Crocodile Nile ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea kolo weliweli loa. Ma muli o kāna helu lehulehu o nā poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia. Ke hoʻoweliweli nei kēia mea kolo i nā mea ola a puni ia no nā kenekulia he nui. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea, ʻo kēia ʻano nui ka nui ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻelua e noho ana ma ʻApelika. I ka nui, ʻo ka lua wale nō ia i ka crocodile i hoʻohui ʻia.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Nila crocodile
ʻO kēia subspecies ka ʻelele maʻamau o kona ʻano. ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana o kēia mau holoholona i hoʻomaka i ka moʻolelo o ʻAigupita Kahiko, akā aia kekahi mau kumumanaʻo i noho nā kolo i ka Honua a hiki i nā lā o nā dinosaurs. ʻAʻole pono e alakaʻi hewa i ka inoa, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e noho wale ma ka muliwai Nile wale nō, akā ʻo nā wai wai ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika a me nā ʻāina kokoke.
Wikiō: Nila crocodile
ʻO ka lāhui Crocodylus niloticus no ka genus ʻo nā koka maoli o ka ʻohana Crocodile. Nui a hewahewa nā kikowaena inoa, nā DNA kālailai i hōʻike ai i kekahi mau ʻokoʻa, ma muli o ka nui o ka lehulehu e loaʻa ai ka discrepancies o nā kūpuna. ʻAʻohe o lākou kūlana i ʻike nui ʻia a hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia e nā ʻokoʻa o ka nui, i kumu ʻia e ka wahi noho.
- ʻApelika Hema;
- ʻApelika Komohana;
- ʻApelika Hikina;
- ʻAitiopa;
- ʻApelika Waena;
- Malagari;
- Kenyan.
Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe i make i nā niho o kēia ʻāpana ma mua o nā mea kolo āpau. Pepehi ka poʻe o Nile cannibal i kekahi mau haneli mau makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e pale i nā ʻōiwi o Madagascar mai ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā holoholona kolo, hoʻomana iā ia a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā lā hoʻomana i ko lākou hanohano, ka mōhai ʻana i nā holoholona kūloko.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Nā kolo kolo Nile
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kānaka me ka huelo i 5-6 mau mika. Akā ʻokoʻa paha nā nui ma muli o ka nohona. Me ka lōʻihi o 4-5 mau mika, hiki ke kaupaona o nā mea kolo i 700-800 kilogram. Inā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 6 mau mika, a laila hiki i ka nui ke hoʻololi i waena o kahi tone.
Kūkulu ʻia ke ʻano o ke kino i mea e lawa ai ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i ka wai me ka hiki ke hiki i nā crocodiles. Kōkua ka huelo ikaika a nui e neʻe wikiwiki a pahu i ka lalo i kahi ala e lele ai i kahi mamao aku ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ka crocodile ponoʻī.
Pālahalaha ke kino o ka mea kolo, ma nā wāwae hope pōkole aia nā membrane ākea, ma ke kua ka pale kaua scaly. Ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke poʻo, ma ka ʻaoʻao ma luna ona he ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā maka, nā ihu a me nā pepeiao, i hiki ke waiho ma ka ʻili i ke kai a hohonu o ke kino. Aia kahi kolu o ka maka i nā maka no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou.
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ka ʻili o nā ʻōpio, ʻeleʻele nā kiko ma nā ʻaoʻao a ma ke kua, melemele i ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī. Me ka makahiki, ʻeleʻele ke kala - mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻumiʻumi. Aia kekahi mau mea loaʻa ma ka ʻili e ʻohi i ka haʻalulu iki o ka wai. Lohe ka crocodile a ʻike i nā pilau ma mua o kāna ʻike.
Hiki i nā kope ke noho ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i ka hapalua hola. Loaʻa kēia i ka hiki i ka puʻuwai ke pale i ke kahe o ke koko i nā akemāmā. Akā, hele i ka lolo a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe o ke ola. ʻAʻau nā kolo i ka wikiwiki o 30-35 mau kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola, a neʻe i ka ʻāina ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o 14 kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola.
