ʻO ke ʻano o ka penikala Crimean he waiwai a ʻano like ʻole, kahi e noho pū ai nā ʻāina ulu mauna me nā mea paepae. Noho nā ʻano holoholona he nui i kēia mau panalāʻau, me ʻehiku ʻano nāhesa, a he mea weliweli ʻelua i nā kānaka. ʻO ka poʻe puni leʻaleʻa huakaʻi, a me nā mea aloha i ka hoʻokipa kūwaho, pono e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā mea kolo weliweli a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi. ʻAʻole ʻeha pū ka ʻike i ke ʻano kūpono ke hui me kahi nahesa, he aha ka mea hiki a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ma ia mau hihia.
Nahesa ʻawahia
ʻO nā moʻo nahesa ma Crimea, ola wale nō ka stepiper viper, kahi i loaʻa nui i nā ʻāpana steppe a me nā ululāʻau steppe o Eurasia.
Moku ʻāpapa
ʻO kahi moʻo nui nui, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 40-60 cm, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻAʻole like me ka viper maʻamau, nona ke kino i ākea ma ka ʻaoʻao waena, like ke kino o ka stepper viper i ka mānoanoa, ʻoiai ia, me he mea lā, ua pālahalaha iki ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao.
Hoʻokiʻoki iki ʻia ke poʻo, uhi ʻia i mua me nā scute kaulike kaulike ʻole, a hāpai iki ʻia nā kihi o ka waha.
He hina hina-ʻeleʻele nā unahi o ka nahesa, ʻoiai ma ke kua kahi ʻano zigzag ʻokoʻa o ka lau ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele eleele. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, aia kahi lālani o nā wahi ʻeleʻele blurry blurry. Hinahina ka ʻōpū, me nā kiko uila. ʻOi aku ka ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele loa nā steppe melanistic vipers.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hiki ke loaʻa kēia nahesa ma nā kapuaʻi, steppes, semi-deserts, a ma nā kuahiwi, kahi e noho ai lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe a 2700 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
Mea nui! I ke kauwela, hana nui ka viper steppe i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, ʻoiai i ka puna a me ke kauwela makemake ʻo ia e alualu i ka lā. Ma ka ʻāina he lohi ia, akā ʻauʻau maikaʻi a hiki ke piʻi i nā lālā o nā laʻalāʻau a i ʻole nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa.
Ala aʻe kēia nahesa ke piʻi ka mahana o ka ea i ʻehiku mau kekelē, a hāʻule kāna wā hānau ma ʻApelila-Mei. I ka pau ʻana o ke kauwela, lawe mai ka nahesa mai 4 a i 24 mau anakika, a ʻo ka nui ma kahi o 11-13 cm, a lilo i moekolohe ma ke kolu o ka makahiki o ke ola.
Hiki ke weliweli i ka viper steppe i nā kānaka, akā i ka manawa like he pōmaikaʻi nui ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e luku wale i nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā moʻo, akā ʻo nā mea hoʻomake mahiʻai - nā rodents a me nā orthoptera. Hana nā ʻūhini i ʻāpana nui o kāna papaʻai, a lilo pinepine ia i pōʻino maoli no nā mahiʻai.
Nahesa nahenahe
Noho ʻeono mau ʻano nahesa non-ʻona ma nā ʻāina o ka Crimean Peninsula. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi o lākou ke hoʻoweliweli i kahi kanaka, ʻoiai he ʻano kolohe kona.
Nahesa opu melemele
Pili ia i nā nahesa ʻEulopa nui loa: i kekahi manawa hiki i 200-250 knm ka nui, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo o ka ʻāpana melemele-belele me ka muzzles poepoe, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ka ʻāʻī. Kūlou iki nā maka, me kahi haumāna puni. Kūlike nā unahi i ka nui, akā laumania.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino i kala ʻia i ka ʻoliva a i ʻole ka melemele-ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula, i ka hue cherry ʻulaʻula, aia kekahi mau ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka ʻōpū hoʻokahi kala, melemele māmā, ʻalani a ʻalani ʻulaʻula paha.
