Ma waena o ke koena o nā mea kolo, kū kaʻawale nā honu. ʻAʻohe o nā papa o nā mea kolo i ʻōlelo ʻia i like me kahi hoʻolālā hoihoi - kahi pūpū paʻakikī, a ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi kino i loko. No ke aha i kū ai ke ʻano me kēia, hiki iā mākou ke kuhi. Noho lākou mai ka wā kahiko, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā koena mōʻalihaku o nā honu ma kahi o 220 miliona mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hapanui paha, ua ʻike lākou i ka nui o ke kaomi mai ka ea a i ʻole ka wai. A peʻe hoʻi mai nā ʻenemi koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pūpū pale i nā makahiki he miliona i loko o ʻelua mau pale pale hilinaʻi ma ka hope a ma ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke kūkulu akamai a paʻa hoʻi, no ia mea lākou i ola ai, ʻokoʻa ka nui o nā holoholona make o ia au.
ʻO ka manaʻo "honu" ka ʻōlelo Lūkini mai ka huaʻōlelo "crock", kahi mea i hana ʻia i ka pālolo palaoa paʻakikī. A ʻaʻole mamao loa ka ʻōlelo Latina "Testudo" ma ka manaʻo, no ka huaʻōlelo "testo" ia, unuhi ʻia e like me "brick, tile or ipu lepo."
ʻO nā ʻohana āpau, nā ʻohana a me nā laha, hoihoi loa nā poʻe semi-aquatic, no ka mea he symbiosis lākou o kahi terrestrial a me kahi mea wai. ʻO kēlā ʻano hana honu swamp (Latin Emys) - ke kūpuna o nā mea kolo mai nā honu wai wai ʻAmelika.
ʻO kēia nā kuhukukū i wae i kahi wai wai no ko lākou wahi nui, akā e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ma ka honua paʻa. ʻO kekahi o nā mea i maʻa iā mākou, i ka nohona a i waho hoʻi, ʻo ia Honu honu Europa Emb orbicularis a i ʻole ʻO Emida ʻEulopa... Mai ka ʻōlelo Lākina, ua unuhi ʻia kona inoa ma ke ʻano he "honu puni". "Bolotnaya" - ka inoa Lūkia, i koho ʻia no kāna biotope maʻamau - kahi maoli o ka noho ʻana.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo nui a mākou e pono ai i ka wehewehe ʻana i kā mākou kamaʻāina semi-aquatic - carapace a me ka plastron. ʻO Carapax ʻo ia hoʻi ka uhi paʻa ʻana ma ka hope o ka honu. He ʻano poepoe a ʻano like kona ʻano, ikaika loa ia, he kino kolo, a ma lalo o ia kahi hanana iwi. Plastron - ka uhi like, ma ka ʻōpū wale nō, a pālahalaha.
I ka European Emida, ke ʻano maʻamau ka carapace e like me ka oval, convex iki, me kahi ʻili aniani. Pili ʻo ia, e like me nā honu āpau plastron nā liga maʻalahi e hoʻopaʻa pū iā lākou. Mākaukau ka pahu pale, ikaika loa ka luna a me ka lalo, hāmama nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻAʻole kūpono ia no lākou e noho mau i kahi mokuʻāina palena ʻole, akā ua maʻa lākou, a uku lākou i kēia me ka neʻe nui o ka ʻāʻī, hiki ke piʻo e like me ka periskope ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. I nā ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻai o ka scutellum luna, me kahi ulu haʻahaʻa i ke ʻano o keel keel kokoke i ka huelo.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o ka Emida, maʻamau ka ¾ o ka nui o ka pū, a i ka hanauna ʻōpio ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huelo i ka pūpū. He lawelawe ia ma ke ʻano he "hoeuli" ke ʻauʻau ana.