Ma muli o ka ulu o ka ʻāʻī i ka ʻāʻī, ka mea e pale ai i ka wai mai ke komo ʻana i nā akemāmā, hiki i nā kolo Nile ke wehe i ko lākou waha ma lalo o ka wai. Lohi loa kā lākou metabolism i hiki ʻole i nā mea kolo ke ʻai no nā lā he ʻumi a keu. Akā, kikoʻī i ka wā pōloli, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai a hiki i ka hapalua o kā lākou kaumaha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka crocodile Nile?
Kiʻi: Nile crocodile i loko o ka wai
Noho ʻo Crocodylus niloticus i ka wai o ʻApelika, ma ka mokupuni ʻo Madagascar, kahi a lākou i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ke ola i nā ana, ma Comoros a me Seychelles. Hele ka wahi i ʻApelika-Saharan ʻApelika, ma Mauritius, Principe, Morocco, Cape Verde, Socotra Island, Zanzibar.
Loaʻa ka fossil i hiki ke hoʻokolokolo i ka wā kahiko i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i nā panalāʻau ʻākau: ma Lebanona, Palesetina, Suria, Algeria, Libya, Ioredane, nā Comoros, a ʻaʻole i hala i hala loa aku nei mai nā palena o ka ʻIseraʻela. I Palesetina, noho kahi helu liʻiliʻi ma kahi hoʻokahi - ka Crocodile River.
Hoʻemi ʻia ka nohona i nā wai hou a i ʻole nā paʻakai liʻiliʻi, nā loko, nā waihona wai, nā wai kai, hiki ke loaʻa i nā ulu lāʻau mangrove. Makemake nā mea kolo i nā waihona kūmau me nā kaha one. Hiki ke hālāwai me kekahi mea mamao aku i ka wai inā e ʻimi nei ka mea kolo i kahi noho hou ma muli o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ka mea ma mua.
I nā hihia kaʻawale, ua hui nā buaya Nile i mau mile he nui mai ke kahakai i ke kai ākea. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau no kēia ʻano, neʻe ka neʻe ʻana i ka wai paʻakai i nā mea kolo e noho a hānau hou i nā lāhui liʻiliʻi ma kekahi mau mokupuni.
He aha ka ʻai o ka crocodile Nile?
Kiʻi: puke Nīpala Crocodile Nile
He papaʻai like ʻole kēia mau mea kolo. ʻAi nui nā ʻōpio i nā pepeke, nā crustacea, nā rana, a me nā mollusc. Pono nā crocodile makua i ka meaʻai i ka manawa pinepine. Ke hoʻololi nei i nā mea kolo e loli iki i ka iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o nā kino wai - otters, mongooses, reed reed.
70% o ka meaʻai o nā mea kolo me nā iʻa, ke koena o ka pākēneka i hana ʻia e inu.
Hiki iā ia:
- zebras;
- buffalo;
- nā mikira;
- rhino;
- wildebeest;
- nā hare;
- manu;
- feline;
- ʻakaʻaka;
- nā kolo ʻē aʻe.
Holo lākou i nā amphibians i ke kahakai me nā neʻe o ka huelo ikaika, e hana ana i nā haʻalulu, a laila hopu maʻalahi iā lākou i ka wai papau. Hiki i nā kolo ke kūpale kūʻē i ke au o ka manawa a paʻa i ke kakali ʻana i ka mullet e ʻō mai ana a me ka mullet striped swimming i hala. Alualu ka poʻe mākua i ka Nile perch, tilapia, catfish a ʻo nā manō liʻiliʻi pū kekahi.
Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea kolo ke lawe i ka meaʻai mai nā liona, nā leopadi. Hoʻouka ka poʻe nui loa i nā buffaloes, hippos, zebras, giraffes, ʻelepani, hyenas brown, a me nā cub rhino. Hoʻokomo nā Crocodiles i ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia manawa kūpono. ʻO nā wahine wahine kiaʻi wale i kā lākou mau hua e ʻai liʻiliʻi.
