Pōhaku - ka mea maluhia loa, ka mea hana ʻino ʻole o ka ʻohana pī. He pepeke nui loa ia me kahi waihoʻoluʻu nani a poina ʻole. Ua loaʻa i ka holoholona kona inoa ʻano ʻole no ke kumu. Ua hele mai ia mai ka Lūkini huaʻōlelo "chmel", ʻo ia hoʻi "hum, wheeze." Pēlā e ʻike ʻia ai nā kani a nā kolo.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Bumblebee
Pili kēia holoholona i nā mea kolo arthropod, i ka ʻohana o nā pi maoli, i ka genus o ka inoa like - bumblebees. I ka Lākina, ua like ka inoa o ka genus me "Bombus". Helu ʻia i ka subclass o nā peʻa ʻēheu. ʻO Bumblebees kahi ʻano nui o nā kolo. I kēia lā, ʻike ʻia ma mua o ʻekolu haneli mau ʻano o ka bumblebees, no nā pakanā kanalima.
Ma waena o nā ʻano, nā mea kaulana ʻelua:
- Bombus lapidarius;
- ʻO Bombus terrestris.
ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka nui, ʻaʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ko lākou ʻohana. He ʻano melemele-ʻeleʻele ko lākou. Hiki ke huikau wale kēia kolo me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe mai kahi mamao aku. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā bumblebees kā lākou mandibles mana. Hoʻolālā wale ʻia lākou no nā hana maluhia. No ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho, hoʻohana nā holoholona e like me nā pi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: ʻOi aku ka ʻeha o ka bumblebee ma mua o ka ʻū ʻana o ka nalo meli a i ʻole kahi ʻūpā ʻūpā. He maluhia kēia ʻano kolo, ʻaʻole nahu iki no ke kumu ʻole. Hoʻohana kahi holoholona i kahi ʻūlū, nā auwaha mana wale nō ke hoʻoweliweli maoli i kona ola.
Kuhi ʻia kēia kolo i ke koko wela. Me ka neʻe ikaika, hana ke kino o ka bumblebee i ka wela. Hiki i ko lākou kino mahana ke hiki i ke kanaha kekelē. Loaʻa i nā ʻelele āpau o ka genus o bumblebees kahi kino pubescent. Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou e maʻalahi e hoʻopili a hiki i nā ʻano anilā ʻino loa. He mea pono nā bumblebees, nā iʻa holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i kahi nui o nā pua, neʻe wikiwiki mai kahi wahi a kahi.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: holoholona Bumblebee
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus i waena o nā ʻeneke pale anuanu. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomanawanui i nā hau liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kēia ke loaʻa i kahi pūkuniahi pumehana a me nā mākala ikaika o ka umauma. Hiki i kahi mea kolo ke hoʻāla i ka mahana o kona kino ma ka ʻae wikiwiki ʻana i kona mau mākala. ʻO ka Bumblebees ka mea lele mua e ʻohiʻohi i ka nectar. Hana lākou i kēia i ke kakahiaka nui, ke loaʻa ʻole ka manawa o ka ea e mahana ai i kahi mahana mahana no ke koena o ka ʻohana pi.
ʻO nā peʻapeʻa he mau pepelu nui. Hiki i ko lākou kino lōʻihi ke hiki i iwakāluakūmāwalu millimeter. Hiki i nā wahine ke kaena i kēlā nui. Ulu a kāne i kahi kiʻekiʻe o iwakāluakūmāhā millimeter. A hiki wale i kekahi mau laha ke hiki i kahi lōʻihi o kanakolukūmālima mau mile. ʻO kahi laʻana, ka steppe bumblebee. ʻO ka awelika kaupaona o kahi wahine he 0.85 g, o kahi kāne - a i 0.6 g.
Wikiō: Bumblebee
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, he ʻano melemele ʻeleʻele keleʻele ko kēia kolo. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe kekahi mau ʻano bumblebees me ka ʻalani a me nā kaha ʻulaʻula, a pena ʻia kekahi mau lunamaka ʻeleʻele loa. Manaʻo ʻia pili nā ʻokoʻa kala me nā kumu ʻelua: ka pono o ka camouflage, thermoregulation.