ʻElima mau manamana wāwae o nā wāwae o mua, ʻehā o nā wāwae o ka hope, a aia he mau membrane ʻauʻau liʻiliʻi ma waena o lākou. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manamana lima āpau me nā māiʻuʻu nui. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau o kā mākou heroine. Ua piʻi ka pale kaua dorsal i 35 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka holoholona ma kahi o 1.5 kg.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka carapace, nā kala āpau o ka lae puaʻa, mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka hina hina a i ka brownish-greenish. Kuhi ka wahi noho i ke kala o ka huna. No kekahi, ʻeleʻele paha i ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka mea nui, pili ka kala i ka makahiki a me nā ʻano papaʻai.
ʻO nā kaha melemele a me nā kiko e hoʻopuehu ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka scutellum ma ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka maʻamau ocher (melemele) a i ʻole ʻeleʻele iki, uhi ʻia me nā kiko lanahu. ʻO nā ʻāpana protruding āpau o ke kino - paws, tail and head with a neck, have a dark marsh color with ripples of buffy specks and strokes.
ʻO nā maka o ke kala amber maʻamau no ka mea kolo, akā naʻe, hiki ke ʻalani, a ʻulaʻula hoʻi. Ikaika a laumania nā iwi ā, ʻaʻohe "nuku". Honu kai hū i loko o ke kiʻi like me ka umauma iwi liʻiliʻi.
Kūleʻa ia, pena maikaʻi ʻia ka "uhi" oval me ka "kahiko". Inā, eia kekahi, peʻe ka emida i loko o kāna "hale", ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia nā paws a me ke poʻo - ʻaʻole ia e like me kahi mea ola, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pahu kupuna a i kahi pōhaku nui paha.
Nā ʻano
ʻO nā honu nā holoholona relic i noho ma ka Honua no kahi manawa lōʻihi loa. He maopopo he nui ko lākou pilina pili ʻohana. "Kumulāʻau" nui. No ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻohana a ko mākou heroine, pono ʻoe e ʻeli ma ka liʻiliʻi a 3 mau hanauna - "nā tūtū wahine a me nā kūpuna". I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē, e hoʻomaka me ka ʻohana.
ʻAmelika manu kuhukukū hou, i ka ʻohana nona kā mākou nani, i kapa ʻia ma mua he wai maoli. A hiki i ko lākou kaʻawale ʻana mai ka "ʻohana" ʻAsia wai hou e kekahi mau ʻokoʻa: loaʻa nā aʻa o kā lākou musk i kekahi o nā pā liʻiliʻi (i ke kolu a me ka ʻehiku pālua), a i ke kiʻekiʻe hoʻi o nā pā heʻe he 12.
Loaʻa nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia subfamily i ka nui o ka nui - mai 10 a 80 cm. Aia he 20 genera, i hoʻopili ʻia me 72 mau ʻano. ʻO ka nui loa o lākou wai, batagura, haʻi ʻia... I ka USSR mua, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻohana subfamily e Honu Caspiane noho nei ma Turmenistan, Transcaucasia a me Dagestan.
ʻO ka ʻohana i koe ma hope o ka mahele Manu kuhukukū ʻAmelika Emydidae ua komo pū he 11 mau kūpuna, me 51 mau ʻano. ʻO ka mea nui e ka helu o nā laha - humpback, kāhiko ʻia, pahu, trachemus, a me nā kuhukukū ʻo Emys... Liʻiliʻi lākou i ka nui, ʻālohilohi kekahi o lākou a ʻano ʻokoʻa i ke kala. ʻOiwi kahi mea nui i ʻAmelika, akā aia kekahi e noho nei ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua.
ʻO Genus Emys - aia kahi hiʻohiʻona Eurasia. Māhele ʻia kēia ʻano i nā ʻano 2: Emys orbicularis - honu loko iʻa ʻEulopa, a ʻO Emys trinacris He ʻano Sisilia ia, i wehewehe ʻia i hala iho nei, i ka 2015. No laila ua kokoke mākou i kā mākou heroine. Emb orbicularis hoʻohui i nā lālā he 16 i loko o ʻelima mau hui. Loaʻa nā ʻano aʻe ma Lūkia:
- Colchis honu honu, ola ma ka ʻĀina ʻEleʻele a ma ka hema komohana o ka Transcaucasus, a ma ka hikina hoʻi o Turkey. Loaʻa iā ia kahi carapace a 16.5 cm ka nui, a me kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi;
- Kurinskaya - noho i ka Caucasus a ma nā kahakai o ke kai Caspian. Carapace ma kahi o 18 cm;
- Iberian - noho i Dagestan, i ke kahawai wai ʻo Kura.
