"Stinky" a i ʻole "Smelly Jim" - pili kēia mau inoa manuahi ʻole i kekahi o nā honu liʻiliʻi e noho ana ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAkau. I ka weliweli, kiki ka honu musk i kahi huna viscous me ka pilung ʻaʻala.
Ka wehewehe o ka honu musk
Pili ke kolo i ka genus Musk (Sternotherus / Kinosternon) a hōʻike i ka honu Silt ʻohana (Kinosternidae)... ʻO ka hope, me nā ʻano morphology like ʻole, he hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau - kahi poʻo nui mana me nā ʻāʻī "kila", e haki maʻalahi i nā pūpū o nā mollusks waena.
Mea nui! ʻIke ʻia ʻo Musky mai ke koena o nā honu honua e kekahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka waho - nā kaulahao o ka ulu ʻana ma ka ʻili (ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī), e like me nā papillomas. ʻAʻohe o nā ʻano warts ʻē aʻe.
Eia hou, he lālā ka reptile o nā honu Hunahuna ʻāʻī huna, ka inoa o ia mea i hāʻawi ʻia e ke ala e huki ʻia ai ke poʻo i loko o ka carapace: pelu ka honu musk i kona ʻāʻī i ke ʻano o ka leta Latina "S".
Helehelena
ʻO ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi loa kahi nuance ʻē aʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i ka honu musk mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Mahalo i ka ʻāʻī, lawe ka mea kolo i kona mau wāwae hope me ka ʻole o ka pilikia a me nā hōʻino o ke kino. ʻO kēia nā honu liʻiliʻi i ka nui o ka pāma, kākaʻikahi ka ulu ʻana a 16 cm. Hiki i nā mākua (ke kaukaʻi i ka laha) i kahi awelika o 10-14 knm. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka genus o nā kuhukukū musk i ʻehā mau ʻano (ʻōlelo kekahi mau meaolaola ʻekolu) nā ana ponoʻī:
- honu musk maʻamau - 7.5-12.5 cm;
- honu musk keeled - 7.5-15 cm;
- honu musk liʻiliʻi - 7.5-12.5 cm;
- ʻO Sternotherus depressus - 7.5-11 cm.
ʻO ka moʻoʻōlelo nui o ka carvalace oval he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, i hoʻoulu ʻia me nā kiko ʻoliva. I loko o kahi waihona wai kūlohelohe, ulu ulu ʻo carapace me nā limu a ʻeleʻele ke ʻike maka ʻia. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke kani o ka pale o ka ʻōpū - beige a i ʻole ʻoliva māmā. I nā kuhukukū ʻōpio, ua lako ka pūpū luna me nā kualono ʻekolu i nalo ke oʻo lākou Hoʻolahalaha nā kaha keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo / ʻāʻī o nā mea kolo kolo makua.
ʻO ke alelo o ka honu musk (ma o ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nāwaliwali) he ʻano kumu kona - ʻaʻole pili iki i ka ale ʻana, akā komo pū i ka hana hanu. Mahalo i nā tubercles ma ke alelo, lawe nā kolo kolo i ka oxygen mai ka wai, e ʻae iā lākou e noho i ka loko iʻa me ka haʻalele ʻole. I nā honu ʻōpio, hoʻomālielie ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine. A ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka momona o ke kāne ke hoʻomaka ka huelo e hohola, a hana ʻia nā unahi manamana ma luna o nā ʻūhā o hope.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kēia mau unahi e hāpai ana i ka pipili ʻana i kahi hoa i ka wā o ka moekolohe ʻana i kapa ʻia he "ʻoki kino." No ka leo mai nā leo kani (hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hakakā), e like me ke mele ʻana o kahi kākena a manu paha.
Lahilahi nā lālā o ka honu musk, ʻoiai he lōʻihi: lahilahi lākou i nā wāwae wāwae me nā membrane ākea.
Auila
I ka kuhukukū musk, pili ia me ka mea wai - kolo ka mea kolo i kahakai e hoʻomoe ai i nā hua a i nā wā ua lōʻihi.... He ʻauʻauʻau maikaʻi nā honu, akā ʻo ka mea nui a lākou e makemake ai e holoholo i lalo e ʻimi ai i nā meaʻai kūpono. Hōʻike lākou i ka hoʻonui i ka ikaika i ka pouli, i ka pō a me ka pō. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kāne e kahi ʻano hakakā, e hōʻike ana iā ia iho e pili ana i kā lākou mau hoahānau (ʻo ia ke kumu i noho ai lākou i nā aquarium ʻokoʻa).
Eia hou, i ka paʻa pio ʻana, makaʻu koke lākou, keu hoʻi ma ka mua, a hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i ke kaiapuni hou a me ka poʻe. I kēia manawa wale nō, hoʻohana pinepine nā kuhukukū musk ma mua o ka hana maʻamau i kā lākou mea hana kuʻi - he huna melemele ʻono e huki ʻia e nā pālua musk ʻelua i hūnā ʻia ma lalo o ka pūpū.