Hoʻohui iki ʻia ke poʻo poʻo o nā wahine, o nā kāne - kokoke puni. ʻAʻole pelu ka ʻōpū o nā kolo. Hoʻonohonoho kūikawā ʻia ka papa o waho o ka tibia o hope no ka hōʻiliʻili kūpono o ka pollen - he laumania ia, ʻālohilohi, a he ʻano ko ka "ʻeke". ʻAʻohe ʻoki o ka manu o ka holoholona, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana iā ia i nā manawa he nui me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha iā ia iho. Ke komo i loko ka ʻili i ka ʻili, hoʻokuʻu ka bumblebees i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau make.
Ma hea e noho ai ka bumblebee?
Kiʻi: ʻenekia Bumblebee
ʻO Bumblebees kekahi o nā mea kolo ākea loa. Noho lākou ma nā ʻāina āpau. ʻO Antarctica wale nō ka mea ʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole like nā lehulehu ma nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa. No laila, i ka Hemisphere ʻĀkau, hiki ke loaʻa ka nui o nā bumblebees i nā latitude mahana. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano wale nō i loaʻa ma ʻō aku o ka Arctic Circle. Noho nā bumblebees ʻĀkau a me nā polar ma Chukotka, Greenland, Alaska. Koho lākou i ke kuahiwi, nā mauna alpine, noho kokoke i ka palena o nā aniani.
Kākaʻikahi loa ʻo Bumblebees i nā tropika. Loaʻa kēia i nā peculiarities o thermoregulation o ke kino o ka holoholona. Lilo lākou i mea hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i nā mahana wela kiʻekiʻe. Makemake nā Bumblebees i nā anuanu anuanu. ʻElua wale nō ʻano ma Amazon; ʻike ʻia nā ʻano he nui i ka tropical tropical Asia. Noho ʻia kēia mau mea kolo ma ʻAmelika Hema, koe naʻe ka tropic. Eia kekahi, noho kēia mau holoholona ma ʻApelika, Rusia, Polani, Belarus, Ukraine, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe he nui.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: ʻaʻole nā ʻenemi huhū huhū. No kēia kumu, hoʻohana ākea lākou i ka māla, nā hale kauwela no ka pollination o nā mea kanu mahiʻai. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻonui i ka pae o ka loaʻa.
Ua hoʻolauna kūikawā ʻia nā bumblebees māla i Australia. Ma laila lākou e hoʻohana ai i pollination clover, noho wale lākou i ka mokuʻāina ʻo Tasmania. Noho kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mau ʻano ʻelala ma Nūhōlani.
He aha ka ʻai a kahi bumblebee?
Kiʻi: Bumblebee
ʻO kēia mau holoholona nā hoahānau pili loa o nā pi meli. Akā me kēia, ʻokoʻa loa kā lākou papaʻai. Loaʻa i nā Wasps kahi papa inoa ākea o nā "meaʻai" i kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻAi lākou i ke kohu lāʻau, nectar pua, kō, wai wai huaʻai, a hiki ke ʻahaʻaina i ka jam a me ka meli i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia papaʻai i nā bumblebees.
ʻAi wale nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus i ka nectar a me ka pollen. Hōʻiliʻili lākou iā lākou mai nā ʻano mea kanu he nui. Nui ka papa inoa o nā mea kanu, no laila ua kapa ʻia nā bumblebees he pollinators ākea. Lawe lākou i nā pōmaikaʻi nui i nā hana mahiʻai kanaka, hoʻonui wikiwiki i nā hua.