- Kaiwaenahonua Hikina koho i ka hema o Crimea, ka pale kaua kiʻekiʻe i luna a 19 cm.
- Nānā koho Emb orbicularis orbicularis... I ka Russian Federation, holo ka nohona mai nā wahi komohana ma waena o ke kikowaena a hiki i ka hikina o ʻAsia, ʻo 23 cm a ʻoi aku paha o carapace.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ka honu Swamp ma nā wahi āpau o ʻEulopa, koe wale nō nā wahi polar, a ma ʻAkia Waena hoʻi. Hōʻike nui ʻia ia ma ka Balkan Peninsula (Albania, Bosnia, Dalmatia) a ma Italia. Kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau o nā kino wai ma ke komohana ʻākau o Kelemania.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kēia ʻano ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻApelika, a ma ka ʻāpana hoʻi o ka pali ʻo Caucasian a kokoke i nā palena komohana o Lūkia. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia ma nā wahi hema a ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka Russian Federation. I ka wā kau mua, ua hoʻonohonoho nui ʻia ia ma ka pūnaewele o ʻEulopa hou, i kekahi mau wahi a i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā heluna nui.
ʻO ka ʻāina i kamaʻāina iā ia ka nahele, steppes, foothills. Kākaʻikahi wale nō, akā e hopena paha ma ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole kahi noho ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ia ke "piʻi" i nā kuahiwi a i ka 1400 m ke kiʻekiʻe, a ua ʻike ʻo ka poʻe Moroccan i kahi kiʻekiʻe - ma 1700 m ma nā kuahiwi.
Aloha i nā ʻauwai pāpaʻu stagnant, nā kahawai mālie a me nā kahawai. Auʻau wikiwiki loa ia i ka wai, no laila hiki wawe iā ia ke loaʻa i kāna mea e pono ai. ʻAʻole paha e piʻi i ka papa no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Ua lawe ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o Emida no aneane ʻelua mau lā i loko o kahi waihona wai paʻa loa me kahi mahana o ka wai o 18 ° C. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, puka ʻē nō ia i kēlā me kēia hapahā o ka hola e hanu ai ka ea.
Ma ka honua, palaka ka honu ʻEulopa a kolo mālie. Akā hoʻi, ʻoi aku kona ʻeleu ma mua o kona ʻohana ʻohana. Hōʻike ʻia kona ikehu a me kāna hana i ka lā. Huli ka mea kolo, a i kekahi manawa hele i waho e bask i ka lā, e luʻu hou ana i ka wai i loko o ka wai e hoʻalili.
Kapa ʻia kēia hana he kākoʻo thermoregulation. Eia kekahi, akahele loa ka holoholona, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e neʻe mamao mai ka wai. ʻIke i ka weliweli, wikiwiki ia e luʻu i loko o ka wai wai hoʻopakele a kanu paha iā ia iho i ka lepo. I ka manawa wale nō o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua manu hiki i ka emida ke neʻe aku mai ka wai ma kahi o 500 m. Ma Turmenistan, ʻike ʻia lākou 7-8 km mai nā kino wai, akā he ʻokoʻa kēia i ke kānāwai.
E pili ana i ka ʻike a me ka ʻike, aia kekahi mau ʻike e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea ola, maʻalea a akahele hoʻi. A ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka lapuwale ma mua o nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe. A i ka noho pio ʻana, hoʻololi koke lākou a lilo i ʻano maoli.
Ma kahi kokoke i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoʻalili lākou, hibernating, peʻe ma mua i ka silt a i ka honua. Ma ke ala, i kekahi manawa hana lākou i kēia i ka wā maloʻo. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa, akā i nā hoʻoilo mahana hiki ke hele mai ma hope, ai kekahi manawa ua hoʻopau loa ʻia.
