Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka scalar
ʻO Scalaria (mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina ʻo Pterophyllum - he hulu maoli a me kahi lau) kahi ʻano nui o nā iʻa predatory mai ke kauoha o perchiformes a me ka ʻohana cichlov. Pili i ka papa o ka iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia. I kēia mau lā, ua lilo nā scalars iʻa iʻa iʻa.
ʻO ka mea nui ʻekolu ʻano kūlohelohe i ʻike ʻia scalar iʻa:
- Scalaria Leopolda (mai ka Lopoldi Pterophyllum leopoldi);
- ʻO ka scalar maʻamau (mai ka Latin Pterophyllum scalare);
- Scalaria altum (mai ka Latin Pterophyllum altum).
ʻO ke kino o kēia mau iʻa ke ʻano o kahi diski elongated vertically. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa i 15 cm, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe he 20-25 cm.
Ma muli o nā lūlū kū lōʻihi (anal a dorsal), ke ʻano o kēia ʻohana i ke ʻano o ka crescent. ʻO ka moʻo huelo he translucent, ākea a lōʻihi - 5-7 kenimika. He ʻano ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ke kala o ka scalar - i ka genus aia he monotonous, kiko, a me nā kaha onionio o ka ʻili o ke kino.
Ua hānai nā mea hānai he nui i nā ʻāpana (nā ʻano hānau) o kēia mau iʻa, ʻokoʻa wale nō i ke kala kūwaho. ʻO ka mea makemake nui ʻia i waena o nā mea aloha i ka iʻa iʻa he:
- Pākuʻi ʻeleʻele huluhulu;
- Scalar zebra;
- Pākuʻi gula;
- Scalar koi;
- Palani ʻāhinahina;
- Pale pale pale;
- Pākuʻi uliuli, kekahi inoa maʻamau ʻānela scalar;
- Kinikini Scalaria;
- Leopadi scalar.
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea i luna, ua hānai ʻia nā iʻa a me nā ʻano kala like ʻole me nā hui like ʻole o nā lauana.
ʻO ke kiʻi kahi pale gula
ʻO kahi laʻana, kea kea koi scalar me nā kiko ʻulaʻula me kahi scalar maʻamau, ua lawe mai lākou i kahi iʻa hoihoi a kala like ʻole pale ʻulaʻula a i ʻole kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "diabolō ʻulaʻula". ʻO nā ʻano moekolohe i kēia mau iʻa he paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale a ʻane ʻike ʻole ʻia.
Wehewehe i ka scalar kāne mai ka wahine he paʻakikī loa no kahi kanaka ʻike a hilinaʻi pinepine ka poʻe hānai i kekahi ʻike kūpono, ka nānā ʻana i ka iʻa a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka moekolohe ma o ka lawena. No laila, pinepine i ka wā hānau i ka hānai mua, ʻaʻole lākou e kanu kikoʻī i nā ʻano iʻa kūpono, akā hana i kēia i nā manawa e hiki mai ana, ke maopopo ka moekolohe o kēlā me kēia kanaka.
I ke kiʻi o ka scalar koi
Hoʻomaka kēia mau iʻa i kā lākou mahele i ka nahelehele mai ʻAmelika Hema kahi e noho ai lākou i nā kahawai e like me Essequibo, Amazon, Rio Negro a me Orinoco. I kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia ka scalar ʻo ia kekahi o nā genera iʻa maʻamau e noho ʻia i loko o nā hale i hana ʻia - nā zoo like ʻole a me nā aquarium pilikino.
ʻO ka ʻike o ka scalar i loko o ka aquarium
ʻAʻole koi ka mālama ʻana i ka home i nā aquarium i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe o nā mea nona a me nā pono hana kūikawā, koe wale no nā hāmeʻa maʻamau no ka noho ʻana o ka iʻa iʻa. Hiki ke kūʻai aku i kahi scalar a me nā pono āpau e pono ai no kā lākou mālama pono ʻana ma kahi o nā hale kūʻai holoholona.
I ke kiʻi, velvet ʻeleʻele scalar
Aia kekahi mau ana maʻalahi i ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa scalar. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ka aquarium ponoʻī nui no laila ʻaʻole cramp no kahi iʻa nui - ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe palena iki ma 50-70 kenimika, a he neʻe ma kahi o 60-80 liters. ʻO ka lua, no ka ʻōnaehana, pono kēia mau iʻa i nā mea kanu me nā lau nui, e like me ka ambulia, cryptocorynaus, a i ʻole valesneria.
ʻO ke kolu, inā makemake ʻoe i nā kala o nā iʻa ʻaʻole e mae, akā e noho ʻōlinolino a me nā kala, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻokokoke loa i ka meaʻai. iʻa scalar - pono ia i meaola a me nā manawa o nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe - ʻoi loa o nā mea āpau mai nā mea hana elite hilinaʻi.