Makemake kēia mau nahesa e noho ma nā wahi hāmama - i nā ʻāpapa, nā wao akua, ma waena o nā mea kau pōhaku, ma nā pali o nā awawa a me nā awawa.
Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā ululāʻau, nā kāʻei ulu lāʻau, i nā māla, i nā pā waina, i nā wahi o nā hale, i nā mauʻu mauʻu. Piʻi nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1600 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
Alualu lākou i nā koʻokoʻo, nā moʻo, nā amphibians, nā manu a me nā moʻo o kekahi ʻano, e like me nā moʻo a me nā moʻo.
Pākuʻi lākou i loko o ʻApelila-Mei, ma hope o 2.5 mau mahina, hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua he 5-18, a mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā nahesa o ka hāʻule ma kahi o 30 cm ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. a i 10 mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole makaʻu kēia mau nahesa i ka poʻe, ke hui lākou me lākou, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻāʻo e kolo i ka hiki wawe, akā, ʻōwili ʻia i nā apo, hoʻolei i kahi kanaka i kahi mamao a 2 mika, ʻoiai e hoʻāʻo nei e hele i ka maka. ʻO ka nahu o kahi nahesa melemele-belied ke kumu o ka ʻeha nui a waiho pinepine i kahi ʻili liʻiliʻi ma hope ona.
ʻO Leopard Climbing Runner
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne o kēia ʻano i ka 100 cm ka lōʻihi, hiki i nā wahine ke nui iki aʻe - a i 120 cm. ʻO kēia nahesa, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e kona lahilahi a me ke kala ʻokoʻa, aneane hiki ʻole ke huikau me nā mea pili ʻē aʻe.
He ʻākiki ke poʻo o ka nahesa leopadi a liʻiliʻi iki, he ʻalani-ʻalani nā maka, he kaulike kona nui, poepoe ka haumāna.
ʻO ke kala nui o ke kino hinahina a hina hina momi paha, me nā kiko o nā kala ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha ma luna o ia mea, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona ma ka ʻili o ka leopadi a pili me ka outline ʻeleʻele.
Loaʻa nā moʻo leopadi ma ka hema o ʻEulopa. Ma waho o ka Crimea, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou, no ka laʻana, ma ʻItalia, Helene, Turkey, Bulgaria, Croatia.
Hānai nui kēia mau nahesa i nā koʻokoʻo e like me ka iole e like me voles ʻO kā lākou wā hānau ma Mei - Iune, a mai ka 2 a i ka 5 mau pua i hatch i ʻAukake - Kepakemapa.
He ʻano maluhia ko nā Leopard runners a ʻaʻole e hoʻouka mua i ke kanaka, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻāʻo e nahu i ka wā o ka pale ʻana iā lākou iho.
Heihei piʻi piʻi ʻehā kaha
He nahesa nui, e piʻi ana i 260 cm, akā ʻaʻole pōʻino loa i nā kānaka.
ʻO ke poʻo elongated-daimana-ʻano, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka ʻoki o ka haʻi. ʻO ka ʻāpana luna o ke kino e pena ʻia i nā kala ʻeleʻele, melemele a i ʻole hina, ʻo ka ʻōpū he ʻōmaʻomaʻo melemele, i kekahi manawa he ʻeleʻele blurred mark i ke ʻano o nā kiko.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano moʻo nāhesa ʻehā mau kaha lonikū ʻuli o ke kala ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kino o ka mea kolo.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka moʻo piʻi piʻi ʻehā e noho i nā wahi wela mehana, kahi e hoʻomalumalu ai nā wahi mānoanoa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke launa me ia ma nā kaʻe o waho o nā ululāʻau, i nā kahawai kahawai, ma nā pali pōhaku i ulu ʻia e nā ululāʻau, a me nā kahakai kahakai, nā māla waina a me nā māla.
