Manatee He lunamakaʻāinana o flora kai a me nā holoholona. Kapa ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa he mau bipi wai a kai paha, no ka mea nui lākou, a ʻike ʻia e ka lokomaikaʻi a me ke ʻano mālie, ana a me ke ʻano aloha. ʻO kekahi ʻano like me nā ungulate terrestrial ʻo ia nā manatees he mau mea ulu lāʻau.
Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa nā kānaka noiʻi ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka hiki ke hoʻonā i nā pilikia hoʻokolohua ma ke ʻano like me nā dolphins. Aia kekahi hoʻohālikelike o ka holoholona me nā ʻelepani. ʻAʻole kēia ma muli wale nō o ka nui, akā i kekahi o nā like o ke ʻano physiological. I kēia lā, kēia mau ʻano holoholona kupaianaha e kokoke ana i ka make loa.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Manatee
Pili kēia mau ʻelele o ka flora a me nā holoholona i nā mammals chordate, he poʻe lunamakaʻāinana lākou no ke kauoha o sirens, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka genus o manatees a me nā ʻano manatees.
Manaʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi i ka wā kahiko ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i ʻaneʻane iwakālua mau ʻāpana. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ʻekolu wale nō o lākou e noho nei i nā kūlana kūlohelohe: Amazonian, ʻAmelika a me ʻApelika. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā laha ma mua e hoʻopau loa ʻia e ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18.
Video: Manatee
ʻO Columbus ka mea noiʻi mua e haʻi i nā manatees. ʻO ia, ma ke ʻāpana o kāna hui, ua nānā ʻo ia i kēia mau lunamakaʻāinana i ka Honua Hou. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā lālā o kāna moku noiʻi, ʻo ka nui loa o nā holoholona i hoʻomanaʻo iā lākou i nā mermaids o ke kai.
Wahi a nā kākau a ka poloholo zoologist Polani, ka mea noiʻi a me ka ʻepekema, nā manatee ma mua, a hiki i ka makahiki 1850, i noho wale ma ka moku ʻo Bering Island.
Nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha. Wahi a kekahi o lākou, ua iho mai nā manatee mai nā māmela ʻehā wāwae i noho ma ka ʻāina. Aia lākou i waena o nā ola kai kahiko loa, e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia aia ma mua o 60 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO ka ʻike maoli ʻia o ko lākou mau kūpuna he mau māmela ʻāina i ʻike ʻia e ka loaʻa ʻana o nā māiʻuʻu rudimentary ma nā lālā. ʻ claimlelo nā Zoologists ʻo ko lākou pili a pili loa ma ka honua ka ʻelepani.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Manatee holoholona
He mea kupaianaha maoli ka hiʻohiʻona o ka manatee. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino kālī o ka pilikua kai a ʻekolu paha mau mika, hiki ke kaumaha o ke kino i hoʻokahi tone. Hōʻike nā sila Elephant i ka dimorphism moekolohe - ʻoi aku ka nui a me ke kaumaha o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
He huelo nui a mana loa ko lākou e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻokele i ka wai.
He maka liʻiliʻi, poepoe, hohonu nā maka o nā holoholona, i pale ʻia e ka membrane kūikawā, ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka maka o ka manatees, akā he lohe maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka manatees ʻaʻohe pepeiao kūwaho. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻala ke ʻano o ka honi o nā mea hānai wai. Nui ka ʻaoʻao nasal, uhi ʻia me ka liʻiliʻi, paʻa ikaika. Loaʻa iā lākou nā lehelehe maʻalahi a hoʻoneʻe i maʻalahi e hopu i nā meaʻai mea kanu.
E holo mālie ke poʻo i loko o ke kino, e hoʻohui pono ʻia me ia. Ma muli o ka mea i loko o ke ola holoʻokoʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai nā niho o nā holoholona, hoʻopili pono lākou i ka papaʻai e loli nei. Mālama maʻalahi nā niho ikaika i nā meaʻai mea kanu. E like me nā ʻelepani, hoʻololi nā manate i nā niho i ko lākou ola. Hōʻike nā niho hou i ka lālani hope, e hoʻololi mālie i nā niho kahiko.
