ʻO Agouti (Dasyprocta) a i ʻole ka hare ʻAmelika Hema gula kahi holoholona waena waena mai ke kaʻina o nā rodents. Hana ʻia kahi holoholona no kona kala metallic a me ka holo wikiwiki ʻana i kapa ʻia he humpback hare, akā, ʻoiai ka inoa, ua like ke ʻano o agouti me kahi puaʻa guinea me nā lālā lōʻihi. ʻAʻau maikaʻi ka holoholona a makemake ʻo ia e noho ma kahi o nā kino wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o ka rodent mai kēia paʻi ʻana.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Agouti
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "agouti" ponoʻī no loko mai o ka Paniolo: agutí - pili i kekahi mau lāhui o nā koʻokoʻo o ka genus Dasyprocta. He kamaʻāina kēia mau holoholona ma ʻAmelika Waena, ma ka ʻākau a ma waena o ʻAmelika Hema, a me ka hema ʻo Lesser Antilles. Pili lākou i nā puaʻa guinea a ʻano like ke nānā aku, akā ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae.
Mea hoihoi: Ma ʻApelika Komohana (ʻo ia hoʻi ma Côte dʻIvoire), pili ka inoa "agouti" i ka ʻiole kō nui, kahi, he pest mahiʻai, hoʻopau ʻia e like me ka ulu lāʻau maikaʻi.
ʻO ka inoa Sepania "agouti" i hōʻaiʻē ʻia mai nā ʻōlelo ʻōiwi o ʻAmelika Hema o ka Tupi Guarani, kahi e pela ai ka pela ʻana o ka inoa me he agutí, agoutí a acutí paha. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo Pukikī Pelekane Pelekane no kēia mau holoholona, cutia, hele mai kēia inoa kumu. Ma Mekiko, ua kapa ʻia ʻo agouti ʻo sereque. I Panamā, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo eeque a ma ka hikina ʻo Ecuador ma ke ʻano he guatusa.
Aia he 11 mau laha i ka genus:
- D. azarae - Agouti Azara;
- D. coibae - Koiban;
- D. cristata - Hoʻopiʻi ʻia;
- D. fuliginosa - ʻEleʻele
- D. guamara - Orinoco;
- D. kalinowskii - Aguti Kalinovsky;
- D. leporina - Palakila;
- D. mexicana - Mekiko;
- D. prymnolopha - Kākoʻo ʻeleʻele;
- D. punctata - ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa;
- D. ruatanica - Roatan.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Agouti holoholona
ʻO ka helehelena o ke koʻokoʻo he inimitable - hoʻohui ia i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hares pepeiao liʻiliʻi a me nā puaʻa guinea. Puni ʻia ke kua o ka holoholona (humped), elongated ke poʻo, liʻiliʻi ka pepeiao poepoe, hūnā ʻia nā huelo lauoho pōkole ma hope o ka lauoho lōʻihi a ʻaneʻane ʻike ʻole ʻia. He olohelohe, puni poepoe nā holoholona, wāwae wāwae, ākea, nā kui lio e like me nā lio a me 4 mau molara ma luna a ma lalo.
Video: Agouti
Hoʻololi nui nā ʻano āpau i ke kala: ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula, ʻalani ʻalani, hina a ʻeleʻele, akā maʻamau me nā ʻāpana māmā a me nā ʻaoʻao. Uhi ʻia ko lākou mau kino me ka lauoho lauoho a mānoanoa e kū aʻe i ka wā e hoʻopilikia ʻia ai ka holoholona. Kaupaona lākou 2.4-6 kg a he 40.5-66 cm ka lōʻihi.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO nā wāwae o ka agouti ʻelima mau manamana wāwae, akā ʻekolu wale nō manamana wāwae o nā wāwae hope me nā māiʻuʻu e like me ka hoof.
Hopu ʻia i ko lākou wā ʻōpio, maʻalahi lākou i ke ʻano maʻalahi, akā alualu ʻia lākou a me nā hares hoʻi. ʻO ka hapanui o nā laha ʻeleʻele ma ke kua a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū. Hiki ke nānā aku ka hulu i kahi hiʻohiʻona a laila ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻalani. Loaʻa i nā wahine ʻehā mau kāne o ka ʻōpū mammary ventral. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā hoʻololi iki o ka helehelena i loko o nā ʻano like. ʻAno like nā ʻōpio me nā mākua liʻiliʻi.
Ma hea e noho ai ka agouti?