Kauo lākou i ka mea pio ma lalo o ka wai a kali a make ʻo ia. Ke pau ka hōʻike ʻana o nā mea ola i nā hōʻailona o ke ola, haehae nā mea kolo i nā ʻāpana. Inā i loaʻa pū ka meaʻai, hoʻohui lākou i nā hana e kaʻana like ai. Hiki i nā Crocodiles ke pahu i kā lākou mea pio ma lalo o nā pōhaku a i ʻole ka driftwood e hana maʻalahi ai e wāwahi iā ia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Pōhaku Nile Nui
Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā crocodile i ka lā i ka lā e hoʻonui i ka mahana o ko lākou kino. I mea e hōʻalo ai i ka wela, hāmama lākou i ka waha. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke ʻoki nā poachers i nā mea kolo a haʻalele iā lākou i ka lā. Mai kēia mea, ua make nā holoholona.
Inā pani koke ka crocodile Nile i kona waha, lilo kēia i hōʻailona i kona ʻohana aia aia kahi pilikia ma kahi kokoke. Ma ke kūlohelohe, ikaika loa kēia ʻano a ʻaʻole hoʻomanawanui i nā malihini ma kāna ʻāina. I ka manawa like, me nā kānaka o kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī, hiki iā lākou ke noho maluhia, hoʻomaha a alualu pū pū.
I ke ao kūohu a me ka ua, noho lākou i ka wai i aneane ko lākou manawa āpau. I nā wahi me nā ʻano anilā hoʻololi, ka maloʻo a i ʻole nā anu anuanu, hiki i nā crocodiles ke ʻeli i nā niches i ke one a me ka hibernate no ke kauwela holoʻokoʻa. I mea e hoʻokumu ai i ka thermoregulation, hele aku nā mea nui loa e bask i ka lā.
Mahalo i kā lākou kala kamepiula, nā supersensitive receptor a me ka mana kūlohelohe, he poʻe ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi hoʻouka kaua koʻikoʻi a hāʻawi koke i ka manawa i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia e hoʻi hou ai, a haʻalele ka iwi ā ikaika i kahi manawa e ola ai. Hele lākou i ka ʻāina e ʻimi ai ma mua o 50 m. Ma laila lākou e kali ai no nā holoholona ma nā ala ulu lāʻau.
Me kekahi mau manu, he pilina pili pono ko nā kūpau o Nile. Wehe nā kolo i ko lākou waha ākea i ka wā e maʻalā ai ka lapwings a i ʻole, e laʻa me nā mea holo o ʻAigupita e ʻohi i nā mea ʻai paʻa mai ko lākou niho. Noho maluhia nā wahine o nā crocodiles a me nā hippos, e waiho ana i nā keiki ma luna o kekahi me kekahi no ka pale ʻana mai felines a hyenas paha.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: pēpē Nile pēpē
Hiki i nā kolo ke oo i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki he ʻumi. I kēia manawa, hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi i 2-2.5 mau mika. I ka wā o ka male ʻana, paʻi nā kāne i kā lākou muzzles i ka wai a halulu nui, e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o nā wahine. A ʻo kēlā poʻe, koho i nā kāne nui.
I nā latitu ʻākau, hāʻule ka hoʻomaka o kēia manawa i ke kauwela, ma ka hema ʻo Nowemapa-Kekemapa. Kūkulu nā pilina Hierarchical ma waena o nā kāne. Ke hoʻāʻo nei kēlā me kēia e hōʻike i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka hoa paio. ʻŪlū nā kāne, hoʻopūʻiwa i ka ea, puhi i nā huʻa me ko lākou waha. ʻO nā wahine i kēia manawa pīhoihoi i ka huelo i ka wai.