ʻAiʻai Pono
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe he ʻeleu loa ka honu i ka wai. Hopu aku ia i nā ilo a me nā mea kolo, nā rana a me nā iʻa, a nahu mua ka hope i ka ʻai ʻauʻau. A laila hoʻolei ʻo ia iā ia, a hoʻomau ʻo ia e lana ana i ka wai. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi inā e noho ana nā kuhukukū i ka loko iʻa a kahawai paha.
Inā ʻoe e ʻike i nā huʻa iʻa ma luna o ka wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike he emida ka i loaʻa ma laila. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia i ka hahai holoholona i ka pō. Eia naʻe, hoʻomaha ka mea kolo i ka pō, e hiamoe ana ma lalo o ka waihona. A i ke kakahiaka nui hele ʻo ia i ka hopu holoholona, a hana ʻo ia i kēia i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, koe wale nō nā wā pōkole.
ʻAʻole ia e hōʻole i nā molluscs, crustacean, dragonflies a me nā larvae mosquito. I ka steppes hopu ia i nā ʻūhini, i ka nahele - centipedes a me nā nalo. Hoʻouka ia i nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi, nā moʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā moa moa wai. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻowahāwahā i ke kupapaʻu, e ʻai ana i nā kupapaʻu o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā manu.
No laila ʻaʻole ka iʻa kāna ipu nui. ʻO ka mea nui ka huahana "ʻiʻo". No laila, he hewa nā makaʻu o nā kuhukukū ke hoʻopōʻino nei i nā loko iʻa i ka hopu ʻana i nā iʻa āpau. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea i ʻike ʻia, ma ka laulā, ua hoʻāʻo ka hoʻāʻo e huli i nā iʻa olakino e ka emida, a ua hiki i ka mea pio ke pakele mai ka mea ʻimi holoholona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā i komo kā mākou mea kolo i nā wahi o ka nui o nā lehulehu o kēia poʻe wai, a laila ua hoʻonui ʻia ka likelika o kahi hoʻouka kūleʻa. I ka holoholona, nui ke kuleana o ka honu ma ke ʻano he hoʻonohonoho o ka waihona wai ʻōiwi, ʻoiai e luku ʻia ke kino, a me kahi mea hānai, ʻoiai hiki ke hopu wale i kahi kanaka nāwaliwali a maʻi hoʻi.
Me ka mea pio pio, hele i ka hohonu a laila e lawelawe ʻia me ia. Waimaka nā ʻāpana nunui i nā ʻāpana me nā auwaha ikaika a me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi. ʻAʻole mea nui nā mea kanu ma ka papa kuhikuhi. Hiki iā ia ke nau i ka limu a me ka pulp momona o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, akā ʻoi aku paha kēia i mea hoʻohui i ka papaʻai "ʻiʻo" nui.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki i ka naʻau ke hoʻomau i nā keiki ke hiki iā lākou i ka makahiki 5-9, a laila ulu nā honu. Hoʻomaka koke ke kau male ma hope o ka ala maikaʻi ʻana mai ka hibernation. ʻAʻole hiki kēia i nā wahi āpau i ka manawa like, akā pili i ke aniau i nā wahi. I kā mākou latitude mahana - ʻApelila-Mei.
I kēlā manawa, hoʻomehana ka lewa a hiki i ka + 14º,, a me ka wai - i + 10ºº Hiki i ka hanana ke hana i ka wai a ma ka honua. Inā i kēia manawa aia lākou i ka wai pāpaʻu, a laila ʻike ʻia nā kua o nā kāne, e piʻi aʻe ma luna o ka ʻili o ka wai, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka wahine, i kēia manawa aia ʻo ia ma lalo loa o lākou i ka wai.