Kiʻi: Rodent agouti
ʻO ka holoholona ʻo Dasyprocta punctata, ka mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he agouti o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i loaʻa mai ka hema o Mekiko a i ka ʻākau o ʻAtena. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ka laulā e hoʻonui ʻia mai ka mokuʻāina ʻo Chiapas a me ka Yucatan Peninsula (hema o Mekiko) ma waena o ʻAmelika Waena a i ke komohana ʻākau o ʻEkuador, Colombia a ma ke komohana loa o Venezuela. Loaʻa nā heluna hapa nui i ka hikina hikina o Peru, komohana hema o Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay komohana, a ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana akau o ʻAmelika. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia kekahi mau ʻano i nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma West Indies. Ua hoʻolauna pū ʻia ʻo Agouti i Cuba, Bahamas, Jamaica, Hispaniola a me nā mokupuni ʻo Cayman.
Noho nui kēia mau koʻokoʻo i nā waoakua a me nā wahi wai ʻē aʻe e like me nā kahawai. ʻAʻole loaʻa iki lākou i nā pampas steppe hāmama. Makemake lākou e noho ma nā wahi me ka lako o ka wai. Loaʻa nā agouti o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā ululāʻau, nā mānoanoa, nā sabana, a me nā wahi mahiʻai. Ma Peru, kaupalena ʻia lākou i ka ʻāpana ʻo Amazon, kahi i loaʻa ai lākou i nā wahi āpau o ka wao nahele ulu haʻahaʻa a ma nā ʻāpana he nui o ka wahi nahele kiʻekiʻe (a i 2000 mau mika).
Pili loa ʻo Agouti i ka wai a ʻike pinepine ʻia ma kapa o nā kahawai, nā muliwai a me nā loko. Kūkulu pinepine lākou i nā lua a me nā wahi moe he nui i nā lāʻau hollow, ma waena o nā pōhaku limestone, ma lalo o nā aʻa lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano nui loa ma Guiana, Brazil a me ka ʻākau o Peru.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka holoholona agouti. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka agouti e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Agouti i ke kūlohelohe
ʻAi nui nā holoholona i nā hua a nānā i nā lāʻau hua hua i kā lākou huakaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā. Ke lako ka meaʻai, kanu pono lākou i nā hua e hoʻohana i meaʻai ke loaʻa ka hua. He mea kōkua kēia hana i ka lūlū ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano o nā ʻano kumulāʻau ulu he nui. Hahai pinepine kēia mau holoholona i nā hui o ka mōneka a hōʻiliʻili i nā hua i hāʻule mai nā kumu lāʻau.
Mea hoihoi: Ua hōʻike ʻia ua hiki i ka agouti ke lohe i nā hua e hāʻule ana mai nā kumu lāʻau mai kahi mamao loa a hoihoi i ka leo o nā hua pala e hāʻule ana i ka honua. No laila, ua hele mai nā mea ʻimi holoholona rodent me kahi ala kūpono e lure ai i ka holoholona. E hana i kēia, hoʻolei lākou i kahi pōhaku i ka honua, e hoʻohālike ana i ka hāʻule o nā hua.
ʻAi nā holoholona i nā pāpaʻi, nā mea kanu a me kekahi mau mea kanu momona. Hiki iā lākou ke haki me ka paʻakikī i nā nati Brazil, no laila he mea nui nā holoholona no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kēia mau mea kanu i ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka papaʻai agouti nui:
- nā nati;
- na anoano;
- huaʻai;
- nā aʻa;
- lau;
- ʻūhā.
Kōkua kēia mau koʻokoʻo i ka hoʻohou hou ʻana i nā ululāʻau, e like me nā squirrels ʻōiwi. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino nui i nā māla kō a me nā māla maiʻa a lākou e hoʻohana ai no ka meaʻai. E like me ka nui o ka ʻāina nahele i hoʻohana ʻia no nā mahi mahiʻai, e hoʻonui nui ana ʻo agouti i nā mea kanu o nā mahiʻai kūloko. ʻAi ʻo Agouti e noho ana ma ko lākou mau wāwae hope a paʻa ka meaʻai i ko lākou mau wāwae mua. A laila hoʻohuli lākou i ka hua i nā manawa he nui, palaki iā lākou me ko lākou mau niho. Inā loaʻa kekahi mau hua i koe o ka ʻai ʻole i ka hopena o ka pāʻina, hūnā ka agouti iā lākou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Guinea puaʻa agouti
ʻO ka wae kaiāulu o ka agouti i hana ʻia he paʻa i paʻa i ke ola holoʻokoʻa. Noho kēlā me kēia hui i kahi maʻa mau ma kahi o 1-2 hectares, nona nā lāʻau hua a me kahi kumu wai. Aia ka nui o ka ʻāina i ka lako o ka nohona. Ke loaʻa nā agouti ʻē aʻe i ka panalāʻau i haʻi ʻia, ma ke ʻano he rula, kipaku nā kāne iā lākou. Hoʻopili ka pale kūloko i kekahi manawa me ka hakakā kolohe e hopena i ka hōʻeha koʻikoʻi.
