ʻO Goshawk ʻO ia ka lālā i aʻo nui ʻia o ka ʻohana hawk. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea konohiki lani nui ikaika loa, hiki ke ʻimi holoholona no kahi mau manawa i kona nui ponoʻī. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ka goshawk a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka waena o ke kenekulia 18, akā ua ʻike ka poʻe i kēia manu mai ka wā kahiko a hoʻomoana iā ia no ka huli lawai ʻana.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Goshawk
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano goshawks i kahi o nā mea kahiko loa ma ka honua. Ua kū kēia mau manu i ka wā kahiko. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā ʻie he ʻelele na ke akua, a ma ʻAigupita kahiko aia kekahi akua me ke poʻo o kēia manu. Ua mahalo pū nā Slavs i ka hawk a kau i ke kiʻi o ka manu ma nā pale a me nā kapa komo lima. ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana o nā ʻio a me ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana me kēia mau manu i kū ma mua o ʻelua tausani mau makahiki.
Video: Hawk goshawk
ʻO ka goshawk kekahi o nā mea konohiki hulu nui loa. ʻO ka nui o ke keikikāne mai 50 a 55 mau kenimika, hiki ke kaumaha i 1.2 kilokilo. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine. Hiki i ka nui o ke kanaka makua ke hōʻea i 70 kenimika a kaupaona i 2 kilokilo. Aia ka ʻēheu o ke kahu i loko o 1.2-1.5 mau mika.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi.
Kūkulu ikaika ʻia ka predator winged, he poʻo elongated liʻiliʻi kona a me kahi ʻāʻī pokole akā maʻalahi. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī o ka hawk ke kū ʻana o ka "pālule hulu", i loaʻa ʻole ma nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā manu o nā manu ʻio. Uhi ʻia ka manu i ka ʻāhinahina hina a ʻo nā hulu o lalo wale nō ka i loaʻa i ke aniani a keʻokeʻo paha, e hoʻonani a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ai ka manu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Pili ka malu o ka hulu hawk i kona wahi ʻāina. ʻO nā manu e noho ana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau ka nui o nā plumage mānoanoa a māmā hoʻi, ʻoiai nā ʻio o ka Caucasus Mountains, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he plumage pouli.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka goshawk?
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, hilinaʻi ke ʻano o ka goshawk i ka ʻāina a ka manu e noho ai.
Hoʻopaʻa mākou i nā ʻano nui o ka moa a hōʻike i ko lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona:
- Goshawk ʻEulopa. ʻO kēia lunamaka o nā lāhui ka nui o nā goshawks āpau. Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi hiʻohiʻona nīoi o kēia ʻano nā wahine ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua manawa ka nui ma mua o nā kāne. Noho ka hawk ʻEulopa ma kahi o Eurasia, ma ʻAmelika Hema a me Morocco. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka helehelena o ka manu ma Morocco ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he mau kakini mau kānaka me ka manaʻo e hoʻoponopono i ka helu o nā nūnū overbred;
- ʻĀlapa ʻōiwi. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui ma mua o ka hawk ʻEulopa. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua ma mua o 40 kenimika, a ʻo ke kaupaona ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 gram. He hulu bluish o ka hulu o ka manu ma ke kua a me nā ʻeheu, a me nā hulu hina ma ka umauma;
- He mau wāwae ikaika loa ko ka hawk ʻApelika me nā māiʻuʻu a ikaika hoʻi, e hiki ai iā ia ke hopu i ka pāʻani liʻiliʻi loa. Noho ka manu i ka panalāʻau holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina ʻApelika koe wale nō nā wahi hema a maloʻo hoʻi;
- hawk liʻiliʻi E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, he manu waena o ka manu lele. ʻO kona lōʻihi ma kahi o 35 mau kenimika, a ʻo kona kaumaha ma kahi o 300 gram. ʻOiai kona mamao loa mai ka nui poʻokela, ʻo ka manu he predator hana nui a hiki i ka hopu ʻana i ka pāʻani i ʻelua mau manawa o kona kaumaha ponoʻī. I kona kala, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka hawk liʻiliʻi mai ka goshawk ʻEulopa. Noho ka predator winged ma ka ʻākau a me ke komohana o nā ʻāina o ʻApelika.