Lawe ke kaʻina hana i 5-10 mau minuke. Hoʻomoe pinepine ʻia nā hua manu ma ka ʻaoʻao o kā lākou wahi wai maoli. Akā he ʻokoʻa kekahi. ʻO nā honu hoʻomaha ʻole, i mea e loaʻa ai kahi wahi akahai no nā keiki e hiki mai ana, e hele lōʻihi loa mai ka home. I nā wahi mehana, hiki i ka wahine ke hana i 3 mau paʻa i kēlā me kēia kau, ma nā wahi anuanu - 1-2.
No ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, ʻeli ka makua i kahi lua a 17 cm ka hohonu o 1-2 mau hola, e hana pū ana me kāna mau wāwae hope. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia kaumaha e like me ka hue me ka lalo ma kahi o 13 cm a me ka ʻāʻī a i ka 7 cm. Hoʻomākaukau pū ʻo ia i kahi no kahi puka ma mua, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i kahi ʻāpana o ka lepo me kāna paws mua a me kona poʻo.
E hele mālie i waho nā hua, 3-4 mau hua ma kahi o 5 mau minuke. ʻOkoʻa ka helu o nā hua manu, a hiki i nā ʻāpana he 19, loaʻa iā lākou kahi iwi ʻāpana paʻakikī, keʻokeʻo calcareous. Loaʻa iā lākou ke kinona o kahi ellipse mai ka 2.8 * 1.2 a i ka 3.9 * 2.1 cm, a kaupaona ʻia he 7-8 g. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻeli ka wahine i kahi lua a nānā pono i ka honua ma luna ona me kona ʻōpū, e like me ka bulldozer, masking i kahi o ke kau ʻana.
Noho ka manawa hoʻopulapula mai 60 a 110 mau lā, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ke aniau o ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole e hoʻāʻo koke nā honu i kū i luna. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, kanu lākou iā lākou iho i hohonu, hibernate ma lalo o ka honua a hānau ʻia i ka puna wale nō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau mea ʻaʻa e kolo aku a luʻu i loko o ka waihona wai. A laila hoʻolilo lākou i ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o ka wai.
He kala ʻeleʻele loa nā pēpē āpau, kokoke i ka ʻeleʻele, ma nā wahi wale nō e heʻe ai nā kiko uila. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻeke yolk ma ko lākou ʻōpū, ma muli o lākou e hānai ai i ka hoʻoilo lōʻihi. ʻO kā lākou nui carapace ma kahi o 2.5 cm, ke kaumaha o ke kino ma kahi o 5 g. Hoʻonā mau ʻia nā pūnana manu kuhukukū e nā mea hiki ʻole ke hiki iā lākou.
Nā hua manu kuhukū Swamp ʻono, ʻalopeke, ʻalope, kūpikipiki ʻole i ka ʻahaʻaina ma luna o lākou. Ehia mau makahiki e noho nei kēia mau mea i ke kūlohelohe ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu pono ʻia, akā i nā terrarium ko lākou makahiki maʻamau a 25 a 30 mau makahiki paha. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ka wā i noho ai ʻo Emids, me ka nānā pono ʻana, a hiki i 90, a hiki i 100 mau makahiki, a ma ka hema o Palani, i hoʻokahi māla hua kanu, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā makahiki o 120 mau makahiki.
Honu kai hū ma ka home
ʻO ka pinepine, hauʻoli loa nā mea aloha holoholona i kā lākou honu swamp ma ka home. ʻAʻole capricious ʻo ia, ola lōʻihi, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kumu i nā maʻi āpau a me nā maʻi i loko o ka hale. A ʻaʻole ʻo ia e meow, uē, uō, ma ke ʻano nui, ʻaʻole walaʻau. ʻO kahi laʻana maikaʻi loa o kahi pipi.
Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kahi emid makua ma ka home, pono ʻoe i kahi aquaterrarium ākea me ka nui o 150-200 liters me kahi papa paʻa a me kahi mokupuni i hana ʻia me nā pōhaku, e hoʻohālike ana i ka "ʻāina". He maikaʻi inā wai a like ka ʻāina a me ka ʻāina, e laʻa me ka lakio o 1: 1 a i ʻole 2: 1.