I nā lā ʻōpua, e ʻimi nā nāhesa o kēia laha i ke ao, a i nā lā lā a me nā lā wela, i ka pō a me ke ahiahi.
ʻAi ia i ka ʻaihue, lagomorphs, manu. Piʻi kūpono i nā kumulāʻau, ʻoi aku, ʻike pehea e lanakila ai i ka mamao ma waena o nā lālā mamao loa mai kēlā me kēia ma o ka ea.
I Iulai a ʻAukake paha, hana ka wahine i kahi paʻa o 4 a 16 mau hua, ma hope o 7-9 mau pule, hatch nā cubs mai 20 a 30 cm i ka lōʻihi ma ka awelika. Ua kūpono lākou no ka hana kope ʻana i 3-4 mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole kūʻē lākou i ka poʻe a ke hui ʻino lākou iā lākou, ʻo kēia mau moʻo, ʻo ka maʻamau, hoʻāʻo lākou e peʻe i ka mauʻu mānoanoa i ka wā hiki.
ʻO Medyanka
Ma ka peninsula Crimean, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano keleawe keleawe e ola nei - ka copperhead maʻamau. ʻO ka lōʻihi awelika o kēia mau nahesa he 60-70 cm, ʻoi aku, ʻo ka huelo he 4-6 mau manawa pōkole ma mua o ke kino.
ʻAneʻane poepoe ke poʻo, poepoe ka haumāna, ke ʻano o nā maka he ʻōmaʻomaʻo-gula a ʻulaʻula paha.
Pāleʻa nā unahi, ua hina ke poʻo o luna i ke kala, ʻalani ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula paha me nā tints keleawe. I kēia hihia, ma ke kua, aia paha kahi hiʻohiʻona i ke ʻano o nā kiko blurred a me nā kiko.
Hinahina ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka ʻōpū, akā hiki ke lilo i kekahi kala mai ka uliuli a hiki i ka ʻulaʻula, me nā kiko blurred pouli a me nā kiko.
Ma ke poʻo o nā coppers, ʻike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona, i ke ʻano o kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele e hoʻonui ana mai nā puka ihu i nā luakini.
Noho ʻo Copperheads i kahi i hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi ʻia, me nā wahi maloʻo, e like me nā lihi ululāʻau, nā ululāʻau ulu lāʻau, nā kula a me nā ululāʻau, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i nā kuahiwi a i 3000 mau mika ma luna o kaʻilikai.
He diurnal kēia nahesa, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ke ahiahi a i ka pō hoʻi.
ʻImi ʻo ia i nā moʻo, nā manu waena, nā koʻokoʻo, nā amphibians, a me nā nahesa, i kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻai i nā kānaka liʻiliʻi o kona ʻano.
ʻO ka wā hānau no nā coppers i Mei, a i ke kauwela mai 2 a 15 mau cubic hatch mai nā hua i kau ʻia e ka wahine, ʻo ia nā pūpū lahilahi. Hiki i nā moʻo o kēia ʻano ke oo i ka moekolohe ma o 3-5 mau makahiki, a i ka huina, noho nā keleawe keleawe ma kahi o 12 mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole hoʻouka kaua nā Copperheads i ka poʻe ma mua, ʻaʻole nahu lākou. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e hopu i ka nahesa, a laila e hiss a me nā lunges i kahi ʻenemi hiki. Inā ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia e waiho wale iā ia, e hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻoweliweli i kahi predator hiki ke loaʻa me ke kōkua o kahi wai me kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu ʻole, i hana ʻia i nā glands kūikawā.
ʻOihana maʻamau
Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia ka nahesa mai nā nahesa ʻē aʻe e nā pā o ka melemele, ʻalani a keʻokeʻo paha ma kona poʻo.