Ke mālama nei i nā scalars ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa. He mea nui ia e mālama i ka mahana mahana i koi ʻia i loko o ka aquarium - ʻaʻole ia e emi a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 25-27 kekelē a he mea pono ke hoʻololi i ka wai ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. E like me nā iʻa aquarium ʻē aʻe, pono e hana i ka aeration ma kahi o ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā no 20-30 mau minuke.
I ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i kaha ʻia
Hoʻohālikelike o ka scalar i kahi aquarium me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe
I hoʻokahi aquarium, maʻamau pākuʻi me nā kaha kauā nā ʻano ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻano wae koho. ʻAno paʻakikī nā poʻe o kēia ʻano iʻa iʻa i waena o lākou iho a nānā i ke kūlike o ka noho ʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, nā iʻa scalar, mālie i kā lākou hana, kaʻana maʻalahi i ka wahi o ka wai me nā iʻa ʻaʻa ʻole ʻole o ko lākou ʻohana cichlid ʻōiwi.
Eia kekahi, hiki nō ke hoʻohui i nā pahi kaua ʻulaʻula, nā ʻoka a i ʻole nā iʻa iʻa iā lākou. Akā i ka noho pū ʻana me nā moʻokūʻauhau ʻē aʻe aia hoʻokahi, akā kahi hemahema nui loa - maʻalahi ka maʻi skarars i nā maʻi like ʻole e lawe maʻalahi a me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Maʻalahi loa e hoʻopilikia iki iā lākou a aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla hou iā lākou. Akā ʻo wai ka waiwai ʻole i ka loaʻa ʻana i ka ipu like me pākuʻi aquarium, no laila he iʻa kēia e like me gup Puppies, goldfish a me acars.
I ka kiʻi paʻi aia kahi scalar polū
ʻO ka mea ma mua a ma hope paha, hiki i nā scalars ke ʻai, ikaika loa ka hope, a makemake ʻole ʻia e nā scalars, a ʻo ke kolu, ʻoiai he ʻohana lākou i ka ʻohana, hiki ke hōʻino a pepehi pū i nā scalars iā lākou iho.
ʻO ka meaʻai a me ke ola o ka scalar
ʻO ka papaʻai o nā scalars i ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe ka nui o nā larvae, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka plankton. I loko o kahi i hana ʻia o ka aquarium, pono e hānai ʻia kēia mau iʻa me nā meaʻai o ke kumu ola, e laʻa me ka meaʻai mai kahi tubifex, bloodworm a i ʻole shrine brine. Pono e hoʻoholo kūʻokoʻa ka nui o nā meaʻai i hāʻawi ʻia, e nānā ana i ka nui o nā iʻa no kekahi manawa.
He mea nui ʻaʻole e hānai nui i ka scalar, hoʻomanawanui lākou i kēia mea ʻino loa a ʻeha hoʻi, a make paha. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka overfeeding ke hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā hanauna e hiki mai ana. I nā aquarium hoʻoulu hānau kū maʻamau, akā inā makemake ʻoe e hānai iā lākou, a laila pono ʻoe e hana iki.
I ke kiʻi, ka panda kaʻe
Hana ʻia ke ʻano makua i kēia mau iʻa ma 10-12 mau makahiki o ka makahiki. He capricious loa kēia ʻano iʻa a maʻa i ke koho ʻana i pālua na lākou, no laila mālama pū ʻia nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka hānau ʻana a haki lākou iā lākou iho i mau pālua.
I kēia ʻano iʻa, ʻike ʻia nā pāʻani moʻa hiwahiwa a i loko o kēia wā ua lilo lākou i mea ʻoi aku ka hakakā ma mua o ka maʻamau. Ma hope o ka hoʻouluulu caviar hoʻowalewale moe lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao i loko o nā lau nui o nā mea kanu - i ka manawa hoʻokahi, lawe mai ka wahine i 300-500 mau hua.
I loko o ʻekolu mau lā, ulu a hua hou nā hua. I kēia wā, makemake nui ʻia ka hana kanaka. Pono pono e hoʻopaʻa hou i ka wahine a palai i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale, no ka mea hiki i nā mākua ʻē aʻe ke ʻai i nā keiki a pau e hiki mai ana.
I ke kiʻi, ka caviar scalar
Na ka wahine ponoʻī e mālama i ka palai, a ma aneʻi ʻaʻole koi ʻia ke kōkua kanaka kūikawā. Fry keʻokeʻo scalar nā kala, ʻaneʻane aniani moakaka a me ka manawa a me ka ulu wale nō i pena ʻia i ko lākou mau kala kūlohelohe. ʻO nā iʻa o kēia genus he livers lōʻihi; inā mālama pono ʻia i nā aquarium, ola lākou a 8-10 mau makahiki.