- hawk māmā. He manu laha ʻole, ka mea i loaʻa ka inoa ma muli o kona kala ʻokoʻa loa. I ka nui a me nā maʻamau, he kope kokoke ia o kona hoa ʻEulopa. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, aia ma kahi o 100 mau kānaka o ka goshawk keʻokeʻo i ka honua a loaʻa lākou āpau ma Australia;
- hawk ʻulaʻula. He lunamakaʻāinana ʻokoʻa loa o ka ʻohana hawk. Ua like ia me ka nui o ka manu i nā pūnana i loko o ʻEulopa, akā ʻokoʻa i ka plumage ʻulaʻula (a ʻulaʻula). He hekili maoli kēia manu no nā ʻoka, nāna e hana i ka hapa nui o kāna papaʻai.
Nui ka ʻohana o goshawks, akā like nā ʻano maʻamau o nā manu āpau, ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia me ka nui a me nā helehelena.
Ma hea e noho ai ka goshawk?
Kiʻi: Goshawk ma Lūkia
ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe no nā manu kahi nui o nā ululāʻau, nāhelehele a me nā ululāʻau-tundra (ke hiki mai i nā ʻākau o Lūkia). ʻOiai ʻo ka noho ʻana ma Nūhōlani a me ʻApelika, noho kēia mau manu ma ka palena o ka savanna a i ʻole ka nahelehele, makemake e noho kokoke i nā kumulāʻau nui.
I ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, ola ʻokoʻa nā hawks ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, mai nā Caucasus Mountains a i Kamchatka a me Sakhalin.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: He hui ʻokoʻa o nā pūnana hawks ma nā mauna ʻo Caucasus. I ka nui a me ka nohona, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa lākou mai nā kānaka o ʻEulopa, akā ʻaʻole like me lākou ʻaʻole lākou e pūnana i nā lāʻau nui, akā i nā pōhaku. He kākaʻikahi loa kēia, ʻoiai ʻo lākou wale nō nā hawk o ka honua e hana i nā pūnana ma nā pōhaku ʻōlohelohe.
Hoʻohui ʻia, noho nā manu ma ʻAsia, Kina a me Mekiko. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka poʻe i kēia mau ʻāina, akā ke hana nei nā luna mokuʻāina i nā hana nui e pale aku ai i ko lākou lehulehu. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o ka nohona kūlohelohe, ua hoʻokau ʻia nā manu e noho ma kahi kokoke o nā wahi noho kanaka, a ma kekahi mau hihia pololei i nā kūlanakauhale.
ʻO kahi laʻana he ʻohana o goshawks i noho i nā wahi paka ma loko o ke kūlanakauhale. A i ka makahiki 2014, ua kūkulu kekahi mau manu ʻekahi hulu manu i kā lākou punana ma luna o kahi hale hānai ma Nu Ioka.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka goshawk. E ʻike kākou i kāna mea e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea a ka goshawk e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: goshawk hawk manu
He manu lele ka hawk a ʻai wale ia i ka meaʻai holoholona. Hiki i nā manu ʻōpio ke hopu i nā mea kolo nui, nā rana a me nā koʻokoʻo, akā i ka wā ʻōpio, neʻe nā goshawks e hopu i nā manu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻāpana nui loa o kā ka Hawk ʻai:
- nūnū;
- ʻalalā;
- muries;
- ʻeleʻele;
- jays.
ʻO Hawks, i kā lākou piko o ke hoʻoikaika kino, ʻimi maʻalahi i nā ʻāpō, nā geese, nā ʻau wahie a me nā ʻaʻai ʻeleʻele. Kū pinepine kahi manu hulu manu kope me ka mea pio e like ke kaupaona a ʻoi aku ka nui.
ʻO ka huelo pōkole a me nā ʻeheu ikaika e kōkua i ka hawk e maneuver a hoʻololi koke i ka ʻaoʻao o ka lele. Inā pono, ʻimi ka manu ma waena o nā kumulāʻau, alualu ʻana i nā hares a me nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. Ke pōloli kahi hawk, ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e hopu i kahi moʻo nui a i ʻole he nahesa e lele ana i luna o nā pōhaku.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO ka goshawk, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano he manu lele, hiki ke hoʻouka i ka moose a i nā dia paha. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i ka manu ke kūpale i kahi mea pio nui, akā "hoʻolohi" ia i ka holoholona a ʻae i kahi ʻālio o nā ʻīlio e lele i luna o ka mea pio.