Loaʻa i ka hana a nā peke makua i ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou larvae. E hana i kēia, lawe lākou i ka nectar hou i ka pūnana. I kekahi manawa, ma kahi o ka nectar, hāʻawi ʻia nā larvae i kā lākou meli ponoʻī. Hana ʻo Bumblebees i ka meli, akā ʻano ʻokoʻa ia mai ka nalo meli maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o ka meli ʻo Bumblebee, loaʻa ke ʻano o ke kukui, ke kala māmā. ʻAno iki ka ʻono a hoʻohana ʻole i ka ʻala. Mālama maikaʻi ʻole ia ʻano meli.
Mea hoihoi: Ma mua o ka wanaʻao, ʻike mau ʻia kahi bumblebee i ka pūnana bumblebee, a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kani me ka leo nui. I ka manawa mua, ua manaʻo ka ʻepekema i kēia ala ua paipai ʻo ia i ke koena o ka poʻe e hoʻomaka i ka hana. Eia naʻe, ua haʻalulu wale ka bumblebee mai ke anuanu a hoʻāʻo e mahana, no ka mea i ke kakahiaka nui ua haʻahaʻa ka mahana o ka ea.
Makemake nā bumblebees no ka pollination e koho i nā pua ʻōlinolino ka hapanui. ʻAi wale i nā manawa maʻamau hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻai i ka kohu lāʻau. I ka papa o kā lākou hānai ʻana, halihali kēia mau holoholona i nā ʻanoʻano, nā mea e hoʻonui ai i nā hua. ʻO ka meaʻai punahele a kēia ʻenekia ka clover.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Bumblebee ma luna o kahi pua
He pepeke kaiāulu ʻo Bumblebee. Noho lākou i ko lākou ola me ko lākou mau ʻohana. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻohana nā mōʻī wahine nui, nā kāne a me nā bumblebees hana liʻiliʻi. Noho nā ʻohana i nā pūnana ʻino nui. Kūkulu kēia mau holoholona i ʻekolu mau ʻano pūnana.
- Lalo honua. ʻO kēia ʻano noho e makemake ʻia e ka hapanui o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka genus. Noho ʻo Nest i nā lua i haʻalele ʻia o nā ʻiole liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopiʻi ka pilau o ia mau holoholona i nā bumblebees wahine. No ka insulate ʻana i ka punana lalo, hoʻohana ka ʻenekema i nā mea i koe mai ka ʻiole: mauʻu maloʻo, hulu hipa;
- Ma ka honua. Noho kēlā mau pūnana i ka mauʻu nui, nā pūnana manu i haʻalele ʻia, i nā puʻupuʻu limu;
- Ma luna o ka honua. Noho kekahi ʻano bumblebee i nā lua lāʻau, i nā hale like ʻole a i nā hale manu hoʻi.
ʻAʻole lehulehu ka ʻohana bumblebee. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka wale nō kāna helu. Noho lākou i hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻokumu kekahi o nā wahine i mau ʻohana hou, hele ka ʻaoʻao ʻē i ka hoʻoilo. Nui ka waiwai o ka nohona o nā bumblebees. He mau hana ko kēlā me kēia ʻohana. Hana nā mākua hana i nā hana haumia āpau. Hānai lākou i ka larva, loaʻa ka meaʻai, kiaʻi i ka home. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pūpū i ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, nā kāne - i ka momona o nā wahine. I ka pau ʻana o ka hana nui, ʻaʻole e hoʻolōʻihi nā kāne i nā pūnana.
He mālie ke ʻano o nā bumblebees, ʻaʻole ikaika. ʻAʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ko lākou ʻohana, ʻaʻole lele kēia mau mea kolo i ka poʻe no ke kumu ʻole. I ka manawa wale nō o ka makaʻu hiki ke nahu i ka bumblebee. Eia nō naʻe, no ke kanaka, ʻaneʻane ʻeha ʻole kēia.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: holoholona Bumblebee
Kūlike ke ʻano o ka nohona o ka bumblebees i ka hanana o ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana o nā pi. I kēia mau holoholona, ʻo ka uterus ka mea nui. ʻO ia ka mea nāna e hoʻokumu i kahi ʻohana, ma nā pae mua e hana ʻo ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale, waiho i nā hua manu. A ukali ʻia kēia e nā kāne a me nā bumblebees e hana nei, a ma hope e komo i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki, ka ʻai ʻana.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka wahine bumblebee i ka puna. Ma hope koke o ka momona, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hānai hana no kekahi mau pule. Pono kēia no ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki olakino. A laila, hoʻomaka ka wahine e ʻimi i kahi kūpono no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ka hua i nā ovaries o ka wahine e oʻo. Loaʻa i kahi, hele ka wahine i ka pūnana, hana kūkulu.