ʻAʻau koke ke kāne i eo i ka mea hoʻokūkū, e ʻae ana i ka eo. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke pakele, hoʻāla ka maka i ka maka i luna, e hōʻike ana ua hāʻawi pio ʻo ia. Lanakila ka mea lanakila i kekahi manawa i ka mea i eo ʻia e ka paw, akā ʻaʻole nahu. ʻO kēlā mau kaua e kōkua i ka kipaku aku i nā mea keu aku mai ka ʻāina o ka paʻa paʻa.
Hoʻomoe nā wahine i nā hua manu ma nā kahakai one a me nā kapa muliwai. ʻAʻole mamao loa mai ka wai, ʻeli ka wahine i kahi pūnana ma kahi o 60 kenimika ka hohonu a waiho i nā hua he 55-60 (hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka helu mai 20 a 95 mau ʻāpana). ʻAʻole ʻo ia e ʻae i kekahi i ka lālau ma kahi o 90 mau lā.
I loko o kēia wā, hiki i ke kāne ke kōkua iā ia, e makaʻu i nā malihini. I loko o ka manawa ke koi ʻia ka wahine e haʻalele i ka paʻa ma muli o ka wela, hiki ke luku ʻia nā pūnana e mongooses, ka poʻe a me nā hyenas paha. I kekahi manawa lawe ʻia nā hua manu e nā kahawai. Ma ka awelika, 10-15% o nā hua i ola a hiki i ka hopena o kēia manawa.
Ke pau ka manawa hoʻoulu, hana nā pēpē i nā leo namunamu, kahi hōʻailona ia no ka makuahine e ʻeli i ka pūnana. I kekahi manawa kōkua ʻo ia i nā keiki e kū aʻe ma ka ʻōwili ʻana i nā hua i loko o kā lākou waha. Hoʻolilo ʻo ia i nā crocodiles hānau hou i ka waihona wai.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā crocodile Nile
Kiʻi: Nila crocodile
ʻAʻohe ʻenemi a ka poʻe mākua i ke kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā Crocodiles ke make ma mua o nā lunamaka nui o kā lākou laha, nā holoholona nui e like me nā liona a me nā leopadi, a mai nā lima kanaka paha. ʻO nā hua i hoʻomoe ʻia e lākou a i ʻole nā keiki hānau hou e maʻalahi i ka hōʻeha.
Hiki i nā pūnana ke hao wale ʻia e:
- mongoose;
- nā manu lele e like me nā ʻaeto, nā buzzards, a me nā ʻekue;
- nānā i nā moʻo;
- pelicans.
Alualu ʻia nā pēpē i haʻalele ʻole ʻia e:
- feline;
- nānā i nā moʻo;
- nā kūpale;
- puaʻa ʻāhiu;
- goliath herons;
- manō;
- honu.
I nā ʻāina he nui kahi o ka nui o nā kānaka, ʻae ʻia e alualu i nā kolo Nile. Haʻalele nā kahu holoholona i nā kupapaʻu o nā holoholona i kahakai i maunu. ʻAʻole mamao loa mai kēia wahi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi hale a ke kali nei ka mea hahai holoholona me ka neʻe ʻole no ka mea kolo e nahu ai i ka maunu.
Pono nā Poachers e waha me ka neʻe ʻole i loko o ka manawa holoʻokoʻa, no ka mea, ma nā wahi i ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona, akahele loa nā crocodiles. Hoʻonoho ʻia ka hale i 80 mau mika mai ka maunu. Hiki i nā kolo ke hoʻolohe i ka hana maʻamau a nā manu e ʻike kanaka.