ʻO ka awelika o kēia mau moʻo he 140 cm, akā hiki i nā wahine ke ulu a hiki i 2.5 mau mika. He huinakolu ke poʻo, poepoe iki mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka waha. He poepoe ka haumāna o nā moʻo, ʻaʻole kū i luna, e like me nā nahesa ʻawahia.
ʻEʻeleʻele, unahina a ʻeleʻele paha nā unahi, hina ka ʻōpū, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hina hina, i hoʻopili pinepine ʻia me nā kaha ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Makemake nā nahesa e noho ma nā wahi wai, hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau nahesa ma kapa o nā kahawai, nā loko, a me nā wahi wai wai a me nā mauʻu pulu.
ʻAʻole makaʻu kēia mau nahesa i ka poʻe a noho pinepine ma kahi o nā wahi noho, a i kekahi manawa ke kolo nei lākou i ka hale i lalo o nā hale a i ʻole nā māla mea kanu.
Makemake lākou e ʻai i nā nāhesa ma nā amphibians, nā ʻiole e like me ka iole a me nā manu liʻiliʻi, ʻai lākou i nā mea kolo nui.
Hoʻopili kēia mau moʻo i ka punawai, a laila moe ka nahesa mai 8 a 30 mau hua. Ma hope o 1-2 mau mahina, hatch nā cubs mai iā lākou, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 15-20 cm. Mākaukau lākou no ka hana hou ʻana e 3-5 mau makahiki o ke ola, a i ka huina, ola nā nahesa ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki.
Mālama kēia mau nahesa i ka poʻe me ka maluhia a ʻaʻole hoʻouka mua. Akā inā huhū a hoʻāʻo paha lākou e hōʻeha iā lākou, i mea e pale aku ai iā lākou iho, hiki iā lākou ke ninini i kahi wai mānoanoa a ʻala hoʻi i hua ʻia e nā glands kūikawā ma luna o ke kanaka. ʻAʻohe lākou nahu iki, a ʻo nā ʻeha i hoʻokau ʻia e ka inoa e maʻi pinepine ʻia no ka mea o nā niho o nā nahesa he ʻano meli a hōʻiliʻili nā ʻōpala ʻai popo ma luna o lākou.
Wai i kēia manawa
He nahesa, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kona nui ma mua o 1.6 mika, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻAneʻane poepoe ke poʻo, e hoʻopili iki i ka waha, poepoe ka haumāna.
ʻO nā unahi ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino nā ʻoliva kala, ʻoliva-hina a i ʻole ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi e hoʻopuehu ʻia ai nā kiko a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o kahi malu ʻeleʻele. Eia hou, aia kekahi mau nahesa ʻoliva a ʻeleʻele maoli hoʻi.
ʻAʻohe o nā moʻo nāhesa i ka melemele a i ʻole ka ʻalani i ko lākou mau poʻo; ma kahi o, he mau kiko ʻeleʻele V ko kēia mau moʻo.
ʻO ke ala o ke ola o ka nahesa wai e pili pili loa me nā wai paʻakai a wai hou paha, kahi e ʻimi nui ai. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka hapa o kāna papaʻai iʻa, a ʻo ke koena o ka papa kuhikuhi he amphibians ka hapa nui.
Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau moʻo ma nā kahawai ʻo Crimean, kahi a lākou e makemake ai e ʻimi iʻa i ka ʻohana goby.
ʻAʻole hakakā ka wai wai a ʻo ia iho e hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i ka hui ʻana me kekahi kanaka. Inā pono iā ia e pale iā ia iho, a laila hana ʻo ia i kēia me ke kōkua o kahi wai me kahi ʻala pungent, i hana ʻia i loko o nā glands e pili ana i kāna huelo.