Mea hoihoi: Ke kūpikipiki, hāpai nā koʻokoʻo i kekahi manawa i ko lākou lauoho lōʻihi lōʻihi, kuʻi i ka honua me ko lākou mau wāwae hope, a i ʻole hoʻohana i nā ʻano kani, ka mea maʻamau e like me ka hae ʻana o kahi ʻīlio liʻiliʻi.
ʻO kēia mau koʻokoʻo ka hapanui o nā holoholona i ke ao, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i kā lākou hana i nā hola o ka pō inā e ʻimi a hoʻoluhi pinepine ʻia paha e nā kānaka. Hiki iā lākou ke lele i luna. Noho kū, agouti hiki jerk i ka wikiwiki holoʻokoʻa inā pono. Hiki iā Agouti ke neʻe me ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki.
Kūkulu lākou i nā hale ma lalo o nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau. ʻO Agouti nā holoholona kaiaulu i hoʻolilo i ka manawa nui i ka mālama like ʻana. Hoʻolālā nā holoholona i ka manawa nui i ka hoʻonani ʻana i ko lākou hulu e hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻutu, nā kikiki a me nā ʻūlū ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia nā wāwae o mua e lūlū i ka lauoho a huki iā ia i loko o ka hiki o nā incisors, a laila hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka waihona. Neʻe ka agouti wiwo ʻole i kahi trot a i ʻole lele i loko o nā lele pōkole. Hiki iā ia ke ʻauʻau a kokoke pinepine i ka wai.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Rat agouti
Noho ʻo Agouti i nā paʻa paʻa e noho pū a hiki i ka make ʻana o kekahi lālā o ka lua. Loaʻa ke oʻo makua i ka hopena o ka makahiki mua o ke ola. ʻO ka manawa pinepine hoʻokahi wale nō mea e ʻike ʻia mai ka pili ʻole ʻana o nā lālā o ka lua. Hānau nā holoholona i loko o ka makahiki, akā hānau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā keiki i ka wā hua hua mai Malaki a Iulai. Hiki i kekahi ʻano laha ke hānau i mau manawa i ka makahiki ma Mei a ʻOkakopa, ʻoiai kekahi e hoʻohua i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa.
Mea hoihoi: I ka wā o ka pachip, kāpīpī ke kāne i ka wahine me ka mimi, ka mea e koi iā ia e komo i kahi "hula pupule". Ma hope o kekahi mau kaha, ʻae ʻo ia i ke kāne e hoʻokokoke iā ia.
ʻO ka manawa hānau he 104-120 mau lā. Loaʻa i ka ʻōpala i ʻelua mau keiki, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa aia ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau kānaka. ʻEli nā wahine i nā lua no kā lākou ʻōpio a alakaʻi iā lākou i nā lua kahiko a lākou i kūkulu ai, aia ma nā lāʻau hollow, ma waena o nā aʻa lāʻau a i ʻole ma lalo o nā mea kanu pili. Hānau ʻia ka ʻōpio i nā lua i lī ʻia me nā lau, nā aʻa a me nā lauoho. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi lākou i ka wā hānau a hiki ke hoʻomaka e ʻai i loko o hoʻokahi hola. Lawe ʻia nā makuakāne mai ka pūnana mai. Kūlike ka lua me ka nui o nā keiki. Ke ulu nei nā keiki, hoʻoneʻe ka makuahine i nā ʻōpala i kahi ana nui. Nui nā lāʻau i nā wahine
Ua uhi paʻa ʻia nā keiki hānau hou i ka lauoho, hāmama nā maka, a hiki iā lākou ke holo i ka hola mua o ke ola. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ka makuahine no 20 mau pule. Hoʻokaʻawale loa ʻia nā keiki mai ka makuahine ma hope o kahi ʻōpala hou. Loaʻa kēia i ka huhū a nā mākua a i ʻole ka nele o ka meaʻai. Loaʻa i nā pēpē i hānau ʻia i ka wā hua ke ʻoi aku ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o ke ola ma mua o nā mea i hānau ʻia i ke kau kau.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o Agouti
Kiʻi: Rodent agouti
Alualu ʻia ʻo Agouti e ka waena i nā predators nui i kā lākou āpau āpau, me nā kānaka. Hōʻalo lākou i ka predation ma o ka makaʻala a makaʻala i ka ulu nui o ka ulu, kōkua pū kā lākou kala ʻana i ka hūnā ʻana mai nā mea hiki wawe ke loaʻa. I ka nahelehele, he mau holoholona hilahila lākou e holo aku mai nā poʻe aku, ʻoiai i ke pio ʻana hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea maʻalahi. Kaulana nā holoholona no ka holo wikiwiki loa, hiki ke mālama i nā ʻīlio alualu e alualu iā lākou no nā hola. He lohe maikaʻi ko lākou e hiki ai ke hoʻopakele iā lākou mai nā ʻaihue.