Hoihoi ia! Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, makemake nā mea kolo e hōʻike i ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao i ka lā, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hele i ka ʻāina, akā piʻi pū kekahi i nā kumulāʻau, e hoʻohana ana i nā lālā i kūlou ma luna o ka wai.
I nā wahi mehana me nā kino wai kū ʻole, hana nā holoholona i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, a i ʻole hele lākou i ka hoʻoilo. Ola nā honu Muscovy i ka hoʻoilo i nā hoʻoilo e like me:
- nā ʻūlili;
- hakahaka ma lalo o nā pōhaku;
- nā aʻa o nā lāʻau kū i luna;
- lāʻau kalai;
- lalo lepo.
ʻIke nā kolo pehea e ʻeli ai i nā lua a hana i kēia ke hāʻule ka mahana o ka wai i 10 ° C. Inā paʻa ka loko iʻa, komo nā mea kolo i loko o ka hau. Hāleʻa pinepine lākou i nā hui.
Wā ola
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka honu musk ma ka nahelehele no ka maopopo ʻole, akā ʻo ke ola o kēia laha i ke pio ʻana e hoʻokokoke ana ma kahi o 20-25 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Ma ka hikina a ma ka hikina hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka honu musk, ma ka hema hikina o Kanada, a ʻo ka wao akua ʻo Chihuahua (Mexico). Ma ka ʻĀinapuni ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, he mea maʻamau nā mea kolo mai New England a me ka hema o Ontario a i ka hema o Florida. Ma kahi ʻaoʻao komohana, piʻi ka pae i Central / West Texas a me Kansas.
Kūpono nā wahi punahele a kahe mālie i nā waihona wai wai hou (me ka hohonu pāpaʻu a me ka lalo o ka silt). Ma nā panalāʻau hema o ka laulā, hana nā honu i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, i ka ʻākau o ka hibernate.
Mea ʻai o ka honu musk
ʻO nā honu Musk he omnivorous a kāholo i nā mea a pau e moe ana ma lalo, kahi e nānā ai i ke ao a me ka pō... Ke ulu nei i nā mea kolo, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻai i nā mea kanu wai a me nā mea kolo, a i nā manawa kakaikahi, kā lākou mau hoa.
ʻO ka papaʻai o nā holoholona makua nā mea e like me:
- pūpū, ʻo ia hoʻi nā nīnū;
- mea kanu;
- he iʻa;
- centipedes;
- ilo o ka wai;
- kalaiwa.
Ma muli o ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻole o nā mea kolo i ke kino, ua kapa ʻia lākou he ʻaha o nā waihona.
Mea nui! Ke mālama nei i kahi honu musk i loko o ka aquarium home, pono e maʻa i ka pololei a me kahi papaʻai. No laila ʻaʻole moe ka meaʻai ma lalo, ua kāwele ʻia ia ma nā nila kuʻikuʻi a i kēia palapala hāʻawi ʻia i nā kuhukukū.
I ke pio ʻana, loli iki ka papa kuhikuhi o ka honu musk a haku ʻia i nā huahana aʻe:
- crustaceans;
- iʻa iʻa;
- moa moa i hoʻolapalapa ʻia;
- nā mea kanu - duckweed, lettuce, clover, dandelions;
- kalipuna a me nā wikamina e pono ai.
ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokau ʻia ka kuhukukū Musk i loko o ka aquarium me nā iʻa kāhiko, inā ʻaʻole ia e ʻai ia mau mea.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
He pale kaua ikaika ko nā honu āpau, akā, ʻano lawa ʻole, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā lākou i ka palekana - hele mai ka hoʻoweliweli mai ka nui o nā ʻenemi e noho ana i ka wai a me ka ʻāina. ʻO ka hewa nui loa no ka luku ʻia o nā mea kolo ke moe nei me nā poʻe, ke ʻimi ʻana i nā honu no kā lākou mau hua, iʻa, pūpū nani, a i kekahi manawa no ka luhi wale.
Nā holoholona holoholona pio
Loaʻa nā pōpoki nunui a me nā ʻalopeke i ke kau o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kaʻa ikaika, e hoʻolei ana i nā kuhukukū mai kahi kiʻekiʻe i nā pōhaku... ʻO ka jaguar, no ka laʻana, akahele (e like me nā mea ʻike maka) huki i ka mea kolo mai ka pūpū, me he mea lā ʻaʻole e lawe ʻia me nā māiʻuʻu, akā me kahi pahi ʻoi lahilahi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ʻike iki ka predator me hoʻokahi honu, akā huli koke kekahi i kona kua, e koho ana i kahi (me nā mea kanu ʻole). Ma kēlā papa ʻoki, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi mea kolo ke hopu i kekahi mea, kū i luna a kolo aku.