ʻAʻole like me nā māmela ʻē aʻe, ʻeono ko lākou iwi ʻaoʻao. Ma kēia mea, ʻaʻohe o lākou hiki ke hoʻohuli i ko lākou poʻo i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Inā pono e hoʻohuli i ke poʻo, huli lākou i ka manawa hoʻokahi me ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
Hāʻawi ka iwi ʻaoʻao nui i ka holoholona e mālama i ka pahu i kahi kūlaka a hoʻemi i kāna buoyancy. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā lālā o nā holoholona e nā fin, pili iki i ka nui o ke kino. Hoʻopili liʻiliʻi ʻia lākou i ke kumu a hoʻonui ʻia i ka lihi. He mau māiʻuʻu ko nā kihi o nā lau. Mālama nā kikino he ʻano lima no nā holoholona, me ke kōkua e neʻe ai i loko o ka wai a pae i ka ʻāina, a kōkua pū kekahi e hopu i ka meaʻai a hoʻouna i ka waha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka manatee?
Kiʻi: Manatee kai
ʻO ka wahi noho o ka manatee ke kapakai komohana o ka ʻAinapuni ʻApelika, kokoke ma ke kahakai holoʻokoʻa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ka pinepine, noho nā holoholona i nā kino wai liʻiliʻi a hohonu ʻole. Koho lākou i kēlā mau waihona wai kahi e lawa ai ka lako o ka meaʻai. E like me ia, aia paha nā kahawai, nā loko, nā coves liʻiliʻi, nā lagoons. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā kahakai o nā kino wai nui a hohonu hoʻi i ka hohonu o ka ʻoi aku o ʻekolu a me ka hapa mika.
Hiki ke noho manuahi ʻo Manatees i loko o ka wai hou a me ke kai. ʻO nā bipi kai āpau, me ka nānā ʻole i nā laha, makemake i ka wai mehana, ʻo ka mahana o lākou he 18 kekelē. He kūpono ʻole ia no nā holoholona e neʻe a neʻe pinepine a mamao aku hoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke uhi ma mua o 3-4 mau kilomita i kēlā me kēia lā.
Makemake nā holoholona i ke kowali ʻana i ka wai pāpaʻu, e lana ana i kekahi manawa i ka papa i mea e huki ai i ka ea i loko o kā lākou mau māmā.
ʻIke nui nā holoholona i kahi kulu o ka mahana o ka wai. Inā hāʻule ka mahana ma lalo o + 6 - +8 kekelē, hiki i ka make ʻana o nā holoholona. Ma kēia mea, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo a me ke anu anuanu, neʻe nā holoholona mai ke kahakai o ʻAmelika a i Florida Hema. Pinepine, hōʻiliʻili nā holoholona i ka ʻāina kahi e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu wela. Ke hiki hou mai ke kau mahana, hoʻi nā holoholona i ko lākou wahi maoli.
He aha ka manatee e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Manatee bipi kai
ʻOiai ko lākou nui nui, ʻo nā manatees he mau mea ulu lāʻau. I mea e hoʻopiha ai i nā kumukūʻai ikehu o ke kino, pono i kahi mākua ma kahi o 50-60 kilokika o nā mea kanu mea kanu. ʻAno ka nui o nā mea kanu i nā niho ikaika a ikaika hoʻi. Hele a mae nā niho mua. Eia naʻe, neʻe nā niho o hope i ko lākou wahi.
Noho nā holoholona i ka hapa nui o ka lā e hānai i nā wahi i kapa ʻia ʻo nā wahi kai. ʻAi lākou i ka meaʻai ma ka wai papau, neʻe ma kahi o ka lalo. I ka wā o ke komo ʻana o ka meaʻai, hoʻohana ikaika ka manatees i nā flip, e ʻalā ana i nā limu me lākou a lawe iā lākou i ka waha. Hoʻoikaika nui nā bipi kai i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I kēia manawa, ʻai lākou i ka meaʻai. Ma hope o ka ʻai nui, makemake lākou e hoʻomaha maikaʻi a hiamoe maikaʻi.
Pili ka ʻano o nā papaʻai i ka ʻāina o ka noho. Makemake nā holoholona e noho ana i ke kai e hoʻopau i nā mea kanu kai. ʻO Manatees, kahi e noho ai i nā kino wai hou, hānai i nā mea kanu wai piha a me nā limu. I ka manawa pinepine, i mea e lako pono ai lākou iā lākou iho, pono nā holoholona e neʻe i nā wahi ʻē aʻe e ʻimi i nā mea kanu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻano o nā mea kanu kai a me nā loko wai i kahua meaʻai. I nā hihia kakaikahi, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka wai i hoʻohuli ʻia i ka papaʻai mea ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Manatee a me kāne
Noho pinepine nā bipi kai ma kahi o ka pālua paha. ʻAʻole nakinaki ʻia nā holoholona i kekahi ʻāpana teritori, no laila ʻaʻohe o lākou kumu e inaina ai a hoʻoholo i kahi alakaʻi, a pale aku hoʻi i ko lākou panalāʻau. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā huhui nui o manatees i ka wā o ka moena a i ʻole kahi ma kahi e loaʻa ai nā kumu wai mehana, a i ʻole hoʻomālamalama ka lā i ka wai. I ke kūlohelohe, kapa ʻia kahi hui manatees kahi hōʻuluʻulu. ʻOi aku ka heluna kanaka o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana ma mua o ʻeono a ʻehiku mau kānaka.