Mai hana i ka hohonu ma mua o 10-20 cm, ʻaʻole makemake lākou i nā kino wai nui. Pono e kānana a hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ka wai. Hoʻoponopono i kahi kukui hoʻomehana kūloko ma luna aʻe o ka "mokupuni". I ka lā, mālama ʻia ka mahana ma lalo o ke kukui mai +28 a + 32 ° C, a i ka wai mai +18 a + 25 ° C. ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻomehana ma ka pō.
Mālama ka honu Marsh hoʻolako pono i ke alo o kahi kukui ultraviolet me kahi radiation palekana liʻiliʻi. Pono e hoʻohuli i kēlā me kēia manawa. Pono kēia e hoʻoikaika i ka iwi iwi a me ka iwi.
Me ka ʻole o ke kukui UV, e loaʻa i ka mea kolo ka lawa ʻole o ka wikamina D a ʻaʻole e omo maikaʻi i ka puna. Ma muli o kēia, e hoʻomaka ia e ulu lohi, e loaʻa i ka pūpū i kahi ʻano kūlike ʻole, holo kāu pipi i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi. Eia hou, ʻo emida ka pūʻali hope loa o nā ʻano ʻūlū. He hopena pale ko UV i kona olakino.
E hoʻomanaʻo e uhi i ka loko iʻa me kahi poʻi. ʻEleu loa kēia mau "pēpē", piʻi maikaʻi a hiki ke pakele mai nā wahi. ʻO nā mea kanu a me ka lepo i loko o ka ipu he koho. E huki nā honu makua i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻōpio ke hōʻino nui i nā mea kanu. Hoʻonoho kaʻawale nā honu a i kahi hui me nā ʻano kūpili ʻole pili.
He aha e hānai ai i nā kuhukū hou maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo inā hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i ka mea a lākou e ʻai ai i ka nāhelehele. Koho i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a iʻa kai paha no ka hānai ʻana, e hoʻomāʻona me nā ʻenehu a me nā nīnū. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi iā ia i ʻōpala, nā ʻano kolo waena o nā ʻano meaʻai - nā ʻalekiko a me nā ʻāpala.
He mea maikaʻi ke hoʻolei iā lākou i kekahi rana liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻiole no ka meaʻai, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke pani iā lākou me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo a me ka offal. Kūʻai i nā meaʻai kūikawā no nā kuhukū ma ka hale kūʻai holoholona, a i ʻole no nā pōpoki a ʻīlio paha. E hānai i ka ulu ʻōpio me nā larvae mosika (bloodworms), crustacean gammarus, daphnia nui, ʻenekini liʻiliʻi.
I kekahi manawa pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka fiber i kāu meaʻai - kāloti kālani, kāpī, lettuce, nā ʻāpana maiʻa. Hānai ʻia nā mākua he 2-3 mau manawa i ka pule, ʻōpio - i kēlā me kēia lā, a laila hoʻonui haʻahaʻa i nā wā ma waena o nā hānai. E hānai pono i kāu mea kolo me ka hānai mineral.
Hiki i nā Emids ke hoʻohua i ka pio. Pono ʻoe e nānā i ka loli o nā kau. Pono lākou i kahi manawa hoʻomaha - hoʻoilo. I ka wā mua, hooki lākou i ka hānai ʻana iā lākou i mea e hoʻomaha ai ka ʻōpū a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻōpū. I ka manawa like, hoʻomaka lākou e hōʻemi i nā hola o ke ao a hoʻemi i ka mahana i + 8-10 .С.
I loko o ʻehā mau pule, pono e pau ka hoʻomākaukau a hiamoe ka honu no 2 mau mahina. Mai ka hibernation aku, lawe maikaʻi ʻia i waho. Inā ʻaʻohe hoʻolālā ka honu e hānau, a maʻi paha ia, ʻaʻole pono ia hibernation.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ka holoholona i kahi kanaka, ʻike iā ia, hana i ka hana o ka hānai ʻana, hiki ke ʻau i nā tweezers me kahi ʻāpana o ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole huhū nui lākou, akā pono ʻoe e akahele o hōʻeha wale iā ia. A laila hiki iā ia ke nahu nui. ʻEhaʻeha kā lākou nahu, akā palekana.