Mea leʻaleʻa: ʻAʻole pili nā ʻano bumblebee i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana. Alakaʻi kekahi lālā o ka genus i kahi nohona parasitic. Hoʻokomo lākou i kā lākou keiki i nā hives o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe.
Ke waiho nei ka wahine ma kahi o ʻumikūmāono hua i ka manawa. Hoʻonui ʻia lākou āpau, a hiki i kahi palena o ʻehā mau mile ka lōʻihi. Ma hope o ʻeono mau lā, ʻike ʻia nā larvae mai nā hua manu. ʻO ka larva pupate ma hope o iwakālua mau lā. Ma mua o ke ʻumikūmāwalu paha mau makahiki ke oʻo ʻana o ke kōlea. ʻO ia, ma ka awelika, ʻike ʻia nā mākua ma hope o ke kau ʻana i nā hua ma hope o kanakolu mau lā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Inā make koke ka kōpū, a laila ʻaʻole haki ka ʻohana bumblebee. Hoʻomaka ka hana i nā bumblebees e hana i kāna mau hana. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomoe i nā hua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā bumblebees
Kiʻi: Bumblebee i ka lele
ʻO nā bumblebees wikiwiki, wikiwiki, ʻinoʻino ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, lawa nō hoʻi ko lākou mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe. ʻO kaʻenemi nui loa o nā bumblebees ka ant. Hana ʻino kēia mea ʻino ʻino i ka mea kolo: ʻaihue i kāna meli, nā hua, a me nā larva. ʻO nā laha āpau e makemake e kūkulu i nā pūnana ma ka honua e ʻeha i nā ants. No kēia kumu, hōʻole nā ʻano he nui i kēlā ʻano noho, makemake i ka noho ma uka o ka honua a i ʻole ka honua, kahi e paʻakikī ai ka hele ʻana o nā naonao.
Manaʻo ʻia kekahi mau nalo e ʻenemi no ka bumblebee. No laila, lawe mai kekahi o lākou i kahi hōʻoluʻolu iki, ʻaihue i ka meli i hoʻomākaukau hou ʻia, ʻo kekahi poʻe - pepehi lākou i nā keiki. Ke ʻaihue nei nā ʻeke pepa i ka ʻaihue meli, a hiki i nā nalo Kelemania ke ʻahaʻaina i nā pua.
Lawe ʻia ka makaʻu i kekahi ʻalalā e nā lele canopid. Hoʻouka lākou i kahi kolo i ka lewa. Hiki i kēlā lele ke alualu i kāna mea i hōʻino ʻia no nā hola. I ka hōʻea ʻana i kāna pahuhopu, ua kau pono ka lele canopid i kahi hua manu ma luna o ka ʻōpala. Ma hope, kū mai kahi larva mai ka hua manu. Hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻai i kona mea nāna i hoʻokipa, kahi e alakaʻi liʻiliʻi ai i kona make ʻana.
Lawe nā manu a me nā mea ʻino i ka pōʻino nui i nā lāhui bumblebee. Ma waena o nā manu, manaʻo ʻia ka bee-eater ke ʻenemi nui. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa akamai ʻo ia i nā haneli he nui, luku i kahi nui o nā bea i hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻino nā ʻīlio, nā hedgehogs, a me nā ʻalopeke i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻano mea kolo. Hoʻouka lākou i nā pūnana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: ʻenekia Bumblebee
ʻO ka bumblebee ka mea nui pollinator. Lawe mai ia i nā pōmaikaʻi nui i nā hana mahiʻai o nā kānaka a, i ka nui, i nā ʻano āpau, nā ululāʻau, nā mea kanu, nā mea ulu. He laulā lākou, "hana" ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā pi. He mea nui kā lākou komo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā legume, alfalfa, a me clover. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo palekana ʻo kēia mau mea kanu e ulu i kahi nui wale nō mahalo i nā bumblebees. ʻO kahi laʻana, lawe pololei ʻia nā bumbbees i Australia no ke kumu o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka pollination ʻana i ka clover.