Hoʻokumu ka hiʻohiʻona o nā holoholona i ka manaʻo weliweli, hulks ferocious. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo ka helehelena. Kūleʻa loa nā holoholona, ʻoluʻolu, a ʻaʻole ikaika iki i ke ʻano. Kuhi ʻia ʻo Manatees e like me nā holoholona hoihoi loa e hilinaʻi maʻalahi i ke kanaka, a ʻaʻole makaʻu iki i ka pili pololei ʻana me ia.
ʻO ka wikiwiki maʻamau e ʻauʻau pinepine ai lākou he 7-9 km / h. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 25 km / h.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke noho ma lalo o ka wai ma mua o ʻumikūmālua mau minuke. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ma ka ʻāina. Hoʻolilo ka makuahine i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ka wai. I loko o kahi loko wai no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono lākou i ka ea. Eia nō naʻe, e māʻona ai i nā akemāmā me ka oxygen, piʻi lākou i ka papa a komo wale ia i loko o kā lākou ihu. ʻOluʻolu nā holoholona i ka hohonu o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua i ʻelua mau mika.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Baby Manatee
Hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo moekolohe he 10 mau makahiki wale nō ma hope o ka hānau ʻana; ua oʻo nā wahine i ka moekolohe ma mua o ka manawa - ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i ʻelima mau makahiki. ʻAʻole kau ka manawa hānau. ʻOiai kēia, hānau ka helu nui loa o nā pēpē i ka wā o ke kauwela-kauwela. ʻO ka hapanui, koi kekahi mau kāne i ke kuleana e komo i loko o ka pilina male me ka wahine. Ke hoʻomau nei ka manawa o ka noho aloha a hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka makemake i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o ka male ʻana, hāpai ka hapai, kahi e hala he 12 a 14 mau mahina. Ua hōʻea kahi sila elephant hānau hou i 30-35 kilokika a he 1-1.20 mau mika ka lōʻihi. Hōʻike nā ʻōpala i kahi hoʻonohonoho i kēlā me kēia manawa, kākaʻikahi ka lua. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hānau ma lalo o ka wai. Ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, pono ka pēpē e hele i ka ʻilikai o ka wai a huki i ka ea i loko o nā akemāmā. Kōkua kona makuahine iā ia i kēia.
Hoʻopili koke nā keiki hānau hou i nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau kūʻokoʻa i nā meaʻai mea kanu, e hoʻomaka ana mai hoʻokahi mahina o ko lākou makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, hānai ka wahine i nā ʻōpio me ka waiū a 17 mau mahina.
ʻ claimlelo nā Zoologists he ikaika kupaianaha loa kēia mau holoholona, kokoke i ka pau ʻole o ka pilina ma waena o ka pēpē a me ka makuahine. Pili lākou iā ia no ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā holoholona i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 50-60 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaopopo nā Zoologists aia ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana reproductive o ka manatees, kahi e hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka helu o nā holoholona.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o manatees
Kiʻi: Manatee holoholona
He mea nui ia ma ka nohona kūlohelohe ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o kēia mau ʻelele o flora a me nā holoholona. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hohonu o ke kai ʻaʻohe holoholona i ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka mana i nā manatees. ʻO ka ʻenemi nui ke kāne a me kāna mau hana. Na ka poʻe i hana i ka nalo ʻana o nā bipi kai.
Ua ʻike ka poʻe i kēia mau ʻelele o ke ola kai i ka kenekulia 17 a hoʻomaka lākou e luku aloha ʻole iā lākou. No ka poʻe, ʻaʻole wale ka ʻiʻo ʻono, i manaʻo ʻia i nā manawa āpau he mea ʻono, me he mea waiwai lā, akā momona momona a momona hoʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma kahi pālākiō nui i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, ma kāna kumu o ka hamo, nā gel, a me nā lotion i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. Ua ʻimi ʻia nā holoholona no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻili. Nui nā kumu no ka luku ʻia o nā holoholona, a me ka ʻimi ʻino ʻana a me ka luku wale ʻia e kānaka.