Pehea e ʻike ai i ka wahine o ka honu swamp
Nui ka poʻe hoihoi i ka nīnau pehea e ʻike ai manu kuhukukū papahele... Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka moekolohe o kahi honu 6-8 makahiki me ka lōʻihi o ka liʻiliʻi o 10 cm ka maikaʻi. Maikaʻi inā e kau ʻoe i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ma kahi kokoke no ka hoʻohālikelike. E hoʻomanaʻo i nā hōʻailona:
- ʻOkoʻa ka "Cavaliers" mai nā "lede" e kahi plastron concave liʻiliʻi, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou huelo a mānoanoa;
- i "nā kāne" ua lōʻihi nā māiʻuʻu o nā wāwae mua;
- kane carapace, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wahine, ke nānā aku ʻikiʻī a elongated;
- ʻo ka cloaca e like me ka hōkū (hole) i loko o ke "kaikamahine" aia kokoke i ka lihi o ka carapace ma mua o ka "keikikāne", aia ia ma ke ʻano o kahi kahakaha lōhi, aia mai ke kaʻe o ka pūpū e 2-3 cm;
- ʻo ka hope ma hope o ka plastron i nā "kāne" he ʻano V, i nā "wahine" e hoʻopuni ʻia me kahi puka anawaena nui;
- he pālahalaha ko nā wahine, a ʻoi aku pinepine ka convex plastron, e like me ka "ʻōpū".
A ma aneʻi e nānā poepoe ai nā "lede" a ʻoi aku ka makemake!
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- Makaʻu nā honu i nā mea haohao, ʻimi mau lākou e hūnā mai iā lākou i ka wai mālama wai, i kekahi manawa me ka makaʻu o ko lākou ola. I ka Caucasus, ua ʻike ʻia nā kuhukukū e lele mai ana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe o ʻekolu mika i loko o ka wai me ka makaʻu.
- He ʻano pilau ko nā honu. Ua loaʻa koke lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo i wahī ʻia i loko o ka pepa i loko o ka wai.
- Mālama ʻia ka sperm o ke kāne no kahi manawa lōʻihi loa; hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka genital tract o ka wahine ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻoi paha. No laila, hiki i kahi emida ke waiho i nā hua manu ma hope o ʻeono a ʻoi paha mau mahina o ka noho pio ʻana. Mai kāhāhā, ʻaʻole kēia he hana mana, hana wale ka mea hoʻoulu momona.
- I ka makahiki 2013, ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Zoological o ke Kulanui ʻo Dnipropetrovsk Agrarian, ua huki ʻia kekahi mau honu nui mai nā hua i mālama ʻia ma nā papa i hōʻike ʻia. ʻAʻole maopopo pehea lākou i ola ai i nā ʻano incubatory. ʻIke maoli kēia hanana i kahi hana mana liʻiliʻi.
- ʻO ka mea hoihoi, i nā honu, ka mahele o ka moekolohe kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mahana o ka ambient - inā he incubation ma nā mahana ma luna + 30 ° C, ʻo nā "kaikamahine" wale nō e ʻike ʻia mai nā hua manu, a ma lalo o + 27 ° C, "keikikāne" wale nō e kū. I ka wā ma waena o kēia mau helu, aia ke kaulike ma waena o nā kāne.
- I ka wā waena ma ʻEulopa, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kuhukukū he mea ʻono a hoʻohana mau ʻia i meaʻai. Ua manaʻo ka hale pule i ko lākou ʻiʻo he wīwī, e like me ka iʻa.
- Aia nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka honu kai ma Latvia. I ke kūlanakauhale o Daugavpils, kūkulu ka mea kālai kiʻi ʻo Ivo Folkmanis i kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo mai ka granite māmā o ʻApelika ma 2009, ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki o ka hana. A ma Jurmala, kahi kiʻi keleawe ma kahakai e kū ana ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki, mai 1995. Ua haku ʻia nā kiʻi ʻelua no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka heluna lehulehu o kēia mau honu ma ka ʻāina.