Hōʻike nā kolo i ka hoihoi i ka maunu ma loko o ka lā, ʻokoʻa i nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. Lawe ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e pepehi kanaka e nā lawehala wale nō ma nā crocodiles i kolo loa mai ka wai. Pono ke kī ʻana i ka pololei e like me ka hiki, no ka mea inā he manawa ka holoholona e hiki i ka wai ma mua o ka make ʻana, paʻakikī loa ka hoʻopuka ʻana i waho.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Nā kolo kolo Nile
Ma 1940-1960, aia kahi huli ʻimi no nā crocodiles o Nile ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou ʻili, ʻai iʻa ʻia, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻĀsia hoʻi, ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā mea kolo i hāʻawi ʻia i nā waiwai hoʻōla. Ua alakaʻi kēia i kahi emi nui o kā lākou helu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā mea kolo he 40 mau makahiki, ola kekahi poʻe a 80.
Ma waena o 1950 a me 1980, ua koho hewa ʻole ʻia ma kahi o 3 miliona mau ʻili crocodile Nile i make a kūʻai ʻia. I kekahi mau wahi o Kenya, ua hopu ʻia nā mea kolo nunui me nā ʻupena. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻae ʻia ka helu i koe i nā mea kolo kipi e koho ʻia ʻo Least Concern.
I kēia manawa, aia he 250-500 tausani kānaka o kēia laha i ke kūlohelohe. Ma ka hema a me ka hikina o ʻApelika, nānā a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka helu o kēlā me kēia. Ma West a me Central Africa, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlana. Ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka nānā ʻana, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka heluna kanaka i kēia mau wahi.
ʻO ke kūlana maikaʻi ʻole a me ka hoʻokūkū me ka crocodile ʻāʻī a me ka ihu i hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka luku ʻia o nā laha. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana ma kahi o nā bogs kekahi mea maikaʻi ʻole e ola ai. E hoʻopau i kēia mau pilikia, pono e hoʻomohala i nā papahana kaiapuni hou.
Ka pale ʻana o ka crocodile Nile
Kiʻi: Nile crocodile mai ka Red Book
Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano i loko o ka Red Book of the World Conservation Union a ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka mahele i pili i ka makaʻu liʻiliʻi. Aia nā crocodile Nile i ka Pepa Hoʻohui I Cites, kālepa i ke ola kanaka a i ʻole mālama ʻia ko lākou ʻili e kahi ʻaha kūkā honua. Ma muli o nā kānāwai aupuni e pāpā ana i ka lako o ka ʻili crocodile, ua hoʻonui iki ʻia kā lākou helu.
I mea e hānai ai i nā mea kolo, ke hana kūleʻa nei nā māla crocodile a i ʻole nā mahiā. Akā ka hapanui aia lākou e kiʻi i ka ʻili holoholona. He mea nui nā koka Nile i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai mai ka hoʻohaumia ma muli o nā kupapaʻu i komo i loko. Mālama pū lākou i ka nui o nā iʻa i hilinaʻi ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Ma ʻApelika, ua ola ka hoʻomana o ka crocodile a hiki i kēia lā. Ma laila lākou he holoholona laʻa a he pepehi kanaka ka pepehi ʻana iā lākou. I Madagascar, noho nā mea kolo i nā waihona wai kūikawā, kahi e kaumaha ai nā kamaʻāina kūloko i nā holoholona iā lākou i nā lā hoʻomana.
Ma muli o ka ʻeha o nā crocodiles mai ka hopohopo o kahi kanaka nāna e alakaʻi i nā hana hoʻokele waiwai i ko lākou mau panalāʻau, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea kolo ke hoʻololi i nā kūlana hou. No kēia mau kumu, aia nā mahiʻai kahi e kope hou ʻia ai nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu loa no ko lākou noho ʻana.
Inā hoʻohālikelike ʻoe i ka crocodile Nile me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ʻenemi kēia mau kānaka i kānaka. Akā ma muli o ke kokoke loa i nā wahi noho aboriginal, ʻo lākou ka mea e pepehi i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Aia kahi mea ʻai kāne ma ka puke Guinness o nā moʻolelo - noke crocodilenāna i pepehi he 400 mau kānaka. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona i ʻai i ka poʻe 300 ma ʻApelika Waena ʻaʻole e hopu ʻia.
Lā paʻi: 03/31/2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 11:56