Nā kumu o ka luku ʻia o nā laha:
- make nā holoholona ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e neʻe ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lalo, ʻai lākou i nā mea kanu kahi i paʻa ai ka lawaiʻa. E ale pū iā lākou me nā limu, make nā holoholona iā lākou iho i kahi make lohi a ʻeha hoʻi;
- ʻo kekahi kumu no ka make ʻana o manatees ka haumia a me ka luku ʻana i ko lākou wahi maoli. Loaʻa kēia i ke komo ʻana o nā ʻōpala weliweli i loko o nā kino wai, a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā muliwai;
- ʻO nā yachts a me nā moku kai ʻē aʻe he mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola a me ka nui o nā manatees ma muli o ka lohe ʻole o nā holoholona i kā lākou hoʻokokoke ʻana. nui nā holoholona i make ma lalo o nā lau helical o nā moku;
- hiki i nā manatees liʻiliʻi ʻole ke lilo i waiwai pio no nā manō tiger a i ʻole nā caimans i nā kahawai tropika.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Manatees
I kēia lā, helu ʻia nā ʻano manatee āpau i ka International Book Red ma ke ʻano he lāhui ʻaneʻane pau. Kuhi ka poʻe Zoologists i loko o nā makahiki he ʻelua e hiki mai ana, e emi ana ka nui o nā holoholona ma kahi o ka hapakolu.
ʻO ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka nui o nā sila elephant he paʻakikī e kiʻi, ʻoi loa no nā ʻano mea e noho ana i nā wahi paʻakikī a hiki ʻole i ke kahakai ʻo Amazonian. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻike maoli ʻole o ka ʻike kikoʻī i ka nui o nā holoholona i kēia lā, manaʻo nā mea ʻimi zologists aia ka helu o nā manatees Amazon ma lalo o 10,000 mau kānaka.
ʻO nā holoholona e noho ana ma Florida, a i ʻole nā ʻelele Antilles, i helu ʻia ma ka Red Book i ka makahiki 1970.
Ua hana ka ʻepekema i kahi helu kokoke a ʻike ʻia i waena o nā kānaka āpau e kū nei i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ma kahi o 2500 ua oʻo kolohe. Hāʻawi kēia mea i ke kumu e manaʻoʻiʻo ai i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki he iwakālua e emi ka heluna kanaka ma kahi o 25-30%.
I loko o 15 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua mālama ʻia ka hana kolosal e hoʻonui i ka helu a mālama i nā lāhui, kahi i loaʻa nā hopena. Ma Malaki 31, 2017, ua hoʻololi nā manatee i ko lākou kūlana mai ka hoʻoweliweli e hoʻopau i ka make i ka hopena. ʻO nā lawaiʻa, nā mea ʻānai holoholona, a me nā luku i nā wahi noho e hoʻokau mau nei i ka emi ʻana o nā helu holoholona.
Kiaʻi Manatee
Kiʻi: Manatees mai ka Red Book
No ka mālama ʻana i nā laha, ua helu ʻia nā holoholona i loko o ka International Book Red. Ua hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ke kūlana o kahi laha e hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei me ka luku loa ʻia. Ua hooikaika nui na luna aupuni o Amerika. Ua hoʻolālā lākou i kahi papahana kūikawā e mālama ai i ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā holoholona. Ua pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana no lākou ma ka pae ʻahaʻōlelo a ʻo ka lawehala ʻana i kēia kānāwai he lawehala kolohe ia.
Eia kekahi, ua pāpā nā luna ʻAmelika i ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me ka ʻānai ʻana i nā ʻupena i nā wahi noho o ka manatee. Ma lalo o ke kānāwai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea i ʻaihue i kēia mau lula a ʻike a i ʻole ʻimi maoli paha i ka make o kahi manatee, kū i kahi $ 3,000 maikaʻi a i ʻole 24 mau mahina o ka hana hoʻoponopono. I ka makahiki 1976, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papahana hoʻōla holoholona ma United States.
Paipai ka papahana e kaohi i ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka ʻōpala aila i loko o ka wai hāmama, e kaupalena ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā waʻa kaʻa a me nā waʻa i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu a kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai nā sila elepani, a me ka pāpā ikaika loa i ka lawaiʻa ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa.
Manatee - nā ʻelele kupaianaha o ka flora kai a me nā holoholona. ʻOiai ko lākou nui a me ko lākou helehelena weliweli, he mau holoholona ʻoluʻolu a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi kēia, ke kumu o ka nalowale ʻana o ke kāne a me kāna mana hoʻopōʻino.
Ka lā paʻi: 08.05.2019
Lā hou: 20.09.2019 ma 17:37