Hana nahesa
Makaʻu ka hapanui o ka poʻe i nā nahesa a no laila ʻaʻole makemake e hui pū me lākou. Akā no ka mea kolo ponoʻī, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kahi hoʻokuʻi me ke kanaka ʻoluʻolu, a no laila, ʻo ka hapanui o lākou, me nā hoʻokoe loa loa, e hoʻāʻo e kolo koke ke hiki, ke ʻike lākou i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka poʻe.
I mea no kahi hālāwai kūkā ʻole me kahi nahesa e hana ai me ka ʻole o nā hopena koʻikoʻi, ua pono e hāhai i kekahi mau lula:
- Ke hele nei i ka nahele a i ʻole ka hele wāwae i nā kuahiwi, koi ʻia e komo i nā pālule paʻa lōʻihi a i ʻole nā kapa holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻokomo ʻia nā wāwae i nā kāmaʻa laholio. E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā niho o ka nahesa i ka hanana o kahi hoʻokuʻi me ia. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, liʻiliʻi ka niho o ka nui o nā mea kolo, a no laila, ʻaʻole lākou e hou i nā kāmaʻa a me nā lole.
- Ke neʻe nei i kahi o nā moʻo e noho ai, pono ʻoe e hele wāwae i lohe pono ʻia ke kani o nā ʻanuʻu. ʻO nā moʻo, ke ʻike nei i ka haʻalulu o ka lepo, e holo wikiwiki lākou e hūnā mai ka poʻe aku.
- I ka manawa i hālāwai ai me kahi nahesa ma kahi māla, ululāʻau, māla mea kanu a i ʻole nā kuahiwi, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻokokoke iā ia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke kū ma kahi mamao a kali mālie a hiki i ke kolo ke kolo aku.
- Inā huhū ka nahesa, a pinepine ʻole i ka ʻawahia, akā hana ka nahu ʻana i nā moʻo melemele-bellied, nā hoʻokuʻi e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻalo ʻana, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e neʻe aku mai ke kolo, ʻoiai e mālama mau ana iā ia i mua o ka maka.
- ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻokokoke i kahi nahesa e hoʻomehana iā ia iho ma kahi pōhaku a i ʻole kumu i hāʻule, e hoʻāʻo wale e kipaku iā ia a make paha. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kēia hihia, e hakakā nui ka mea kolo i kona ola.
- Ma mua o kou noho ʻana i lalo i ka ululāʻau a i ʻole nā kuahiwi ma luna o kahi pōhaku a i ʻole kumu paha, pono ʻoe e nānā pono a puni inā ʻaʻole he nahesa ma laila.
- ʻO kahi moʻo kolo e kolo nei i loko o ka hale lole kipa a i ʻole ʻeke moe ʻaʻole pono e makaʻu a hoʻonāukiuki ʻia i loko o ka huhū. Pono ʻoe e mālie, me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana o nā neʻe, kali a hiki i ka kolo ke kolo aku mai nā poʻe.
- ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e pepehi i nā moʻo, ʻoiai ke ʻano hoʻopailua a weliweli paha ko lākou helehelena.
I Crimea, ʻaʻohe nahesa hoʻokahi e make i nā kānaka. ʻOiai ʻo ka lāʻau make o ka stepper viper i ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali ma mua o ka lāʻau o kāna ʻano pili. No ka leopadi pōʻino ʻole a me ka nahesa ʻehā kaha, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hui pū me lākou, ʻoiai he kakaʻake ʻole nā nahesa o kēia ʻano a, ʻoi aku, pale ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe, ke alo me lākou, e hoʻāʻo e hopu iā lākou a hana ʻino iā lākou. ʻO ka mea wale nō o nā moʻo Crimean e hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka poʻe ʻo ia ka nahesa melemele belu, kahi e pono ai ʻoe e noho mamao a mai hoʻāʻo e huhū iā ia. A, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻoweliweli kekahi i ka nahesa a hoʻonāukiuki paha i kahi hoʻouka kaua, ʻoiai ʻo ka hui wale me kēia mea kolo e makaʻu ʻole i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.