Mea ʻaihue hulu
Hāpai nā manu nui i nā kuhukukū musk i ka lani a mai laila e hoʻolei iā lākou i nā pōhaku e huki i nā mea o ka pūhae. Ke ʻimi pū nei nā manu ʻiʻo i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, kahi e pono ai ke mālama ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā honu i ke ākea. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i ka hale manu me ka ʻupena a i ʻole nānā i ka pipi i kona kolo ʻana e hoʻomehana.
Nā honu
Kūpono nā kolo i ka cannibalism a hoʻouka pinepine i nā ʻohana nāwaliwali, ʻōpio a maʻi paha. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha nā manu kuhukukū musk (me ka nele o ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka ʻoi aku o ka huhū) e hoʻouka i ko lākou mau hoa ʻohana, e waiho nei i ka hope me ka huelo ʻole, nā paws a ... me ke poʻo ʻole.
ʻO ka iʻa Predatory
Hoʻoweliweli kēia mau mea makemake maʻi kūlohelohe i nā kuhukukū ke hānau ʻia lākou.
Mea nui! Inā ʻoe e mālama i kahi honu musk ma ka home, e hoʻāʻo e mālama iā ia mai nā holoholona ʻehā ʻehā, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻiole a me nā ʻīlio. Hiki i ka mea hope ke nahu ma ka pūpū, ʻoiai ka ʻūlū mua i nā wāwae o ka honu a me ka huelo.
Nā pepelu a me nā parasites
Hoʻololi nā kuhukukū nāwaliwali a maʻi hoʻi i mau pio maʻalahi no nā beetles liʻiliʻi a me nā naonao, e huki pono i nā ʻāpana palupalu o ke kino o ka honu i kahi manawa pōkole. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me nā parasite, fungi, helminths a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi, nā mea kolo.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka carapace (ʻokoʻa no kēlā me kēia ʻano) e haʻi iā ʻoe ua mākaukau ka honu musk e hana hou i kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. Hoʻomaka ka wā aloha me ka hoʻomehana a hala mau mau mahina, maʻamau mai ʻApelila a Iune.... Hana ka mea kolo i nā paʻa lima he 2 i kēlā me kēia kau, e hōʻike ana i kona momona maikaʻi loa. Nui ke aloha a me ke aloha ʻole o nā kāne. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā he nui nā hoa: hiki i ka harem ke hōʻona i ka makemake moekolohe kāne me ka hōʻeha ʻole i ke olakino wahine.
ʻO ia ke kumu i loko o nā aquarium o ka home he 3-4 mau wahine ma kēlā me kēia kāne kāne. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ke kāne iā ia iho me ka pili aloha lōʻihi a me nā mele mua - i ka ʻike ʻana (a me ka honi) ʻana i wahine wahine maikaʻi, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ia i kona lima a lawe ʻino ʻia kona puʻuwai iā ia.
Hoihoi ia! Honu manu kuhukukū, hoʻolohe i nā reflexes moekolohe ʻole i male ʻia, kekahi manawa me nā wahine e pili ana i nā ʻano manu kuhukukū ʻē aʻe (pili ʻole).
Hana ʻia ka moekolohe i ke kolamu wai a hoʻopaneʻe pinepine ʻia ʻaʻole no kekahi mau hola, akā no hoʻokahi lā. Ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana hua, kolo ka wahine i uka e hoʻomaka i ka waiho ʻana i nā hua. Hiki i kahi no ke kau ʻana ke:
- he lua i ʻeli kūikawā ʻia;
- pūnana o haʻi;
- ka hohonu ʻana i ke one;
- ka hakahaka ma lalo o ke kumu popopo;
- hale muskrat.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, haʻalele ka makuahine hopohopo i kāna mau keiki e hiki mai ana (i ke ʻano o 2-7 mau hua) ma ka ʻili wale nō. ʻO nā hua (paʻakikī, akā palupalu) elliptical a pena ʻia i kahi kala ʻalani ākea, e lilo i keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mahana hoʻoulu, e lawe ana mai 60 a 107 mau lā, mai + 25 a + 29 ° С. Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻoiai nō i loko o ka hua manu, hiki i nā honu ke hana i nā huna musky.
Inā kau ka honu musk kūloko i nā hua i loko o ka wai, pono lākou e hopu ʻia i mea e pale aku ai i ka make o nā kuhukukū. Ulu aʻe nā pēpē i hālohe ʻia e nā lele, loaʻa koke ke kūʻokoʻa a ʻaʻole pono ka mālama makuahine.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Pale aku ka Alabama Minor Musk Turtle e ke kānāwai pekelala... Me kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka holoholona i ka papa inoa o nā ʻano laha ʻole a ʻaneʻane pau i ka United States. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua loaʻa ʻo Sternotherus minor depressus, a i ʻole, kekahi o kāna mau ʻāpana, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka IUCN Red List (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). ʻAʻole i koe ka weliweli i ke koena o nā kuhukukū musk.