Nui loa ka laha o nā bumblebees. I kēia lā wale nō, aia ma mua o ʻekolu haneli mau ʻano. Noho nui kēia mau holoholona ma kahi o nā ʻāinapuniʻole āpau o ka Honua. ʻO Antarctica ka mea ʻokoʻa. Hoʻopuka koke ʻo Bumblebees i ka lawa pono, mākaukau pono iā lākou iho, a hānai ʻia e kekahi kanaka i kekahi manawa no nā mahi mahiʻai. No kēia mau kumu, kūpaʻa ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau holoholona.
Ma ka laulaha, ʻaʻole makaʻu ka lehulehu o nā bumblebees i kēia lā. Ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano i ke kūlana Least Concern. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he hiki ʻole ke kuhi i ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau kolo me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe no nā kumu kumu. Liʻiliʻi loa lākou, i kekahi manawa noho lākou i nā wahi paʻakikī. ʻAʻole hiki i ke kino ke hoʻoholo i ka helu pono o kēia mau holoholona.
Pale Bumblebee
Kiʻi: Bumblebee Red Book
ʻOiai ka lawa o ka heluna o nā bumblebees, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi mau lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus ma ke ʻano he nalo hewa ʻole. Ke hele nei a hala iki kekahi mau ʻano bumblebees, no laila ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o nā Red Data Book o nā ʻāina a me kekahi mau kūlanakauhale. He paʻakikī e inoa i nā kumu kikoʻī no ka make ʻana o kēia mau holoholona.
Eia nō naʻe, pili hewa nā mea aʻe i ka heluna bumblebee: kahi hōʻino nui o ke kūlana kaiaola i nā wahi, kahi hopena e pili ana i nā ʻenemi o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pūnana e nā kānaka, a me ka nele o ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka bumblebee Armenia kahi ʻano laha ʻole. Ua helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book o Ukraine, Russia. Ke komo nei kēia holoholona i ka pollination o nā mea kanu Compositae, nā legume. Makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā ululāʻau, nā ʻāpana mauna, ma waho o nā ululāʻau, kahi e ulu ai nā pine. Eia kekahi, ua helu ʻia ka bumblebee maʻamau i ka Red Book o Rusia. I nā helu liʻiliʻi, ke noho nei ia i kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Lūkia.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi ʻano o nā bumblebees i helu ʻia i nā Red Data Books. ʻAʻohe o nā hana ʻeleu e pale aku iā lākou. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he nui nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā bumblebees a, i ka laulā, palekana kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, i mea e mālama ai i nā koena o nā lāhui laha ʻole, pono ia i kekahi ala e kaupalena ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā hana hoʻokele waiwai i loko o kā lākou wahi noho, e pāpā aku i ka hana ʻana o ke ahi, a me ka palena ʻana i ka hānai ʻana.
Pōhaku - ʻalani ʻulaʻula, insect pono loa. He pollinator ākea ia, ʻaʻole hana ʻino i nā kānaka, ʻaʻole hōʻike i ka huhū. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ʻo Bumblebees ma kahi o ka hone holoʻokoʻa. ʻAe maʻalahi lākou i kahi anuanu maikaʻi, pale i nā tropics ma muli o nā peculiarities o ka thermoregulation o ko lākou kino ponoʻī. He ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia o ka ʻohana pi, pono e akahele a makaʻala hoʻi mai ka poʻe, no ka mea, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano bumblebees i nā Red Data Book o kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: 17.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 21:38