Hoao ka poʻe hahai holoholona ʻaʻole e alualu i nā wahi kahi e noho ai ka goshawk. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka makaʻu o ka hulu manu e makaʻu ai a luku paha i nā manu ʻē aʻe he mau kilomika ke anawaena. ʻAʻole e lawe ka hopena i kēia i nā hopena a ʻaʻole e lawe i ka hauʻoli.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻO Goshawk i ka lele ʻana
ʻAneʻane kokoke ka laha o nā goshawks āpau, a inā ʻaʻole kū mai ka force majeure, a laila noho nā mea ʻaihue i ko lākou ola āpau i hoʻokahi panalāʻau. ʻO nā mea koe wale nō nā manu e noho ana ma ka ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o ʻAmelika kokoke i nā Pōhaku Pōhaku. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe mea pio i kēia mau ʻāpana, a koi ʻia nā mea ʻohana ʻēheu e neʻe i ka hema.
ʻO ka goshawk kahi manu wikiwiki a wikiwiki hoʻi. Alakaʻi ia i kahi nohona diurnal, makemake e alualu i ke kakahiaka a i ʻole ke awakea ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka lā i kāna zenith. Hoʻolālā ka manu i ka pō i ka pūnana, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻokau ʻia kona mau maka no ka huli holoholona i ka pō.
Hoʻopili paʻa ʻia ka hawk i kā lākou panalāʻau, hoʻāʻo lākou ʻaʻole e lele i waho a hoʻolilo i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa i ka pūnana like. He monogamous kēia mau manu. Hoʻokumu lāua i kahi paʻa paʻa a hoʻomau pono i kekahi i kekahi i ko lākou ola.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻimi holoholona o kahi mau hawk e kāwili ana, akā ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ʻia me kekahi. Nui lili nā manu i ko lākou ʻāina a kipaku aku (a pepehi paha) i kekahi mau mea ʻili hulu ʻē aʻe e lele i aneʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hawk wahine ma mua o nā kāne, he 2-3 mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou ʻāina. ʻO ia nā kāne i manaʻo ʻia he loaʻa nui i ka ʻohana, a no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou wahi hahai holoholona.
I ko lākou wahi maoli, hana nā hawk i nā pūnana i ka ulu lāʻau ulu, ma nā piko o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe loa, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a 20 mau mika.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Goshawk ma Belarus
Hoʻomaka ke kāne e launa me ka wahine mai ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ka mua o Iune. ʻAneʻane ma hope koke iho o ka manawa o ka noho aloha ʻana, hoʻomaka ke pālua i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana, a komo pū ke kāne a me ka wahine i kēia kaʻina hana.
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka pūnana i loko o ʻelua mau mahina ma mua o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o ka hua manu a ʻelua paha pule ka lōʻihi. I kēia manawa, hoʻolako nā manu i kahi pūnana nui (ma kahi o hoʻokahi mika ke anawaena). No ke kūkulu ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā lālā maloʻo, ka ʻili lāʻau, nā nila a me nā wana lāʻau.
ʻO ka maʻamau, aia he 2-3 mau hua i ka pūnana o ka goshawk. ʻAneʻane ʻokoʻa lākou i ka nui mai ka moa, akā he aniani uliuli a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka paʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua no 30-35 mau lā a noho ka wahine ma luna o nā hua. I kēia manawa, ʻimi a hoʻolako ke kāne kāne i kāna ipo wahine me ka mea pio.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā kāne, noho ka wahine me lākou i ka pūnana no hoʻokahi mahina holoʻokoʻa. I loko o kēia wā, ʻimi nā kāne me ka ikehu hou a hāʻawi i ka wahine a me nā moa āpau me ka meaʻai.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, ulu ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻēheu, akā hānai mau nō ko lākou mau mākua iā lākou, e aʻo ana iā lākou pehea e huli holoholona ai. ʻEkolu mau mahina wale nō ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pūnana, kūʻokoʻa loa nā keiki a haʻalele i ko lākou mau mākua. Hana ʻia ke ʻano makua o nā manu i hoʻokahi makahiki.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ola ke goshawk ma kahi o 14-15 mau makahiki, akā i ke ʻano o nā mālama me ka meaʻai maikaʻi a me ka mālama kūpono ʻana, hiki i nā manu ke ola i 30 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka goshawk
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka goshawk
Ma ka nui, ʻaʻohe o ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe ka goshawk, ʻoiai aia kēia manu ma ka piko o ka chain wing predator. He ʻenemi kūlohelohe ʻo ia no nā manu he nui a me nā pāʻani nahele liʻiliʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā alopeke ke hoʻoweliweli i nā holoholona ʻōpio. ʻO kēia kahi o nā mea wao nahele akamai loa i hiki ke nānā i kā lākou mea pio no nā hola, a inā he gags manu ʻōpio, a laila hiki i ka ʻalopeke ke hoʻouka i kahi hawk.
