka ʻaeto huelo keʻokeʻo he plumage ʻeleʻele, a ʻo ke poʻo me ka ʻāʻī me ka melemele melemele, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o ka huelo, melemele ka nuku a me nā iris o ka maka.
Pākuʻi Peregrine
ʻO ka Falcon peregrine no ka ʻohana Falcon, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kona nui ma mua o ka nui o kahi moa i uhi ʻia. Hoʻohanohano ʻia e kahi plumage pouli, slate-hina hina o ke kua, kahi ʻōpū māmā ʻōwili a me kahi poʻo ʻeleʻele o ke poʻo. ʻO Peregrine Falcon ka manu wikiwiki loa ma ka honua, ʻoi aku kona wikiwiki ma mua o 322 km i kēlā me kēia hola.
Aeto Elemu ʻImi liʻiliʻi
Aeto Koki Nui
ʻAno ʻokoʻa ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nui o nā ʻaeto ʻike kiko, he ʻōuli ʻeleʻele lākou, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka hope o ke poʻo a me ka wahi ma lalo o ka huelo.