He puka pakele kā Agouti i nā kumulāʻau hina. ʻO kēia mau puka hāmama i ʻelua puka, i ʻae ai i ke koʻokoʻo e puka ma waena o kahi puka, ʻoiai ke kakali nei ka mea hoʻomake iā ia ma kahi puka ʻē aʻe. Inā hiki, hoʻohana pū lākou i nā tunnels ma waena o nā pōhaku ākea a me nā lua kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe. Makaʻu lākou, holo aku lākou a hana i kahi ʻōhū ʻē.
ʻO nā ʻenemi o agouti:
- boa;
- ʻīlio laʻalāʻau (S. venaticus);
- ocelot (L. pardalis);
- puma (Puma concolor);
- jaguar (Panthera onca).
Inā pilikia ka holoholona, kū lākou me ka neʻe ʻole me ka hāpai ʻana o ko lākou wāwae i mua a kali no ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli. Hiki iā Agouti ke neʻe me ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki. ʻO lākou kahi ʻāpana nui o ke kaiaolaola, no ka mea he waiwai lākou no ka mea waena i nā predators nui e like me nā ʻaeto a me nā jaguars. He kuleana nui lākou i ka paepae ʻana i ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o nā kumulāʻau hua lāʻau hua ma o ka lūlū hua ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i kahi holoholona mai nā kānaka ia. ʻO ia ka luku ʻia o ko lākou wahi maoli a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ko lākou ʻiʻo. I ka hopena o kahi hoʻouka kaua, pepehi paha ka holoholona iā ia iho a hoʻāʻo paha e hūnā i nā zigzags, e hoʻololi ana i ke ala hele o kāna neʻe.
He mea nui ka honi i ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā kānaka. Loaʻa nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā glands ʻala anal i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻike i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i ke kaiapuni. He maikaʻi nā maka a me ka lohe ʻana o Agouti. Hoʻohana lākou i ke kamaʻilio tactile ma o ke kāhiko ʻana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Mekiko Agouti
I kekahi mau wahi, ua hōʻole nui nā helu agouti ma muli o ka luku ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i ka nohona. Akā ua pālahalaha nui kēia mau koʻokoʻo i kēia lā a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau i ka hapanui o kā lākou pae. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hapa nui o nā laha e like me ka mea ʻaneʻane pau i ka hopena o ka latitude ākea, ka nui nui, a me ke kū ʻana i nā wahi pale.
Ua hoʻouka ʻia ka holoholona e kekahi poʻe, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, no ka mea komo pinepine ia i nā mea kanu a luku iā lākou, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, no ka ʻiʻo momona e ʻimi ʻia ai lākou e ka lāhui ʻōiwi, ka poʻe maʻa mau i ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou. Ua wehewehe ʻo Darwin i ka ʻiʻo agouti ma ke ʻano ʻo "ka ʻono loa āna i ʻono ai." ʻAi ʻia ka ʻiʻo ma Guiana, Trinidad, Brazil. He keʻokeʻo, momona, palupalu a momona.
ʻO nā ʻano 11 o ka agouti, ua manaʻo ʻia nā mea ʻehā e hiki mai ana.
- Orinoco agouti (D. guamara) - haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa;
- Coiban Agouti (D. coibae) - hoʻoweliweli;
- Roatan Agouti (D. ruatanica) - pilikia nui;
- Agouti Mekiko (D. mexicana) - hoʻoweliweli.
Pili loa kēia mau holoholona i ko lākou wahi noho, no laila hāʻule pinepine lākou i nā ʻīlio a me nā holoholona kolohe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lilo wikiwiki ʻana o ka nohona ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o kēia koʻokoʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ke emi nei kekahi mau ʻano i loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho no ka mahi mahiʻai a no ka ulu ulu ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale. Hiki i ka ʻimi holoholona a i ʻole nā mea hoʻolei hua ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻohui a me ka mahele i ka nahele.
ʻAʻohe mea i kēia manawa no nā hana kikoʻī e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana agouti... ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka aquaculture a me ka ulu lāʻau, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina i kāna pae kūlohelohe e hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama holoholona. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea i hoʻohuli ʻia e ulu i ka kope, kaʻu koko, nā hua citrus, ka maiʻa, a i ʻole ka allspice.
Lā paʻi: 15.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/25/2019 ma 20:24