I ka pō, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i nā hawks e nā pueo a me nā pueo aeto. ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole nā Goshawks i ka pouli, ʻo ia ka mea a ka pueo, nā mea ʻaihue maikaʻi i ka pō e hoʻohana ai. Hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā moa i ka pō, me ka makaʻu ʻole i ka hoʻopaʻi mai nā ʻio makua.
ʻO nā manu ʻona ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka nui o kahi hawk, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i kahi hoʻoweliweli. ʻO kahi laʻana, maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, noho nā ʻioʻi a me nā ʻaeto i kaiāulu, a ʻo nā ʻaeto, ma ke ʻano he manu nui aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui ma luna o nā hawk a mai hoʻowahāwahā loa e ʻimi iā lākou.
Eia hou, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pāʻani, hiki i nā hawks ke komo pū i ka cannibalism a ʻai i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi a nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā puaʻa a lākou. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea weliweli loa no nā goshawks ka poʻe e ʻimi manu no nā plumage nani a i ʻole e hana i kahi holoholona momona a kupaianaha hoʻi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Hawk Goshawk
Minamina, ke emi mau nei ka heluna o goshawk hawk. A inā ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia aia ma kahi o 400 tausani manu, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 tausani. Ua hana kēia ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, aia ka ulu ulu ʻana o ka mahi moa a no kekahi manawa lōʻihi i manaʻo ʻia he mea hoʻoweliweli ka hawk i nā moa, nā geese a me nā ʻāpala.
No kekahi mau makahiki, he nui nā manu i luku ʻia, a ua alakaʻi ʻia i kahi geometric i ka nui o nā manu liʻiliʻi, a lilo ia i mea nui e hōʻino ai i ka mahiʻai. Ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kaulike kaiaola a ʻaʻole i hoʻihoʻi ʻia a hiki i kēia lā. Ua lawa ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka "sparrow hunt" kaulana ma Kina e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka nui o ka nui o ka pōʻino.
I kēia manawa, hāʻawi ʻia ka heluna goshawk penei:
- USA - 30 tausani mau kānaka;
- ʻApelika - 20 tausani mau kānaka;
- Nā ʻāina ʻĀsia - 35 tausani mau kānaka;
- Lūkia - 25 tausani mau kānaka;
- ʻEulopa - ma kahi o 4 tausani manu.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo nā helu āpau kahi kokoke, a he nui nā ʻepekema - hopohopo nā ornithologists i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻoi aku nā manu. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i 4-5 mau pālua o nā hawk ke noho ma 100 tausani mau mika kūlike. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka panalāʻau o nā ululāʻau relict ke alakaʻi nei i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke emi nei ka nui o nā lawaiʻa a ʻaʻohe mea e pono ai no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kēia kūlana.
ʻO Sparrowhawk he manu manu nani ʻo ia ka ʻēheu hoʻonohonoho o ka nahele. Kōkua kēia mau manu i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike kūlohelohe o nā kūlohelohe a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻeha nui i nā mahi manu moa nui. I nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua, pale ʻia nā ʻio e ka mokuʻāina, a ʻo ka ʻimi holoholona no lākou aia ma lalo o ka pāpā kapu loa.
Lā paʻi: 08/30/2019
Lā hou: 22.08.2019 ma 22:01
